[Objective]This study aimed to screen key sugar metabolism indicators for evaluating sweetness quality in vegetable soybean during the early seed filling stage,thereby establishing an evaluation system and clarifying its physiological basis.[Method]Nine vegetable soybean varieties predominantly cultivated in the Huaibei region of Jiangsu Province were used as materials.Twenty sugar metabolism-related indicators in leaves,podshells,seed coats,and embryos were measured at the R5.5 stage(characterized by flat fresh seeds that had not yet fully filled the pods),and sweetness sensory scores were evaluated at the R6.2 stage(when fresh seeds fully filled the pods and were plump).A sweetness prediction model was constructed using correlation analysis and stepwise regression,and its accuracy was validated.Furthermore,path analysis and dynamic changes analysis were employed to elucidate the regulatory characteristics of key indicators on sweetness.[Result]The prediction model for seed sweetness established based on sugar metabolism indicators in different organs at the R5.5 stage,was:Sweetness value=0.078+0.029×Leaf sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS)activity-0.162×Podshell starch content-0.051×Podshell sucrose synthase(SuSy)activity+0.049×Seed coat cell wall-bound invertase(CWIN)activity+0.081×Embryo SPS activity.The coefficient of determination(R2)of the model was 0.9660,and the predicted values fitted well with the measured values(R2=0.9657).Path analysis revealed that embryo SPS activity(0.4926),leaf SPS activity(0.3652),and seed coat CWIN activity(0.2708)exhibited the strongest positive direct effects on sweetness,constituting a positive"source-flow-sink"driving pathway.Conversely,podshell starch content(-0.4189)and podshell SuSy activity(-0.2915)showed negative direct effects,acting as regulators of carbon flux distribution.Dynamic analysis indicated that embryo SPS activity,seed coat CWIN activity,and embryo sucrose content peaked synchronously at the R6.2 stage,while podshell starch content and podshell SuSy activity decreased continuously throughout seed filling,showing a dynamic correlation with embryo sucrose accumulation.[Conclusion]This study constructed a predictive model for sweet taste quality based on multi-organ sugar metabolism indicators at the R5.5 stage.Through validation with an independent sample,it was confirmed that the model can accurately predict the sweet taste quality of seeds at the R6.2 stage.This method shifts the evaluation time forward to the early stage of seed filling,providing technical support for addressing the challenges of low breeding efficiency and inefficient production-marketing coordination in vegetable soybean.The study clarifies the roles of"source-flow-sink"synergistic driving and podshell starch degradation in sweet taste formation,laying a physiological foundation for the application of this technology.

