目的 观察新型冠状病毒流行的不同时期手外科急诊就诊的特点.方法 统计2020年1月至12月和2019年1月至12月北京积水潭医院手外科就诊患者的资料,将2020年全年数据和2019年数据对比,并把2020年1月至12月中疫情发展不同阶段的数据进行对比,分析疫情对于手外科急诊患者情况的影响.结果 2020年全年的就诊量和手术量均比2019年略有增加;疫情严重时期就诊量显著下降;疫情缓解后就诊量显著反弹.男性和女性患者根据年龄分层后呈现不同的发病规律.结论 新型冠状病毒流行对手外科急诊的就诊量产生巨大影响.疫情控制对于急诊工作的正常开展意义重大.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of ACD-A solution as anticoagulant during continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in high risk of bleeding patients.Methods Forty high risk bleeding patients on continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) were randomly divided into two groups:ACD-A group (22 patients,61 cases) and heparin-free group (18 patients,47 cases).Serum creatinine,function of the coagulation system,electrolyte and acid-base were monitored pre-and post-CVVH.The vital signs of the patients during treatment,dialyser clotting and the incidence of bleeding episodes were recorded.Results (1) The serum level of creatinine decreased significantly after treatment in both groups,but the rate of decrease was obviously higher in ACD-A group than that in heparin-free group[(55.4± 10.2)％ vs (42.0±5.2)％,P=0.031].(2) The average duration of CVVH treatment was (17.3±3.8) h in ACD-A group and (9.7±4.5) h in heparin-free group.There was significant difference between them (P =0.019).The frequency of dialyzer clotting was much higher in heparin-free group than that in ACD-A group (88％ vs 4.9％,P ＜ 0.001).(3) There was no significant difference in the function of the coagulation system between pre-and post-CVVH in either group (P ＞ 0.05).(4) Electrolyte,acid-base and glucose tended to be stable during the treatment in ACD -A group.(5) The vital signs were kept stable and no bleeding episodes were found in all patients of two groups.Conclusions Anticoagulation with ACD-A is safe,effective and convenient for CRRT in critically ill patients at high risk of bleeding.The occurrence of complications can be reduced by configurating appropriate replacement fluid and close laboratory monitoring.

目的:探讨局部体外肝素、枸橼酸及低分子肝素抗凝在危重症患者实施连续性肾脏替代治疗(CRRT)中的有效性和安全性.方法:选择行CRRT治疗患者60例,除外活动性出血及严重凝血功能障碍者,分为3组,局部体外肝素组14例,行CRRT 30例次;枸橼酸组25例,行CRRT 81例次;低分子肝素组21例,行CRRT 53例次.监测治疗前后血肌酐、电解质、酸碱指标、活化部分凝血酶原时间(APTr)及血小板计数(PLT)变化.记录治疗中患者生命体征、血滤器凝血情况及临床出血事件.结果:3组患者治疗后血肌酐均显著下降,组间无显著性差异(P＞0.05),电解质酸碱指标均趋于稳定.低分子肝素组滤器凝血程度较另外2组重(P＜0.05).局部体外肝素组治疗后PLT显著下降(P＜0.05).低分子肝素组治疗后APTT延长、PLT下降(P＜0.05).局部体外肝素组及低分子肝素组均有出血事件发生.结论:局部体外肝素、枸橼酸及低分子肝素抗凝均能有效应用于危重症患者CRRT治疗,加强监测可减少并发症的发生.