探讨新冠疫情期间ICU患者家属对疫情发展、防控知识的认知及此突发事件对家属造成的心理影响,通过精准培训有针对性地向家属科普防控知识,提升ICU患者家属防护的能力,从而有效降低焦虑水平.采用自制的患者家属新冠知识了解程度及焦虑状况调查表,计数变量采用频数及百分比进行统计描述,组间比较采用卡方检验,采用SPSS 23.0统计软件进行统计分析发现:在宣教前后除了新型冠状病毒肺炎的个人防护知识、六步洗手法的正确操作、触摸公共区域物品后需洗手、相信患者会治愈成功这4条调查项目在培训前后无统计学差异(P>0.05),其余条目均有改善,尤其是焦虑状况宣教前后显著改善(P<0.001).因此发挥好医务人员向公众普及疫情防控科普知识的责任,对促进ICU患者家属的心理健康具有积极的作用.

Objective:To explore the effect of aerobic exercise combined with diet management on volume overload and cardiac function in patients with peritoneal dialysis.Methods:A total of 100 patients who received peritoneal dialysis in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi ′an Jiaotong University from August 2017 to March 2019 were recruited in the present study. Patients were randomly divided into intervention group and control group according to the random number table (50 cases in each group). The control group received routine nursing, while the intervention group carried out aerobic exercise combined with diet management on the basis of routine nursing. Before and after 6 months of intervention, the volume status, edema degree and cardiac function were compared between the two groups. Results:After 6 months of intervention, the levels of body weight, 24 h urine volume, 24 h ultrafiltration volume, systolic pressure, extracellular water, and extracellular water/total body water were (58.99 ± 7.30) kg, (366.41 ± 66.92) ml, (565.08 ± 102.24) ml, (142.64 ± 11.70) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), (12.30 ± 2.01) L, 0.39 ± 0.08 in the intervention group, significantly lower than in the control group (63.46 ± 12.90) kg, (431.90 ± 78.92) ml, (625.35 ± 91.31) ml, (150.11 ± 11.44) mmHg, (14.37 ± 4.12) L, 0.43 ± 0.07, the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 2.026-4.208, all P<0.05); the left ventricular ejection fractions, E/A were (61.38 ± 9.42)%, 1.15 ± 0.35 in the intervention group, significantly higher than in the control group (57.04 ± 7.83)% and 1.00 ± 0.29, the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 2.358, 2.113, all P<0.05). After 6 months of intervention, the normal ratio increased and Ⅲ grade ratio decreased in the intervention group, the difference of edema degree between the two groups was statistically significant ( Z value was 3.153, P<0.01). Conclusions:Aerobic exercise combined with diet management can effectively control the volume overload status and improve the cardiac function of patients with peritoneal dialysis.

目的 通过对ICU临床护士沟通技能培训后焦虑水平的调查分析,探索有针对性的沟通技能培训,以减轻ICU护士焦虑.方法 利用基本信息调查表和相关量表对所有研究对象进行沟通技能及焦虑水平的调查,采用Excel软件建立数据库,使用统计软件SPSS 18.0进行统计分析.结果 ICU护士沟通技能评分平均为(108.6±7.41)分.沟通技能未达到良好的护士比例为19.4％.干预前,焦虑评分平均为(44.9±0.86)分,最低29分,最高64分,针对存在的主要沟通问题进行培训,干预后3个月及6个月,干预组焦虑评分平均分别为(37.64±6.38)分和(34.61±6.38)分,而对照组焦虑评分在干预后3个月和6个月时平均为(42.39±6.73)分和(39.58±6.84)分,焦虑改善有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 在ICU护士中针对问题开展沟通技能培训可有效地改善其焦虑状况,建议应当将其纳入ICU护士常规培训中,以改善护士职业健康,提高工作绩效.