【Objective】This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) priming on lateral root growth of soybean during the emergence stage under drought stress and to elucidate the associated physiological mechanisms involving sugar and respiratory metabolism in lateral roots, thereby providing a theoretical basis and technical approach for drought-resistant soybean cultivation.【Method】Using the stable soybean line 'Xu 9302' as the material, soil relative water content (RWC) was controlled by the pot-weighing method. Four treatments were established: non-primed + non-stress (NP+CK, RWC 75%), non-primed + drought stress (NP+D, RWC 50%), hydro-primed + drought stress (HP+D, RWC 50%), and 5 μmol/L NAA-primed + drought stress (NAA+D, RWC 50%). This study investigated the effects of different priming treatments on soybean emergence rate, hypocotyl growth and lateral root development at the emergence stage under drought stress. Additionally, it analyzed the regulatory effects of NAA priming on the contents of starch, sucrose, and soluble sugars, the respiratory rate and the activities of key enzymes in related metabolic pathways in lateral roots.【Result】Compared with the NP+CK treatment, drought stress significantly inhibited the growth of both primary and lateral roots in soybean. The NAA+D treatment significantly alleviated the reduction in dry mass and length of lateral roots, which increased by 16.3%-55.6% and 32.8%-88.0%, respectively, compared to the NP+D treatment. The NAA+D treatment also promoted hypocotyl growth and seedling establishment, with hypocotyl length, RWC, and seedling emergence rate increasing by 28.9%, 12.9, and 19.9 percentage points, respectively, relative to the NP+D treatment. There were no significant differences between the HP+D and NP+D treatments in lateral root dry mass, lateral root length, hypocotyl RWC, hypocotyl length, or emergence rate. Mechanistically, NAA priming promoted the accumulation of starch, soluble sugars, and sucrose by enhancing the activities of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), β-amylase, sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), sucrose synthase (SuSy), and acid invertase (AI) in lateral roots. Under the NAA+D treatment, the levels of these three compounds increased significantly by 15.8%-25.0%, 13.5%-18.6%, and 17.8%-32.9%, respectively, compared to the NP+D treatment. Furthermore, NAA priming effectively alleviated the inhibitory effects of drought stress on the respiration rate and the activities of phosphofructokinase (PFK) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) in lateral roots of soybean seedlings. Under the NAA+D treatment, the respiration rate, PFK activity, and MDH activity were significantly increased by 27.0%-35.2%, 21.8%-46.9%, and 25.7%-45.9%, respectively, relative to the NP+D treatment.【Conclusion】Under drought stress, NAA priming coordinately enhanced carbon reserve and respiratory metabolism in lateral roots, thereby directing carbon flux toward osmoregulatory substances and its efficient conversion into growth energy, which ultimately promoted lateral root development and seedling establishment in soybean.

Soybean is considered one of the most drought-sensitive crops, and ROS homeostasis can regulate drought tolerance in these plants. Understanding the mechanism of H2O2 homeostasis and its regulatory effect on drought stress is important for improving drought tolerance in soybean. We used different concentrations of polyethylene glycol (PEG) solutions to simulate the progression from weak drought stress (0.2%, 0.5%, and 1% PEG) to strong drought stress (5% PEG). We investigated the responses of the soybean plant phenotype, ROS level, injury severity, antioxidant system, etc., to different weak drought stresses and subsequent strong drought stresses. The results show that drought-treated plants accumulated H2O2 for signaling and exhibited drought tolerance under the following stronger drought stress, among which the 0.5% PEG treatment had the greatest effect. Under the optimal treatment, there was qualitatively describable H2O2 homeostasis, characterized by a consistent increasing amplitude in H2O2 content compared with CK. The H2O2 signal formed under the optimum treatment induced the capacity of the antioxidant system to remove excess H2O2 to form a primary H2O2 homeostasis. The primary H2O2 homeostasis further induced senior H2O2 homeostasis under the following strong drought and maximized the improvement of drought tolerance. These findings might suggest that gradual drought training could result in stepwise H2O2 homeostasis to continuously improve drought tolerance.

Drought stress is an important constraint for the germination of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) seeds and seedling establishment. A pot experiment was conducted to determine the effects of priming soybean seeds with 5 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and the mechanism responsible for the induced tolerance of drought stress (soil relative water content of 55%). NAA priming inhibited drought-induced oxidative damage in seeds, and further analysis indicated that it induced an early spike in hydrogen peroxide content by the upregulation of abscisic acid-dependent GmRbohC2, resulting in an enhancement of antioxidant capacity. Moreover, NAA priming also improved the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol (TAG) to sucrose in stressed cotyledons by causing a 2- to 5-fold increase in the transcript levels of GmSDP1, GmACX2, GmMFP2, GmICL, GmMLS, GmGLI1, GmPCK1, GmFBPase1, GmSPS1 and GmSPS2. Consistently, it upregulated the expression levels of GmSUT1, GmCWINV1 and GmMST2 under drought stress, thus enhancing the transport of sucrose from cotyledons to embryonic axes, providing carbon skeletons and energy for axis growth. The seed germination percentage increased by 208.1% at 21 h after sowing, and seedling establishment percentage increased by 47.8% at 14 days after sowing. Collectively, the positive effects of NAA priming on seed germination and seedling establishment can be attributed to enhanced antioxidant ability in seeds, TAG mobilization in cotyledons and sucrose transport from cotyledons to embryonic axes under drought stress.

