目的:探讨 4D超声子宫输卵管造影术的临床应用价值.方法:选取 2018 年 1 月—2020 年 6 月因不孕症行 4D超声子宫输卵管造影术患者 963 例,其中原发性不孕症患者 226 例,继发性不孕症患者 737 例,统计输卵管造影情况(双侧输卵管通畅为正常;双侧输卵管不通、一侧输卵管通畅及另一侧输卵管不通、一侧输卵管通畅及另一侧输卵管通而不畅、双侧输卵管通而不畅均为异常).结果:4D超声子宫输卵管造影术检查不孕患者的输卵管异常率为61.99％,其中原发性不孕症患者输卵管异常率为 50.00％,继发性不孕症患者输卵管异常率为 65.67％,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).女性不孕症患者各年龄段输卵管异常率比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),随年龄增长,输卵管异常率增高.结论:随着年龄的增长,输卵管异常率逐渐增加.4D超声子宫输卵管造影术是一种有效的输卵管通畅性的检查方法,具有很好的临床应用价值.

Objective:To investigate the expression and significance of E-cadherin and PCNA in rat PCOS model.Methods:Twelve 6-week-old SD clean grade female rats were randomly divided into two groups: letrozole treatment group（n=6）and normal control group（n=6）.Letrozole treatment group was given 1mg/kg of letrozole for intragastric modeling, while normal control group was given the same dose of solvent for intragastric modeling.After 21 days of continuous treatment, the rats were sacrificed by anesthetized dose, and the ovarian morphology was observed by HE staining.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the localization of E-cadherin and PCNA proteins, and Western blotting was used to detect the expression of E-cadherin and PCNA proteins.Results:In the control group, ovarian follicles at different stages of development were observed in the field of vision.In the letrozole treatment group, only a number of empty follicles of different sizes grew, and the number of inner granular cell layers was significantly reduced compared with that in the control group.E-cadherin and PCNA proteins were localized in cytoplasm and nucleus.Western blotting showed that the expression of PCNA protein in letrozole treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the expression of E-cadherin protein in letrozole treatment group was higher than that in the control group, with statistically significant differences（P＜0.05）.Conclusions:In the ovaries of PCOS model induced by letrozole, the expression of PCNA protein decreased and the expression of E-cadherin protein increased, which resulted in the decreased proliferation of ovarian granulosa cells.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious and widespread mental illness worldwide. The abnormality of neuronal networks may contribute to the etiology of MDD. However, the neural connections underlying the main symptoms of MDD need further elucidation. Here, we found that GABAergic neurons in the lateral septum (LS) were activated by chronic unpredictable stress (CUS), with increased numbers of ΔFosB-labeled neurons. LS neuronal activity was modulated using a chemogenetic approach. Activation of LS neurons caused a depressive phenotype, as shown by increased immobility in the forced swim test, and induced increased susceptibility to subthreshold chronic stress, as indicated by decreased female urine sniffing time and preference for sucrose in depression-related behavior detection, whereas suppression of LS neuronal activity induced an antidepressant effect under basal and stressed conditions. Moreover, we found that the LS showed strong neuronal projections to the dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG); activation of dPAG-projecting GABAergic neurons in the LS produced the same depressive behaviors and stress susceptibility as induced by the activation of the majority of LS GABAergic neurons. Finally, we found that activation of neuronal fibers in the dPAG derived from the LS showed depression-related behaviors, as suggested by the decreased female urine sniffing time and sucrose preference in female urine sniffing and sucrose preference tests respectively. Our findings indicate that LS is a key depression-controlling nucleus, and that the LS-PAG projection is an essential effector circuit for morbidity and treatment in depression.

目的:回顾分析面肌痉挛患者在长期重复应用A型肉毒毒素治疗下的临床治疗效果及安全性进行分析.方法:选取2016年9月～2018年8月于本院收治的50例面肌痉挛患者为研究对象,根据A型肉毒毒素治疗次数将其分成两组,即首次治疗组和重复治疗组各25例.比较两组患者开始起效时间、疗效达到峰值时间、治疗效果、疗效维持时间等.结果:两组患者治疗后起效时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组患者达到峰值时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);首次治疗组的治疗效果显著低于重复治疗组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:长期重复使用A型肉毒毒素治疗面肌痉挛在起效时间、治疗后痉挛程度、达到峰值时间与首次治疗无差异,但疗效较首次治疗组好,且安全性高,值得临床推广应用.

目的 探讨ALDH2在单次热应激致小鼠睾丸功能可逆性变化中的作用.方法 C57雄性小鼠18只,随机分成对照组和热处理组,热处理组按处理后1、7、14 d分成3个亚组(n=3),每组设立对照组(n=3),热应激组和对照组小鼠下腹部分别置于43℃和25℃水浴中干预15 min,于处理后1、7、14 d取睾丸组织.免疫组化染色检测ALDH2蛋白定位及表达,Western印迹检测ALDH2蛋白表达水平.结果 免疫组化显示,ALDH2蛋白在睾丸间质细胞中表达.West-ern印迹检测显示,与对照组相比,热应激后第1天,ALDH2蛋白表达无明显改变;热应激后第7天、14天较对照组及热应激第1天比较,ALDH2蛋白表达明显增多(P<0.01);热应激第7天与热应激第14天,ALDH2蛋白表达无明显改变.结论 小鼠在热应激处理后的第7、14天,ALDH2蛋白表达量在睾丸组织中显著增加.

目的 探讨国产尿源FSH和重组FSH应用于体外受精/卵泡浆内单精子显微注射—胚胎移植(IVF/ICSI-ET)早卵泡期长方案超促排卵(COH)中的临床疗效.方法 选取2014年6月-2018年1月在该院生殖中心行早卵泡期长方案的183例患者为研究对象,按照Gn用药不同分为国产尿源FSH(58例)和重组FSH(125例),评估两组患者的获卵及临床妊娠结局.结果 国产尿源FSH组患者的获卵数与重组FSH组比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),两组患者的Gn用量及天数、优质胚胎数、临床妊娠率、早期流产率、周期取消率以及中重度卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).结论 在IVF/ICSI-ET早卵泡期长方案COH中应用国产尿源FSH并不影响妊娠结局,且存在价格优势.