Objective To analyze differences in the indicator framework of the Global Health Security Index(GHSI)and the scores of GHSI indicators for 195 contracting countries of International Health Regulations 2005(IHR2005)between 2019 and 2021.Methods Yearly GHSI evaluation reports and the data on 195 contracting countries of IHR2005 on GHSI indicator scores for years of 2019 and 2021 were downloaded from official GHSI website()and changes in GHSI indicator framework and contracting country-specific scores of GHSI indicators were analyzed.Paired T-test was used to compare between-year differences in and correlations of country-specific scores of GHSI indicators.General linear regression was adopted to assess the collinearities and correlations between total score and scores of primary/secondary indicators of GHSI for 195 contracting countries of IHR2005 in 2021.Results In 2021,the average GHSI score was 38.9(in a scale with 5 categories and the maximum score of 100)for the 195 contracting countries of IHR2005 nearly the same as that(40.2)of 2019;none of the 195 contracting countries was assessed as having the GHSI score of the optimum grade(the scores of＞80)and 66.7％of the countries were scored below 40,with a median score of 34.9.Compared to that of 2019,the GSHI 2021 index framework was supplemented with 3 secondary indicators,11 tertiary indicators,and 31 questions.The results of paired T-test showed that the average score of GHSI for the 195 contracting countries in 2021 was increased by 0.1 point against that of 2019,but the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).In comparison with those in 2019,following average scores decreased significantly for primary indicators of preventing the emergence or spread of pathogens(reduced by 0.6,t=-2.413;P＜0.05)and rapidly responding to/reducing disease transmission(by 4.0,t=-9.402;P＜0.05),secondary indicators of zoonosis prevention(by 4.8,t=-6.590;P＜0.001)and trade and travel restrictions(by 58.3,t=-33.158;P＜0.001).There were strong correlations between country-specific scores of secondary indicators of 2019 and those of 2021,except for the score of trade and travel restrictions(r=0.117)and the score of implementing response plan(r=0.237).General linear regression analysis showed that there was no collinearity among the country-specific scores of 6 primary indicators in 2021,but the total scores of all indicators were significantly correlated with the scores of 6 primary indicators(P＜0.05 for all).Conclusion Based on the assessment using GHSI scores,none of the 195 IHR2005 contracting countries is well prepared for the next probable disease pandemic and the ability to prevent and respond to public health emergencies needs to be improved for the countries.

The two inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, CoronaVac and BBIBP-CorV, have been widely used to control the COVID-19 pandemic. The influence of multiple factors on inactivated vaccine effectiveness (VE) during long-term use and against variants is not well understood. We selected published or preprinted articles from PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, medRxiv, BioRxiv, and the WHO COVID-19 database by 31 August 2022. We included observational studies that assessed the VE of completed primary series or homologous booster against SARS-CoV-2 infection or severe COVID-19. We used DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models to calculate pooled estimates and conducted multiple meta-regression with an information theoretic approach based on Akaike’s Information Criterion to select the model and identify the factors associated with VE. Fifty-one eligible studies with 151 estimates were included. For prevention of infection, VE associated with study region, variants, and time since vaccination; VE was significantly decreased against Omicron compared to Alpha (P = 0.021), primary series VE was 52.8

Objective To investigate the quality of life and its influencing factors among HIV-infected college students among men who have sex with men（MSM）, so as to provide the evidence for improving the quality of life among HIVinfected MSM college students. Methods HIV-infected MSM college students were sampled from those with follow-up management by Shaanxi, Chongqing and Guangdong Centers for Disease Control and Prevention using a convenience sampling method, and participants’ demographics, AIDS-related knowledge, attitude and practice were collected using questionnaire surveys. The scores for physical, psychological, social and environmental domains, and the overall quality of life were measured using the Chinese version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief（WHOQOLBREF）, and their influencing factors were identified using a multivariable linear regression model. Results Totally 182HIV-infected MSM college students were enrolled, including 39 students from Shaanxi Province, 48 students from Chongqing Municipality and 95 students from Guangdong Province. The participants had a median age of 21 years（interquartile range, 3 years）, and included 128 students with a degree of bachelor and above（70.33%）. The score for the overall quality of life score was（15.54±2.61） points, and the scores for physical, psychological, social and environmental domains were（14.53±2.28）,（14.26±2.51）,（14.14±2.56） points and（14.51±2.15） points, respectively. Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that awareness of AIDS-related knowledge affected the overall quality of life（β’=0.175）, educational level（β’=0.188） and number of male sexual partners in the past six months（β’=-0.161） affected the quality of life in the physiological domain, attitudes towards commercial sexual behaviors between men and men affected the quality of life in the psychological domain（β’=0.149）, and the study area（Shaanxi: β’=-0.211; Chongqing: β’=-0.150） and awareness of AIDS-related knowledge（β’=0.197） affected the quality of life in the environmental domain. Conclusions The overall quality of life is high among HIV-infected MSM college students. Area, educational level, awareness of AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes towards commercial sexual behaviors between men and men and number of male sexual partners are main factors affecting the quality of life among HIV-infected MSM college students.

