Plum (Prunus salicina) is distributed in many parts of China, and is cultivated all over the world. Plum is preferred by consumers due to its high nutritional value. It can serve as table fruit or be processed into various food products. In the 1990s, in order to fully explore the high-quality germ-plasm of plum and breed new plum cultivars with good taste, appearance, size and early maturity, the plum research group of the College of Horticulture (Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University) car-ried out the investigation of Nai plum variety resources in the planting areas across Fujian province and cross breeding. In June 2000, an early maturing bud mutant was found in Baoshang Fruit Garden (E116°09'39.01″, N25°67'52.02″, altitude 453 m) in Shuangqian village, Sibao Town, Liancheng Coun-ty. After many years of multi-point observation, investigation and analysis, the strain showed early ma-turity, high quality, good yield, strong adaptability, short growth cycle and stable excellent characters. Through comprehensive evaluation of fruits and other important economic characters, a new early ma-turing variety Zaofurong with high yield, good fruit quality and strong adaptability was selected. Since 2002, regional pilot demonstration orchards of Zaofurong have been established in different climatic areas of Fujian Province, and systematic observation of biological characteristics and regional ecologi-cal adaptability, and fruit traits and development of cultivation techniques have been carried out. The extensive planting and cultivation of Zaofurong in Fujian Province has effectively improved the plum variety structure and economic profit in Fujian Province. Zaofurong is a new plum cultivar domesticat ed from the germplasm in Shangshi Village, Sibao Town, Liancheng County, Fujian Province. Thefruit is nearly round;the top of the fruit is flat and slightly convex;the stem end is deep, and the su-ture is obvious and symmetrical. The average single fruit weight is 66.55 g and the fruit shape index 0.95. At maturity, the fruit peel is thick and bright red in color, and the pulp is dark red, dense, nearly fiberless, sour and sweet, and palatable. The flesh recovery is 96.1%and the content of soluble solids 12.97%. The maturity period of Zaofurong is from the end of June to the beginning of July, which is 15-20 days earlier than the Furong plum. The yield of adult trees per 666.7 m2 can reach 2 541.9 kg (237 plants per 666.7 m2). Zaofurong has no strict requirements on environmental conditions. The new cultivar is a slow flowering variety and produces a large number of flowers. Before fruiting, some weak and excessive flowers should be removed to reduce the nutrient consumption, which improves fruit set. Attention should be paid on measures to prevent and control diseases and pests in different periods.

以紫色百香果为试材,采后分别用浓度0.2、1、2和5 mmol/L的水杨酸和蒸馏水(对照)浸泡10 min,常温贮藏6、12和18 d后测定其可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、抗坏血酸和可溶性糖等生理指标.结果表明,水杨酸处理18 d可显著提高百香果硬度和商品率,保持良好的外观色泽,并显著降低果实皱缩指数,同时有效延缓果实可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、抗坏血酸和可溶性糖含量的下降,保持较低的固酸比.综合各项指标,1 mmol/L浓度水杨酸处理的保鲜效果更优,果实品质更佳.

基于双瓣茉莉[Jasminum sambac(L.)Aiton]的花、叶转录组,筛选了一个在花朵中高表达且与香气释放规律对应的P450基因进行克隆和表达模式分析.利用cDNA末端快速扩增(RACE)技术获得该基因的5'cDNA序列,与转录组中序列进行拼接并验证,显示该基因是一个含1545 bp的开放阅读框、编码514个氨基酸残基的蛋白.此P450蛋白具有特征性的亚铁血红素结合结构域和半胱氨酸残基,与油橄榄、小叶咖啡等其他植物CYP71A氨基酸序列同源性较高,将其命名为JsCYP71A.遗传进化分析显示,该蛋白与拟南芥P450家族中CYP82亚族CYP82G亲缘关系最近.CYP71A和CYP82G多个成员与萜类香气代谢相关,推测JsCYP71A蛋白有相似功能.JsCYP71A在茉莉花白花苞里的表达量最高,在茎中的表达量较低,在叶片中几乎不表达,茉莉花开放过程中,JsCYP71A在夜间11点和1点表达量高,白天表达量低,与萜类香气物质释放呈正相关.JsCYP71A定位于细胞质中.为获得异源表达蛋白,构建真核表达载体,在酵母BY4742株系中表达JsCYP71A,经Western Blot检测发现株系能成功表达大小约60 kDa的蛋白,为后续JsCYP71A酶学功能分析奠定基础.本研究结果为分析JsCYP71A在茉莉花萜类香气合成代谢中的作用提供参考.