Purpose: Emerging research indicates a link between the intake of fatty fish and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, observational studies fall short in establishing a direct causal link between oily fish intake and AMD. We wanted to determine whether causal association lies between oily fish intake and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) risk in human beings. Methods: This two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) study used the MR method to probe the genetic causality in the relationship between oily fish intake and AMD. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for AMD were acquired from a Finnish database, whereas the data on fish oil intake came from the UK Biobank. The analysis used several approaches such as inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode MR. In addition, the Cochran's Q test was used to evaluate heterogeneity in the MR data. The MR-Egger intercept and MR-pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) tests were used to assess the presence of horizontal pleiotropy. A leave-one-out sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the reliability of the association. Results: The IVW method revealed that the intake of oily fish is an independent risk factor for AMD (P= 0.034). It also suggested a minimal likelihood of horizontal pleiotropy affecting the causality (P > 0.05), with no substantial heterogeneity detected in the genetic variants (P > 0.05). The leave-one-out analysis confirmed the reliability and stability of this correlation. Conclusions: This research used a two-sample MR analysis to provide evidence of a genetic causal relationship between the eating of oily fish and AMD. This discovery held potential significance in AMD prevention.

Introduction The diabetic macular edema (DME) is a relevant cause of visual impairment in diabetes. The current treatments are limited by high costs, risk of infections and damage to retinal cells. Randomized controlled studies (RCTs) have investigated oral traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) for the treatment of DME. We aimed at determining the efficacy and safety of oral TCMs by systematically reviewing the full set of studies.Methods and analysis Published RCTs will be searched through 12 databases until October 1, 2022. Two investigators will conduct independent literature search, data extraction and assessment of quality. The risk of bias will be judged with the version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. The RevMan software will be utilized to analyze data. Dichotomous data will be assessed by using odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We will evaluate continuous data by using weighted mean differences and 95% CIs. We are going to assess heterogeneity by Cochran’s Q test and the I2 statistics. We plan sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis to identify sources of heterogeneity. Funnel plots, Egger’s tests and Begg’s tests will be also performed.Protocol registration number The study protocol is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022379268).Strengths and limitations ### Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.### Funding StatementThis work is funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant No. 81874491). The funders will not have a role in study design, collection of data, data analysis and preparation of the article.### Author DeclarationsI confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained.YesThe details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below:This is a clinical research design protocolI confirm that all necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived, and that any patient/participant/sample identifiers included were not known to anyone (e.g., hospital staff, patients or participants themselves) outside the research group so cannot be used to identify individuals.YesI understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance).YesI have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines, such as any relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material, if applicable.YesAll data produced in the present work are contained in the manuscript

老年痴呆症是老年患者中最常见的神经退行性疾病,呈进行性加剧,主要包含阿尔茨海默病、血管性痴呆、路易体痴呆等[1]. 1项研究[2]表明,我国60岁及以上人群中老年痴呆症患者达到1,507万例.年龄相关性白内障是最常见的白内障类型,80岁以上的老年人发病率可高达100％.众所周知,我国逐渐进入人口老龄化阶段,老年痴呆症合并年龄相关性白内障的患者亦逐年增加.老年痴呆症患者存在认知障碍,不能表达自己的真实视力状况或被认为是认知障碍导致的视力障碍,往往作为手术的排除标准[3].这使眼科医生越来越多地面临老年痴呆症患者白内障手术指征的选择问题.现报道老年痴呆症合并年龄相关性白内障患者1例,以飨共勉.

Background:Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a valuable and promising research field in eye diseases. However, there are few bibliometric studies in this area. The purpose of this study was to employ bibliometric analysis to visualize the research hotspots and trends of EVs in eye diseases and provide researchers with new perspectives for further studies. Methods:Articles and reviews on EVs in eye diseases published between January 1, 2003 and December 31, 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. Qualitative and quantitative analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel and CiteSpace software. Results:In total, 790 articles were included in the analysis. Over the past 2 decades, there has been a significant increase in the number of publications on the study of EVs in eye diseases. The United States, China, and Italy made the most significant contributions to this field. The Chinese Academy of Sciences was the most productive institution, and International Journal of Molecular Sciences published the most number of articles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America had the highest citation frequency. Beit-Yannai E had the highest output and Thery C had the highest average citation frequency among authors. The analysis of keywords revealed that the neuroprotective effects of stem cell-derived EVs and biomarkers of eye diseases are current research hotspots and frontiers in this field. Conclusion:This study provides a scientific perspective on EVs in eye diseases and provides valuable information for researchers to detect current research conditions, hotspots, and emerging trends for further study.

总结祁宝玉教授行医60载中医眼科方药经验心得.用药方面,祁老师认为"眼位至高,组织精细,脉络深邃",用药需要重视引经药在眼病治疗中的重要作用;治疗内障及久病者用药主张平和,遵循"辨证与辨病相参",在辨证用药的基础上,伍用与眼病症状相应药物.选方上,形成了从传统方剂、眼科专著方剂、自拟经验方剂中选方用药的学术特点.

青光眼是临床难治眼病,视神经病变贯穿于青光眼的发生发展过程,中医治疗具有一定优势.韦企平教授是"韦氏眼科学术流派"第四代中医眼科学术继承人,擅长视神经疾病的诊治.韦老结合多年临床经验,借助先进仪器、结合现代生活和工作环境及个体体质等延伸四诊,中西互参,并结合青光眼视神经病变的病因病机,以舒肝健脾补肾为基本治法,提倡针药并用——"青盲一号方"联合"韦氏三联九针"的治疗方法,为临床提供了新的诊疗思路.

混合性结缔组织病(mixed connective tissue dis-ease,MCTD)是一种伴有多种异常自身抗体的自身免疫性疾病,可累及全身多个系统受累,但视网膜病变在MCTD中少见报道[1],本文报道1例以视力下降为首诊的MCTD,报告如下.