研究弱干旱胁迫下H2O2稳态调控大豆抗旱性的信号作用,为大豆抗旱栽培提供理论依据.以大豆科丰1号为材料,用0.5％和5％的PEG-6000模拟不同程度的干旱,测定干旱胁迫下大豆叶片中相对含水量、膜脂过氧化程度、活性氧水平、抗氧化酶活性以及抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽(AsA-GSH)循环中抗氧化剂含量及相关酶活性.结果表明:干旱胁迫增加了大豆叶片中活性氧的含量,促进了叶片膜脂过氧化,降低了叶片相对含水量;弱干旱胁迫下叶片H2O2积累并在抗氧化酶和抗氧化剂的共同作用下形成持续的稳态,产生信号作用,诱导植株在更强干旱胁迫下抗氧化酶活性以及AsA含量的进一步提高,显著降低了丙二醛和H2O2含量,提高了抗旱性,维持了叶片相对含水量的稳定.该信号作用同时具备时效性,会随着弱胁迫时间的延长而减弱.

籽仁蔗糖含量是影响花生食味品质的重要因素.为了建立花生籽仁中蔗糖含量的高效检测技术,本研究采集了 149份花生籽仁的近红外光谱,结合化学法测定籽仁蔗糖含量,采用偏最小二乘法(PLS)构建花生籽仁蔗糖含量近红外预测群体模型.结果显示,预测模型的决定系数(R2)为0.898,校正标准偏差(SEC)为0.253,20份外部验证材料的预测值和化学值的R2为0.873,预测模型具有较高的可信度,运用该模型筛选徐花17号诱变群体,从1 965份M2单株籽仁中获得47分的突变体.本研究为优质食味花生种质资源的筛选和品种选育奠定了基础.

以303份黄淮海地区大豆种质资源为研究对象,利用变异系数和Shannon-Weaver多样性指数对11个农艺性状和2个品质性状进行多样性分析,通过主成分、相关性以及逐步回归分析对大豆种质资源进行综合评价和评价指标筛选,为黄淮海大豆种质创新和品种选育提供参考.结果表明:13个性状变异系数的变化范围为5.52％～27.61％,生育日数、每荚粒数、蛋白含量、脂肪含量等4个性状较稳定,株高、单株粒数、单株荚数、单株粒重、百粒重等5个性状变异丰富;13个性状多样性指数变化范围为1.9906～2.0956.聚类分析将303份大豆种质资源分为7个类群,其中第V类群综合性状最好,可作为黄淮海大豆育种的优质亲本.主成分分析将13个性状简化为4个主成分,累积贡献率为75.051％,第1主成分与单株荚数、粒数有关;第2主成分与蛋白质、脂肪含量有关;第3主成分与籽粒大小有关;第4主成分与单株产量有关.303份大豆种质资源综合评价F值均值为0.549,ZDD04189涟水天鹅蛋的F值最高(0.935),ZDD23089晋品42的F值最低(0.207).通过逐步回归分析得到生育日数、株高、单株粒数、单株粒重、蛋白质含量等5个表型性状,可以作为黄淮海大豆种质表型综合评价的主要指标.

