Background:Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an immune-mediated liver disease of unknown etiology accompanied by intestinal dysbiosis and a damaged intestinal barrier. Berberine (BBR) is a traditional antibacterial medicine that has a variety of pharmacological properties. It has been reported that BBR alleviates AIH, but relevant mechanisms remain to be fully explored.Methods:BBR was orally administered at doses of 100 mg & sdot;kg-1 & sdot;d-1 for 7 days to mice before concanavalin A-induced AIH model establishment. Histopathological, immunohistochemical, immunofluorescence, western blotting, ELISA, 16S rRNA analysis, flow cytometry, real-time quantitative PCR, and fecal microbiota transplantation studies were performed to ascertain BBR effects and mechanisms in AIH mice.Results:We found that liver necrosis and apoptosis were decreased upon BBR administration; the levels of serum transaminase, serum lipopolysaccharide, liver proinflammatory factors TNF-alpha, interferon-gamma, IL-1 beta, and IL-17A, and the proportion of Th17 cells in spleen cells were all reduced, while the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 and regulatory T cell proportions were increased. Moreover, BBR treatment increased beneficial and reduced harmful bacteria in the gut. BBR also strengthened ileal barrier function by increasing the expression of the tight junction proteins zonula occludens-1 and occludin, thereby blocking lipopolysaccharide translocation, preventing lipopolysaccharide/toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/ NF-kappa B pathway activation, and inhibiting inflammatory factor production in the liver. Fecal microbiota transplantation from BBR to model mice also showed that BBR potentially alleviated AIH by altering the gut microbiota.Conclusions:BBR alleviated concanavalin A-induced AIH by modulating the gut microbiota and related immune regulation. These results shed more light on potential BBR therapeutic strategies for AIH.

Objective:Programmed cell death 6 (PDCD6), a Ca 2+-binding protein, has been reported to be aberrantly expressed in all kinds of tumors. The aim of this study was to explore the role and mechanism of PDCD6 in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs).Methods:The expression levels of PDCD6 in liver cancer patients and HCC cell lines were analyzed using bioinformatics and Western blotting. Cell viability and metastasis were determined by methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) and transwell assays, respectively. And Western blotting was used to test related biomarkers and molecular pathway factors in HCC cell lines. LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor inhibiting AKT, was used to suppress the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway to help evaluate the role of this pathway in the HCC carcinogenesis associated with PDCD6.Results:The analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas Database suggested that high PDCD6 expression levels were relevant to liver cancer progression. This was consistent with our finding of higher levels of PDCD6 expression in HCC cell lines than in normal hepatocyte cell lines. The results of MTT, transwell migration, and Western blotting assays revealed that overexpression of PDCD6 positively regulated HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Conversely, the upregulation of PDCD6 expression in the presence of an AKT inhibitor inhibited HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In addition, PDCD6 promoted HCC cell migration and invasion by epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The mechanistic investigation proved that PDCD6 acted as a tumor promoter in HCC through the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway, increasing the expression of transcription factors and cellular proliferation and metastasis.Conclusion:PDCD6 has a tumor stimulative role in HCC mediated by AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling and might be a potential target for HCC progression.

Plantago asiatica L. has been used as a vegetable and nutritious food in Asia for thousands of years. According to recent phytochemical and pharmacological research, the active compositions of the plant contribute to various health benefits, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer. This article reviews the 87 components of the plant and their structures, as well as their biological activities and molecular research progress, in detail. This review provides valuable reference material for further study, production, and application of P. asiatica, as well as its components in functional foods and therapeutic agents.

ScopeObesity has been recognized as a worldwide public health crisis, this is accompanied by dysregulation of the intestinal microbiota and upregulation of liver steatosis and adipose inflammation. Synbiotic as a novel alternative therapy for obesity have recently gained much attention. MethodsThis study innovatively research the anti-obesity properties of a newly synbiotic composed of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium infantis and konjac glucomannan oligosaccharides. ResultsThe synbiotic treatment can reduce body weight, fat mass, blood sugar, liver steatosis and adipose inflammation in obesity mice fed by high-fat diet (HFD). Meanwhile, synbiotic treatment activated brown adipose tissue and improve energy, glucose and lipid metabolism. In addition, synbiotic treatment not solely enhanced the protection of intestinal barrier, but also ameliorated gut microbiota dysbiosis directly by enhancing beneficial microbes and reducing potentially harmful bacteria. Furthermore, the microbiome phenotype and functional prediction showed that synbiotic treatment can improve the gut microbiota functions involving inflammatory state, immune response, metabolism and pathopoiesia. ConclusionThe synbiotic may be an effective candidate treatment strategy for the clinical prevention and treatment of obesity and other associated metabolic diseases such as hyperlipidemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases by alleviating inflammatory response, regulating energy metabolism and maintaining the balance of intestinal microecology.

