目的 探讨中药临床药师的培养模式.方法 将案例为基础的教学与专题研讨教学法相结合,即带教老师根据案例提出相关问题,组织学员开展专题研讨,按照教学准备、课堂实践、岗位胜任力的评估3个层级进行教学实践;同时,注重学员中医临床思维的培养;最后,指出教学模式中应注意的问题.结果 初步构建和完善了中药临床药师的培养模式.结论 该培养模式改变了以往课堂教学模式,更注重从临床案例中发现问题,同时鼓励学员主动学习、积极讨论,实现双向或多向互动模式,有利于提升学员的实践能力、沟通能力和问题分析能力,提升中药临床药师的专业水平和岗位胜任力.

应用医疗失效模式与效应分析方法,对住院患者静脉用药过程中存在的风险点进行系统挖掘和深入分析,从有效拦截风险医嘱、优化排药工作流程、精准高效调配药物、完善成品输液质检方法、研发调配质量管理软件、规范临床药物应用等方面制订针对性干预措施并严格落实,降低了静脉用药风险,确保了住院患者静脉用药安全.但软件维护、质检结果反馈、人工操作风险管控等,还需持续关注并改进.

目的 总结头孢他啶阿维巴坦(CAZ/AVI)在碳青霉烯类耐药肺炎克雷伯菌(CRKP)感染患儿中的治疗策略及结局,为其在儿童患者中的应用提供参考.方法 收集我院感染CRKP并应用CAZ/AVI的儿童患者案例(4例),结合文献对CAZ/AVI在不同年龄段、不同疾病及感染状态下的治疗情况进行分析.结果 4例患儿疾病类型包括神经、心脏、肾脏系统,CAZ/AVI对各疾病合并CRKP感染的肺部及泌尿系感染具有良好的临床效果.结论 CAZ/AVI推荐参考剂量用于我国CRKP患儿疗效好,安全性高.对于特殊情况下,如肾功能异常时剂量的调整,需结合病情的变化.

Objective To investigate the proangiogenic activities of safflor yellow A (SYA)on bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs)in rats.Methods Bone-marrow-derived EPCs were isolated from rats and cultured.EPCs were treated with SYA at different concentrations(20,40and 60 μg·ml-1).The capacity of EPCs'proliferation,adhesion,migration,tube formation and proangiogenic cytokines expressions were observed in vitro.Results Compared with the control group,different concentrations of SYA could promote the proliferation,adhesion,migration and tube formation of EPCs significantly. Furthermore,the protein expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2(VEGFR-2),basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)and angiopoietin-1(Ang1) were also upregulated markedly in a concentration-dependent manner.Conclusion SYA has potent proangiogenic properties by regulating functions of EPCs.This effect could be attributed to an increased formation of VEGF,VEGFR-2,bFGF and Ang1.