【Objective】The objective of this study was to explore the evaluation methods of edible quality of roasted peanuts, screen identification indexes, establish prediction model, and provide basis for peanut edible quality breeding.【Method】The kernels of 51 peanut varieties (lines) with different quality types were used as experimental materials. A total of 27 edible quality indexes related to tastes, appearances, textures and nutrition of roasted kernels were measured. Correlation analysis and principal component analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate the edible quality of roasted peanut kernels. Cluster analysis was used to classify edible quality of 51 peanut varieties (lines). Regression analysis were used to establish predictive model and index screening.【Result】27 indexes had different ranges of variation in 51 peanut varieties (lines), with coefficients of variation ranging from 5.86% to 39.65%. There were significant or extremely significant related indexes for each individual index. The correlation coefficients of 175 groups reached significant level, and the 140 groups reached extremely significant level. The 27 individual indexes were converted into 5 independent comprehensive indexes through principal component analysis, and their contribution rates respectively were 35.70%, 20.63%, 10.07%, 8.19% and 6.38%, representing the information of 80.97% of all data. The comprehensive evaluation analysis showed that the average F value of the roasted edible quality of 51 peanut varieties (lines) was 0.76. Xuhuatian 29 had the highest F value (F=1.51) and the best roasting edible quality. Xuhua 15 had the lowest F value (F=0.03) and the worst roasting edible quality. The correlation analysis showed that 21 indexes were significantly correlated with F value. Cluster analysis was performed on the comprehensive value F of peanut roasting edible quality, and 51 varieties (lines) were divided into 3 categories. The first category was of good edible quality, including 4 varieties of Xuhuatian 29, Jihuatian 1, Linhua 16 and Xuhuatian 30. The second category was of general edible quality and contained 33 varieties (lines). The third category was of poor edible quality and contained 14 varieties (lines). Using stepwise regression analysis method, the prediction model of roasting edible quality was established as: Y=0.979+ 0.021X7+0.081X21+0.009X20-0.034X19-0.074X27 (R2=0.953). Then, 5 identification indexes were screened, which were the hundred kernel weight, sucrose content, protein content, fat content and behenic acid content. The analysis of characteristics showed that the four varieties with good roasting edible quality had medium to high hundred kernel weight, high sucrose content, medium protein content, low fat content, and low to medium behenic acid content. According to the prediction model, this category varieties still need to be improved to increase protein content and reduce behenic acid content.【Conclusion】Hundred kernel weight, sucrose content, protein content, fat content and behenic acid content could be used to identify the edible quality of roasted peanuts. It is determined that high-quality roasted peanut varieties should have the characteristics of medium to large kernels, high oleic acid content, high sucrose content, high protein content, low fat content and low behenic acid content.

MicroRNA393 (miR393) has been shown to regulate plant water stress tolerance through an auxin signaling pathway. However, its role in soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) has not yet been reported. Here, we examined the expression pattern of miR393 family members and their target gene GmTIR1 in water-stressed roots. Subsequently, we analyzed the functions of miR393 in the regulation of water stress tolerance and its relationship with GmTIR1 and abscisic acid (ABA) using a transgenic hairy root assay. Under water stress, miR393 family genes exhibited diverse expression patterns. Overexpression and knockdown analysis demonstrated that miR393a reduced water stress tolerance as measured by root vigor, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), and relative water content (RWC). Moreover, miR393a also caused down-regulation of GmTIR1A and GmTIR1B expression, an early decrease in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels, early and late declines in ABA content and antioxidant activities, and a late elevation of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in stressed hairy roots. However, overexpression and RNAi analyses showed that GmTIR1A and GmTIR1B triggered an early increase in H2O2, a rise in antioxidant activities during the early and late stages, a late decline in H2O2 and MDA contents, and a rise in root vigor, Pn, and RWC under water stress. Similarly, exogenously supplied ABA caused early H2O2 accumulation, early and late increases in antioxidant capacity, and a late decrease in oxidative damage in stressed miR393a-overexpressing roots. Therefore, our study presents a valuable model in which miR393a prevents early GmTIR1- and ABA-dependent increases in H2O2 and thus triggers a rise in antioxidant capacity, root vigor, RWC, and Pn, consequently decreasing water stress tolerance.