目的 评估2022年11月在我国大陆地区发生或者可能由境外输入的突发公共卫生事件风险.方法 根据国内外突发公共卫生事件报告及重点传染病监测等各种资料和部门通报信息,采用专家会商法,并通过视频会议形式邀请省(自治区、直辖市)疾病预防控制中心专家参与评估.结果 预计11月突发公共卫生事件报告数将较10月上升.我国将持续面临新型冠状病毒肺炎本土疫情传播扩散和境外病毒输入造成本土传播的双重压力.预计今冬明春我国南北方省份依然会出现季节性流行性感冒(流感)的高发,多个型别和亚型共同流行.11月诺如病毒肠炎暴发起数可能会明显上升.结论 对新型冠状病毒肺炎予以特别关注,对季节性流感和诺如病毒肠炎予以一般关注.

Objective:Investigating and analyzing the clinical medical students' evaluation on importance and satisfaction of their university, so as to find out the advantages of their undergraduate education and the areas that need to be improved.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among 257 clinical medical students enrolled in 2015 in X University to evaluate on the importance and satisfaction of the university. The importance-satisfaction matrix was used to analyze the survey results.Results:The total score of students' evaluation on the importance and satisfaction of undergraduate education was 3.95 and 3.82 respectively. The importance (2.91) of PBL teaching and its satisfaction (3.21) were both lower than others. The importance-satisfaction matrix showed that the courses, teachers and atmosphere of X University were in the competitive advantage area, but the scientific research training/guidance in all stages, logistics support, experimental courses and hardware facilities in basic and clinical stages, and internship in clinical stage were those need urgent improvement.Conclusions:The investigated students in X University have insufficient understanding of the importance of PBL teaching. The university has advantages in curriculum, teachers and learning environment, but there is still space for improvement in scientific research training/guidance in all stages, logistics support, experimental courses and hardware facilities in basic and clinical stages and internship training.

目的 系统梳理新一轮医药卫生体制改革以来农村基本医疗卫生服务综合评价指标体系,基于PHCPI概念框架(primary health care performance initiative conceptual framework)探寻目前评价指标普遍关注的内容和可能被忽略的评价内容,为后续科学、全面地评价农村基本医疗卫生服务提供参考依据.方法 通过中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普中文科技期刊数据库检索2∞9---2019年有关农村基本医疗卫生服务综合评价指标体系的文献,基于SPIDER规范制定纳入排除标准,采用批判评估技术方案对纳入文献进行质量评价,运用框架合成法,选取PHCPI概念框架对纳入的文献进行归纳和总结.结果 共纳入25篇文献,总体质量良好.评价体系中的指标可分为5个一级领域、16个二级领域、24个三级领域指标.综合对比各领域对应指标的文献数,卫生资金、效率等领域对应指标的文献数较多,均有20篇左右的文献,高于其他多数领域;投入、产出和结果的相应领域中,近85％的领域对应指标的文献在15篇及以上;服务提供的各领域中,仅18％左右的领域对应指标的文献达到15篇,40％以上领域对应指标的文献未超过5篇.结论 农村基本医疗卫生服务综合评价体系对经济效益相关指标关注度较高,投入、产出和结果多数领域的指标重合度较高,评价体系对服务提供领域的关注度较低且内容分散.今后可加强对社会效益和服务提供相关指标的探索,以全面、综合地评价农村基本医疗卫生服务.

初级卫生保健贯穿农村卫生事业的发展历程,在不同的发展阶段中初级卫生保健均发挥了重要作用,推动农村卫生迸发出新的活力.新时期以来,初级卫生保健坚持国际认同的理念,被赋予新责任的同时不断取得令人瞩目的成绩,展现出一个高质量初级卫生保健体系所应具备的特征.展望未来,我国初级卫生保健在坚持中国特色的同时,需要进一步将中国经验向国际推广.