Objective:To study the effects of high intensity flight training on the body metabolism of pilots.Methods:A total of 25 pilots who underwent high intensity flight training were selected into observation group，and 14 pilots who did not undergo any flight mission within two weeks were selected into control group. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry（LC-MS）metabolomics technology was used to analyze their urine and saliva. Principal component analysis（PCA）and partial least squares discriminant analysis（PLS-DA）were used to screen the differential metabolites between groups. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG）database was used to annotate the differential metabolites and carry out enrichment analysis.Results:Compared with the control group，nine metabolites in the observation group were differentially expressed，including agmatine，hypoxanthine，adenine，xanthine，inosine，carnosine，dopamine，5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid，and indole-3-acetic acid. Six main metabolic pathways were involved，including purine metabolism，tryptophan metabolism，histidine metabolism，β-alanine metabolism，tyrosine metabolism，arginine，and proline metabolism.Conclusion:High intensity flight training may cause body metabolic disorder in pilots through multiple metabolic pathways，which may be induced by hypoxia and stress，and may be related to flight fatigue.

Objective:To analyze the incidence of fatigue in the seafarers undertaking long-term maritime work and the correlation between Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM）constitution and fatigue，so as to provide basic data support for formulating constitution conditioning programs.Methods:An epidemiological survey of fatigue and TCM constitution was conducted in 425 males who had been working at sea for 50 days by cross-sectional sampling method with TCM constitution scale and modified Fatigue Impact Scale.Results:The number of people with balanced constitution was the largest，accounting for 49.18%；the top three imbalanced constitutions were qi deficiency constitution（11.29%）， yang deficiency constitution（9.41%），and phlegm dampness constitution（9.18%）. The overall fatigue rate was 16.71%. The fatigue rate of people with balanced constitution was the lowest，accounting for 0.96%；among the people with imbalanced constitutions，the fatigue rate of people with qi stagnation was the highest（58.33%），followed by the people with qi deficiency（45.83%）. Statistical analysis based on the average rank of fatigue scores showed that the fatigue score of the people with balanced constitution was significantly lower than those of the people with imbalanced constitutions（ P<0.05）. Conclusion:Balanced constitution， qi deficiency constitution，and yang deficiency constitution are the common TCM constitution types in the seafarers undertaking long-term maritime work. There is a certain correlation between TCM constitution and fatigue. The people with qi stagnation and qi deficiency constitutions are more prone to fatigue.

Objective:To investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on the prevention of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathic pain (CIPNP), and to observe its mechanism by targeting spinal cannabinoid receptors (CBRs).Methods:A total of 75 male Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (15 rats in each group), i. e. blank control group, CIPNP control group, CIPNP+ HBO group, CIPNP+ HBO+ AM630 group, and CIPNP+ HBO+ AM251 group. The model rats with CIPNP were established by injecting paclitaxel (i.p.). Each group with HBO intervention received the HBO treatment on the second day after each of the 5 times of paclitaxel injection. The CIPNP+ HBO+ AM630 and CIPNP+ HBO+ AM251 groups were administered with AM630 (an antagonist of CBR2) and AM251 (an antagonist of CBR1) respectively before each HBO treatment. The behavioral test was carried out to measure the mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) of rats by von fery filaments before the experiment and every 7 days during the experiment. The expressions of CBR1 and CBR2 were tested by Western blotting. The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was tested by immunohistochemistry (ICH) and Western blotting. And the expressions of inflammatory cytokines in the spinal cord, i. e. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results:Compared with that of the blank control group, the MWT of the CIPNP control group was significantly decreased ( P<0.01), and the difference was most significant [(15.46±2.83) g vs. (4.33±3.53) g; P<0.01] especially on the 21st day of the experiment. The expressions of spinal GFAP, IL-1β, and TNF-α were significantly increased, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Compared with those of the CIPNP control group, the MWT and spinal CBR2 of the CIPNP+ HBO group were significantly increased ( P<0.05), the GFAP, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the spinal cord were significantly decreased ( P<0.05), and the above-mentioned effects could be blocked by intraperitoneal injection of AM630, while there was no such reverse effect after intraperitoneal injection of AM251. Conclusion:HBO can prevent paclitaxel-induced CIPNP, and its mechanism may be related to the activation of spinal CBR2 and then the blocking of the activation of GFAP and the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the spinal cord.

目的 通过对长期连续海上作业人员健康状况及中医体质调查,分析中医体质类型分布特征及变化,为推进和保障该人群身体健康提供流行病学数据的支持.方法 对参加为期50 d的海上工作人员分别于作业前后进行2次中医体质调查,按照《中医体质分类与判定》标准,采用最大值法对数据进行对比分析.结果 调查显示慢性胃炎、下腰痛、睡眠障碍等疾病位居该人群患病前3位;患病人群与长航50 d后整体人群体质比较,平和质(χ2=14.417,P<0.01)比例明显降低,痰湿质(χ2=9.257,P<0.01)、阴虚质(χ2=12.924,P<0.01)比例增高;2次调查显示:平和质、气虚质、阳虚质是该人群常见的中医体质;有3种体质发生了明显变化:平和质(χ2=9.726,P<0.01),较海上作业前比例下降;气虚质(χ2=5.333,P<0.05)、气郁质(χ2=4.800,P<0.05),较海上作业前1 d比例升高.结论 慢性胃炎、下腰痛、睡眠障碍等是困扰海员健康的常见疾病;患病人群中平和质比例降低,痰湿质、阴虚质增高;平和质、气虚质和阳虚质是长期海上作业人员常见的中医体质类型;海上作业时间、年龄与船员体质变化有相关性,且平和质、气虚质、气郁质的变化更明显.

Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors are considered ideal vehicles for human gene therapy. Meanwhile, non-viral strategies, such as transfection agents (TAs), have also shown promise to deliver genetic materials, such as siRNA. Transduction with the rAAV vector is performed concurrently with transfection with plasmid DNA or RNA. In the present study, we report that various TAs inhibited rAAV-mediated transgene expression at diverse levels. Overall, cationic polymers and dendrimers dramatically blocked rAAV transduction, while lipid-based liposomes displayed the least effect. The inhibitory effect was dependent on the dose of TAs and the timing of infection, suggesting that the early stages of viral infection were involved. In addition, the present results indicate that the transgene expression of rAAV vectors was significantly increased by liposome-mediated transfection with adenoviral helper genes. At the same time, this was dramatically inhibited by liposome-mediated transfection with the trichosanthin gene encoding a type I ribosome-inactivating protein isolated from traditional Chinese medicine. Furthermore, liposomes also have little effect on rAAV-mediated transgene expression in vivo. Taken together, these findings suggest liposome as the best choice of TAs, which should be used in combination with rAAV-mediated gene therapy.