为探明花期高温对大豆结荚和产量的影响及其生理机制,以大豆品种濉科12为材料,于盛花期(R2)在大棚内进行连续3 d高温处理(9:00-16:00,45±2℃;16:00—次日9:00,自然环境温度),研究盛花期高温胁迫对大豆结荚状况、荚和荚柄内部解剖结构、荚的氧化胁迫和产量构成的影响.结果表明:盛花期高温对大豆叶片的影响是非延续性的且对后期的"源"没有影响,但会导致受高温影响的花后期形成荚的H2O2和MDA含量上升;部分荚的荚柄细胞崩溃呈丝状、荚壳维管束变稀疏,导致"流"不畅,籽粒内部细胞中空,减少"库"的数量,造成落荚,空瘪荚、缺粒荚增多,总粒数减少,粒重降低,产量下降;副花序可在一定程度上补偿高温带来的产量损失.因此盛花期高温对大豆"流"和"库"造成影响,最终导致减产.

为筛选高油酸花生萌发期耐冷鉴定指标,构建高油酸花生萌发期耐冷性综合评价体系,挖掘高油酸花生耐冷种质资源。本研究利用隶属函数法、主成分因子分析法、相关性分析及聚类分析法对56份高油酸花生种质资源进行耐冷性综合评价及耐冷种质筛选。结果表明,11个耐冷鉴定指标按贡献率大小依次为露白萌发因子、发芽时间因子及子叶鲜重因子,发芽指数及萌发耐冷指数可以作为高油酸花生萌发期耐冷性的最优鉴定指标,高油酸花生种质资源萌发期耐冷性强弱受多指标影响。高油酸花生萌发期耐冷性状综合评价D值范围为0.080～0.754,均值为0.497,不同高油酸花生品种萌发期耐冷性存在较大差异。56份高油酸花生种质资源分为5个耐冷级别,筛选到萌发期耐冷较强材料1份、中等耐冷材料20份、耐冷较差材料29份、耐冷差材料5份及冷敏感型材料1份。本试验筛选到的耐冷种质可以作为高油酸花生耐冷育种和耐冷机理的研究材料。本研究为探明高油酸花生种质资源耐冷性提供了理论参考。

The present study showed that pretreatment of triadimefon（TDM）,a triazole compound,could improve tolerance of soybean seedlings to subsequent water stress.TDM pretreatment resulted in early and late rise in superoxide dismutase（SOD）and catalase（CAT）activities,and upregulation of ascorbate（As A）content in non-stressed and water-stressed seedlings,leading to late increase in net photosynthetic rate（Pn）,late decrease in hydrogen peroxide（H 2 O 2 ）and electrolyte leakage in stressed ones.These TDM-induced changes were blocked by application of abscisic acid（ABA）biosynthesis inhibitor tungstate,which inhibited early rise of ABA and H 2 O 2 contents in non-stressed and stressed seedlings.However,ABA pretreatment overcomed the effects of this inhibitor.Application of NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium（DPI）,polyamine oxidase（PAO）inhibitor 2-hydroxyethylhydrazine（2-HEH）and H 2 O 2 scavenger dimethylthiourea（DMTU）prevented early TDM-induced rise of H 2 O 2 content.DPI,2-HEH and DMTU also decreased SOD,CAT and As A levels,but did not affect ABA content during early and late phases in both seedlings pretreated with TDM.In addition,these chemicals decreased Pn,and increased H 2 O 2 content and electrolyte leakage during late phase in TDM-pretreated stressed seedlings.Overall,these results indicated that TDM pretreatment alleviated adverse effects of water stress on soybean seedlings,which was at least in part,due to increase of antioxidant capacity and decrease of oxidative damage induced by early ABA-dependent H 2 O 2 generation.

