In order to help the standardized residency training of nuclear medicine residents, the standardized residency training base of nuclear medicine residents in Peking University People's Hospital, combined with forty-five nuclear medicine departments of teaching hospital, established the WeChat official account of "Standardized Residency Training of Nuclear Medicine" and submitted one teaching case per week. The appearance of the WeChat official account of "Standardized Residency Training of Nuclear Medicine" has made up for the shortcomings of insufficient teaching cases in a single training base, strengthened the training of residents' imaging diagnostic thinking, and promoted mutual learning among the bases. By writing teaching cases, instructors and residents have opened up ideas, increased knowledge, improved self-learning ability, and cultivated imaging diagnostic thinking. With the flexible and practical features of the WeChat official account, the consciousness and sustainability of residents' learning have been enhanced.

Purpose: F-18-FDG PET/CT has an important role in the evaluation of fever of unknown origin (FUO) and inflammation of unknown origin (IUO). Our study was to investigate the current status of the inclusion of F-18-FDG PET/CT within FUO/ IUO diagnostic work-up and evaluate the cost-effectiveness of it in China. Methods: A total of 741 FUO/IUO patients admitted to our hospital from January 2012 to December 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical characteristic, medical expenses to reach diagnosis and the proportion of definite etiological diagnosis achieved upon hospital discharge were compared between patients examined by F-18-FDG PET/CT (F-18-FDG PET/CT group) and patients not examined by F-18-FDG PET/CT (non-F-18-FDG PET/CT group). Results: The mean age, proportion of critically-ill patients, proportion of rheumatologic diseases, the number of examinations and hospitalisation days to reach diagnosis in the F-18-FDG PET/CT group were significantly higher than those in the non-F-18-FDG PET/CT group. The mean medical costs of F-18-FDG PET/CT group were significantly higher than those of non-F-18-FDG PET/CT group, whereas the proportion of definite etiological diagnosis achieved upon hospital discharge of F-18-FDG PET/CT group was significantly higher than that of non-F-18-FDG PET/CT group. The mean hospitalisation days and mean medical costs before diagnosis were significantly lower in patients who undertook F-18-FDG PET/CT <= 7 days after hospital admission than those in patients who undertook F-18-FDG PET/CT > 7 days after hospital admission. Conclusions: F-18-FDG PET/CT is mostly used in critically-ill and hard-to-diagnose FUO/IUO patients currently in China, which may conceal its cost-effective advantage. While the early use of F-18-FDG PET/CT according to patient characteristics and etiological clues could help to reduce hospitalization stay, limit medical costs, thus producing its diagnostic effect to the great extent.

目的 分析骨质疏松性骨折的骨显像特征,评价其用于与转移性骨肿瘤鉴别诊断的价值.方法 回顾性研究53例骨质疏松性骨折患者的临床及骨显像资料,提出骨质疏松性骨折的特征性影像表现,并通过对53例骨质疏松性骨折患者和随机抽取的100例骨转移瘤患者的阅片试验,评价骨显像用于骨质疏松性骨折与肿瘤骨转移鉴别诊断的可行性及其临床诊断效能.结果 骨质疏松性骨折在骨显像上常表现为多发病灶,其特征性影像表现为与骨骼走形相垂直的点状或短条状浓聚,横行于椎体的线样浓聚,或位于骶骨的"H"形浓聚,这些病灶无膨胀性生长或沿骨骼走形分布特点.依据上述影像特征与肿瘤骨转移进行鉴别,其诊断灵敏度、特异性、准确性分别为96.2％、97.0％和96.7％;且阅片者之间(kappa值:0.80～0.89)及阅片者自身(kappa值:0.82～0.86)的判断结果一致性较好.结论 在骨显像中,骨质疏松性骨折具有特征性影像表现,不仅可用于骨质疏松性骨折的诊断,也可用于骨质疏松性骨折与骨转移瘤的鉴别诊断.

Objective:To further understand the etiological distribution of fever of unknown origin (FUO) in patients underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT imaging, and to explore the significance of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of different types of diseases in FUO patients. Methods:From January 2013 to August 2019, the clinical and PET/CT image data of 466 FUO patients (194 males, 272 females, age: 3-91(52.7±20.9) years) in Peking University People′s Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The etiological distribution of FUO patients was analyzed according to the final clinical diagnosis. PET/CT imaging manifestations were analyzed for different types of diseases in FUO patients. The role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in differential diagnosis for FUO was evaluated through clinical questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using χ2 test. Results:The common disease types in FUO patients were rheumatic and immune disease (48.7%, 227/466), infection (28.5%, 133/466) and malignant tumor (11.2%, 52/466). For PET/CT imaging, 95.5% (445/466) of the patients were positive, of which 313 (70.3%, 313/445) were found to have focal lesions, and the other 132 (29.7%, 132/445) showed only nonspecific abnormal uptake. Lesions in different types of diseases were varied in the location, morphological changes as well as FDG uptake. The results of the questionnaire showed that PET/CT imaging could benefit 95.9% (447/466) of the patients in the FUO diagnosis and treatment. PET/CT reached direct etiological diagnosis of malignant tumors more frequently than other types of diseases ( χ2 values: 14.408-25.466, all P<0.001). PET/CT helped or directly reached the etiological diagnosis of rheumatologic diseases more frequently than infection and unknown cause group( χ2 values: 7.922, 9.647, both P<0.05). Conclusion:18F-FDG PET/CT imaging has high clinical value in the diagnosis of FUO etiology and can provide multilevel diagnostic information.

