水的硬度一般是指水中钙、镁离子沉淀肥皂水化液的能力.硬度分为总硬度、碳酸盐硬度及其他硬度等不同种类,水中钙离子的含量称为钙硬度,镁离子的含量称为镁硬度,两者之和就是人们常说的总硬度.水的硬度关系到水的质量问题,例如长期饮用硬度过高的水可能引起心血管、神经病变,烧开水的口感差,洗漱时造成头发、皮肤干涩等.因此,检测水的硬度十分必要.

To strengthen the safety supervision and management of meat products, further improve the technical ability of inspection and testing institutions to detect nitrite content in meat products, and ensure the provision of accurate and reliable testing data, this work organized and implemented a proficiency testing for the determination of nitrite in meat products. Chicken sausage containing sodium nitrite was prepared and randomly assigned to 42 participating laboratories for nitrite detection. The laboratories were required to return their results for robust statistical analysis. The testing ability of these laboratories was evaluated by Z scores and technical analysis was carried out on the laboratories that provided non-satisfactory results based on the original records. The results showed that the prepared samples were homogeneous and stable, which could meet the requirements of the proficiency testing program. The overall satisfaction rate of the 42laboratories was 81.0%, indicating that they had a good ability to detect the content of nitrite in meat products. The problems of some of the laboratories should be corrected to improve their testing ability.

基于质控考核评价疾控系统实验室蛋白粉中灰分、水分检测技术能力和水平.对全国 52 家疾病预防控制中心检测实验室发放水分、灰分质控考核样品.要求水分参照GB 5009.3-2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中水分的测定》第一、二、三、四法进行检测;灰分参照GB 5009.4-2016《食品安全国家标准 食品中灰分的测定》第一法进行检测.结果显示,水分项目:50 家实验室提交检测结果.其中,49 家实验室结果为满意,满意率为 98%;1 家实验室结果为不满意,占 2%.灰分项目:49 家实验室提交检测结果.其中,47 家实验室结果为满意,满意率为 96.0%;1 家实验室结果为不满意,占 2.0%;1 家实验室结果为可疑,占2.0%.水分、灰分考核结果总体满意率较高,但部分实验室的检验能力有待进一步提高.

面对日趋完善的食品接触材料卫生标准体系,为掌握高锰酸钾消耗量测定的技术要求,做好相应合规性判定,充分发挥能力验证对检验检测机构技术能力监督和质量提升的作用,该文进行了食品接触用塑料材料及制品中高锰酸钾消耗量的测定能力验证.通过定制棕色塑料食品包装瓶作为相关能力验证样品,依据相关标准要求进行均匀性、稳定性评价,对回收结果采用稳健统计技术算法A确定指定值和能力评定标准差,并对可能产生不满意结果的影响因素进行了分析.192家参与该项能力验证的实验室中有179家结果为满意,满意率为93.2％;12家实验室结果为不满意,占6.3％;1家实验室结果为可疑,占0.5％.总体结果较好,个别实验室出现的不合格结果可通过本次能力验证分析查找原因,达到提高实验室相应检测能力的目的.