Two soybean (Glycine max) varieties Xudou 18 (waterlogging-sensitive) and Nannong 1138-2 (waterlogging-tolerant) were used to study the regulation effect of spraying sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) on photosynthetic indexes, activities of sucrose-metabolizing enzymes of leaves and contents of carbohydrates in leaves, roots and nodules. The results showed that waterlogging stress resulted in an obvious decrease in shoot dry weight, root dry weight and nodule dry weight of soybean plants, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), transpiration rate (Tr) of leaves, starch content of roots and sucrose and starch contents of nodules. Nannong 1138-2 had smaller decrease in plant dry weight, gas exchange parameters and starch content of roots than Xudou 18, while there was a similar change in sucrose and starch contents of nodules between two varieties. Conversely, waterlogging stress significantly increased sucrose phosphate synthetase (SPS), sucrose synthetase (SS) (synthesis), SS (cleavage), acid invertase (AI) activities and solube sugars, sucrose and starch contents of leaves and solube sugars and sucrose contents of roots. Nannong1138-2 exhibited smaller increase in activities of SS (cleavage), AI and concentrations of solube sugars, sucrose and starch of leaves, but a greater increase in SPS and SS (synthesis) activities of leaves. DDTC treatment increased plant dry weight of two varieties under waterlogging stress, and thus alleviated the growth inhibition of waterlogging stress on soybean plants. DDTC treatment increased gas exchange parameters of leaves, the activities of SPS and SS (synthesis) and decreased the activity of SS (cleavage) of leaves, and further improving the transportation of sucrose from leaves to roots and nodules under waterlogging stress. In addition, DDTC treatment increased soluble sugars, sucrose and starch contents of roots and sucrose and starch contents of nodules, indicating that DDTC treatment played an important role in the regulation of growth and physiological process of carbon metabolism of soybean plants under waterlogging stress.

连作障碍是花生生产面临的突出问题,为建立更合理的花生轮作制度,对4个不同花生品种在水稻—花生轮作模式下的生长发育、产量性状和田间病虫草害进行调查分析.结果表明4个品种在水稻—花生轮作模式下出苗率不受影响,生育期延长,营养生长更旺盛;单株饱果数、百果质量、百仁质量、出仁率均有所提高,产量分别提高20.7％、23.6％、22.8％和18.5％,生育期短的小果型品种增产幅度更大.另外,水稻—花生轮作可以显著降低花生叶斑病病级和地下害虫的数量.水稻—花生轮作是一种合理的种植模式.

分析花生种质资源表型性状的变异规律,构建花生种质资源的综合评价体系,筛选最优的评价指标.本研究以40份花生种质资源的17个表型性状为研究对象,利用变异系数与Shannon-Weaver指数对表型性状的多样性进行分析,采用聚类分析、主成分分析以及逐步回归分析对花生种质资源进行了综合评价和鉴定指标的筛选.结果表明:17个表型性状的变异系数变化范围为4.15％～31.82％,油酸、亚油酸以及蔗糖含量等性状变异丰富,出仁率、粗脂肪及蛋白质含量等性状较稳定;多样性指数变化范围为1.39 ～2.06,主茎高、百仁重及蛋白质含量等性状分布比较均匀,油酸、亚油酸及棕榈酸等性状分级及分布较不均匀.聚类分析把40份花生种质资源分为4个类群.主成分分析把17个表型性状归为5个主成分(累计贡献率80.41％,反映出17个表型性状的大部分信息),依次为花生籽粒含油量因子、籽粒含糖量因子及丰产性因子,以上因子可以较准确的评价花生种质.花生种质表型性状的综合评价由F值大小判定,F值均值为0.73,开农176的F值最高,阜花12号的F值最低.由逐步回归分析筛选出8个表型性状:单株鲜果重、百果重、出仁率、粗脂肪、蛋白质含量、棕榈酸、油酸和蔗糖含量.花生种质资源遗传多样性较丰富,综合评价F值可以为花生种质资源评价提供参考,筛选的8个表型性状可以作为花生种质资源性状评价指标.