Objective:To explore the clinical value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT in panniculitis presenting as fever of unknown origin (FUO). Methods:Patients with FUO ( n=503) who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT examination in Peking University People′s Hospital between January 2013 and December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, and those with final diagnosis of panniculitis were enrolled. The clinical and imaging data of patients with panniculitis were evaluated. Results:Five of the 503(0.99%) patients with FUO who underwent PET/CT imaging were diagnosed with panniculitis. Their age ranged from 41 to 76 years, and 3 of them were females. The main clinical manifestation was fever. Laboratory tests showed an increase in erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein. The 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging found localized FDG uptake foci in multiple adipose tissue, with maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max) ranging from 0.8 to 5.0. Those lesions located in subcutaneous adipose tissue ( n=3), mesenteric adipose tissue ( n=3) and other adipose tissue in abdominal cavity and retro peritoneum ( n=1). Diffusely increased FDG uptake of the spleen was found in 4 patients, diffusely increased FDG uptake of bone marrow was found in 3 patients, and multiple reactive hyperplasia lymph nodes was found in 2 patients. In addition, in 2 patients with the scanning field extended to the mid-thigh, high FDG uptake of the polyarticular synovium was also seen. Conclusions:Panniculitis has some characteristics on 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. 18F-FDG PET/CT is helpful for etiological diagnosis of FUO caused by panniculitis.

患儿女,8岁,因1个月前出现下颌骨肿痛、溢脓、皮肤破溃,伴牙齿脱落而就诊.体格检查示患儿发育迟缓,身高90 cm,智力正常.无明确家族史,否认来自高氟地区.为了解局部及全身骨骼病变情况,行99Tcm-MDP骨显像检查.全身平面像示:头颅骨相对增大,放射性摄取普遍增高,下颌骨亦可见放射性浓聚,四肢长骨近关节处呈对称性放射性摄取增高且由关节端向骨干延伸,双肾显影浅淡(图1a)。

Objective To observe the incidence of pulmonary metastasis in osteosarcoma and evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of bone scintigraphy and chest CT in detection of pulmonary metastases and its influential factors. Methods A retrospective study was performed in 178 consecutive patients with osteosarcoma who underwent both bone scintigraphy and chest CT examination simultaneously by using a SPECT/CT instrument. Based on the final clinical diagnosis, incidence of pulmonary metastasis in the group was calculated, and the diagnostic efficacy of bone scintigraphy and chest CT was evaluated, re-spectively. Detection rate of bone scintigraphy was correlated to the status of calcification in metastatic le-sions. Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels was correlated to the occurrence of pulmonary metastasis, calcification status in metastatic lesions and scintigraphic detections. Results Pulmonary metastasis oc-curred in 24.2%patients of all the patients. In the detection of pulmonary metastasis, sensitivity of bone scintigraphy and chest CT was 44.2%and 100%, respectively, and specificity was 100%and 89.6%, re-spectively. Lesion detection on bone scintigraphy was affected by the status of calcification in metastat-ic tumors (χ2=8.4, P<0.01). It was found that the serum ALP levels was correlated to the occurrence of pulmonary metastasis, but not to the calcification or scintigraphic detections. Conclusions The risk of pulmonary metastasis in patients with osteosarcoma is higher. Using SPECT/CT to obtain bone scintigraphy and chest CT simultaneously will have a higher diagnostic value for detection of pulmonary metastasis, es-pecially for those patients who with elevated serum ALP.

目的:比较18F-FDG符合线路显像与血清肿瘤标志物检测对复发性卵巢癌的诊断价值;评价18F-FDG显像与血清肿瘤标志物测定结果的关系.材料与方法:对48例疑有复发的卵巢癌患者行胸-盆腔18F-FDG符合线路显像及血清CA125和CP2测定.18F-FDG显像以扫描野内出现异常放射性浓聚为肿瘤复发依据,CA125和CP2均以≥35U/ml为肿瘤复发指标.依据最终临床诊断评价不同诊断方法对复发性卵巢癌的诊断效能;分析18F-FDG显像与肿瘤标志物有无相关性.结果:本组肿瘤复发者为30例.CA125诊断的灵敏度和特异度分别为53.3%和100.0%,CP2分别为59.1%和81.8%,18F-FDG显像则分别为93.3%和94.4%.18F-FDG显像与CA125和CP2测定结果之间的符合率分别为72.9% (Kappa=0.494,P<0.001)和69.7%(Kappa=0.409,P=0.012);显像真阳性患者中复发肿瘤病灶总体积与血清CA125(r=0.792,P<0.001)和CP2(r=0.521,P=0.018)水平均呈正相关,但病灶FDG摄取程度与血清CA125和CP2水平均无显著相关.结论:血清肿瘤标志物CA125和CP2对复发肿瘤的诊断具有较高特异性,且CA125优于CP2;18F-FDG显像优于血清肿瘤标志物,且检出复发病灶总体积与血清CA125和CP2水平均呈正相关.