With pot experiment,two soybean (Glycine max) varieties,Jindou 21 (drought-tolerant) and Xudou 22 (drought-sensitive),were used to examine the effects of α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) on carbon metabolism of soybean under drought stress at flowering stage.The results showed that under drought stress,compared to Xudou 22,Jindou 21 had smaller decrease in net photosynthetic rate (Pn),smaller increase in photorespiration rate (Pr) and soluble sugar content of leaves,while a greater increase in the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose synthetase (SS) (synthesis) of leaves and sucrose content of roots.NAA treatment increased Pn and decreased Pr under drought stress,and thus obviously alleviated the growth inhibition of drought stress on plants.NAA treatment reduced the activities of starch-degrading enzymes,acid invertase (AI) and SS (cleavage),thereby inhibited the accumulation of soluble sugar induced by drought stress.In addition,NAA treatment increased SPS and SS (synthesis) activities of leaves,sucrose content of roots and shoot-root ratio,indicating that NAA treatment improved the transportation of sucrose from leaf blade to root under drought stress.In conclusion,exogenous NAA could enhance drought tolerance in soybean by regulating carbon metabolism.

In order to assess the genetic diversity of peanut in Jiangsu Province,133 accessions of peanut landraces were evaluated by 25 SSR markers.93 alleles were amplified,and the average number of alleles per locus was 3.72.The polymorphic information content (PIC) of each primer varied from 0.066 to 0.749 with an average of 0.374.Shannon's information index of each primer varied from 0.161 to 1.385 with an average of 0.671.The similarity coefficients of 133 peanut landraces varied from 0.416 to 1.000 with an average of 0.830.The order of average similarity coefficient of 4 types of peanut was Arachis hypogaea L.var.hypogaea (0.899) ＞ var.hirsute (0.776) ＞ var.vulgaris (0.710) ＞ var.fastigiata (0.700).Cluster analysis with UPGMA showed that the landraces could be divided into three groups at 0.600 of genetic similarities coefficient.The results showed that there were rich genetic diversity of peanut landraces in Jiangsu Province,and the genetic diversity was significantly lower among the var.hypogaea than those of the other three types.The result of cluster analysis had important significance for efficiently using of these peanut landraces.

In order to know the peanut germplasm resources in Jiangsu and explore salt tolerant resource.In this experiment,47 peanut germplasm materials were treated with salt stress,and the principal component analysis,membership function and cluster analysis were used based on the relative value of germination rate,germination energy,germination index,vigor index,fresh weight,relative water content,dry weight.The results showed that salt tolerance evaluation of peanut lines was affected with multiple indexes,relative water content and fresh weight could be used as the evaluation indexes of salt tolerance in peanut germplasm,and 5 g/L NaCl solution could be used as the suitable concentration of salt tolerance in peanut germination.47 peanut materials were divided into 5 levels of salt tolerance,JP42,JP29,JP23,JP43,JP35,JP4,and so on were screened out for the 6 salt tolerant germplasm.JP27 and JP98 were highly sensitive materials,and the method of membership function combined with salt tolerance could be used as a simple and rapid method for the identification of salt tolerance at germination stage.

[Objective] The present paper aimed to clarify the genetic development of ahFAD2 gene and its correlation with oleic acid content,and explore the correlation between the content of oleic acid and the main characters.[Method] Identification of ahFAD2 gene loci was carried out to 141 landrace peanut varieties from Jiangsu by CAPS markers.[Result] We deduced that 25 peanut landrace varieties had wildtype alleles of ahFAD2A,while other 116 varieties had mutant allele for the CAPS of 448G ＞ A transition.ahFAD2B loci existed only wild site in all peanut landrace varieties.Compared to A.hypogaea subsp.fastigiat,the frequency of ahFAD2A-m allele in A.hypogaea subsp.hypogaea was higher.The average content of oleic acid in peanut with ahFAD2A-m was significantly higher than that with ahFAD2A-wt.There was a significantly negative correlation between the content of oleic acid and linoleic acid.[Conclusion] There was a significant correlation between the types of ahFAD2A alleles and the content of oleic acid in peanut seeds.Compared to other types,virginia type peanut contained more ahFAD2A-m alleles and the oleic acid content was higher.