Objective:To prepare and apply hepatitis C (HCV) RNA control material for proficiency testing in the laboratory, so as to evaluate laboratory testing capability for HCV RNA and improve detection quality.Methods:HCV RNA negative and positive human plasma samples were collected, and RNA was quantified by Hepatitis C virus nucleic acid (RNA) detection kit (fluorescence PCR). The quality control samples of 5 pieces per set (197101~197105) were prepared, including 3 pieces of HCV RNA positive samples and 2 pieces of HCV RNA negative samples. Ten tubes from each serial number of quality control products were randomly selected for homogeneity evaluation. The stability of each quality control product was evaluated after being stored at 37 ℃ for 1 to 7 days. The quality control product was applied in the proficiency testing of 14 clinical laboratories. The test results were collected and used to evaluate the ability of HCV RNA detection in different laboratories.Results:The homogeneity evaluation results indicated that no HCV RNA was detected in negative quality control samples numbered 197102 and 197104. For the positive controls numbered 197101, 197103 and 197105, the RNA quantitative value (Log10 value) CV% were 8.59%, 9.58% and 9.95%, respectively. The results of stability evaluation showed that HCV RNA was not detected in negative quality control samples numbered 197102 and 197104 after 1-7 days of storage at 37 ℃. For the positive controls numbered 197101, 197103 and 197105, the RNA quantitative value (Log10 value) CV% were 8.26%, 6.09%, 6.12%, respectively. The qualitative judgments of 5 quality control samples from 14 participating laboratories were consistent to the expected results, and the scores were all 100 points. The standard deviation I of the materials numbered 197101, 197103 and 197105 were -0.99 - 2.05, -1.16 - 1.84, -1.78 - 2.30, respectively.Conclusions:The HCV RNA control materials for proficiency testing in the laboratory were proved to have good homogeneity and stability. The application of HCV RNA control materials showed systematic or random errors in certain laboratories.

Synbiotics can ameliorate liver injury and improve liver function by reducing hepatic inflammation and pyroptosis. Our data indicate that our new Syn not only reverses gut dysbiosis by increasing beneficial bacteria and decreasing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-bearing Gram-negative bacteria but also maintains intestinal barrier integrity.

Plenty of research on microbial-viral interactions has revealed that some commensal microorganisms in the gut, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, can resist or promote viral infection, whereas other microorganisms are involved in pathogenicity. Therefore, the balance between commensal microorganisms and human organisms is a key factor for determining infection and disease progression, and commensal microorganisms have become a hot research area in the medical field. In this review, the compositional characteristics of gut microbiota (bacteria, fungi, and viruses) during HIV infection are reviewed and changes in gut microbiota among different HIV-infected populations are described. Furthermore, the latest progress of potential microbial therapeutic methods, including a) probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, b) fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), c) phage therapy, and d) antifungal strategy, microbial enzyme inhibition, and dietary therapeutics, is analyzed based on gut bacteria, fungi, and viruses in the field of HIV infection. This study aims to provide a useful reference for developing novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of HIV infection based on commensal microorganisms.

Background In the effort to prevent and control HIV/AIDS, China has established a national sentinel surveillance system. However, some sentinel sites face limitations in environmental resources and accessibility, prompting the exploration of alternative sample strategies. Dried plasma spots (DPS) samples are viewed as promising alternatives to traditional plasma samples due to their advantages, including sample stability, easy storage, and convenient transport. This study aims to develop a method for screening HIV, Treponema pallidum (TP), and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) using DPS samples and assess their performance. Methods Based on existing commercial assay kits, a detection method was established through the optimization of experimental parameters, including the amount of plasma on filter paper, the volume of elution solution applied to dried plasma spots, the size of dried plasma spots, elution solution volume, elution solution components, elution temperature, and elution time. A series of laboratory evaluation panels were constructed for laboratory assessments, including the laboratory basic panel, laboratory interference panel, and laboratory precision panel. Additionally, clinical samples were used for evaluation. Results Optimal conditions for DPS sample extraction were: plasma volume, 100 µL; DPS size, whole spot; eluent volume, 500 µL; eluent, PBS with 1‰ Tween20; elution time, 2 h; elution temperature, room temperature. A total of 619 paired plasma/DPS samples were tested by both methods. The DPS-based ELISA method exhibited 100% sensitivity/specificity for HIV, 98.6%/100% for TP, and 99.6%/100% for HCV. Kappa values between the plasma samples and DPS samples were 100% for HIV, 99% for TP, and 100% for HCV. The DPS-based ELISA method failed to detect 1 HCV mono-infected sample and TP in 1 HIV/HCV/TP co-infected sample. For the HIV/HCV/TP co-infected sample, the S/CO in the plasma sample was 2.143 and in the DPS sample was 0.5. For HCV, the S/CO (sample OD/cut-off) was 3.049 in the plasma sample and 0.878 in the DPS sample. Conclusions A single DPS, following one-time standardized processing, can be used to detect HIV, HCV, and TP. Researching and establishing laboratory testing methods better suited for China's sentinel surveillance have significant practical applications in improving HIV testing in resource-constrained environments.

Platycodon grandiflorus (P. grandiflorus), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb used for both medicine and food, has a long history of treating respiratory infections, bronchitis, pneumonia, and other lung-related diseases. The therapeutic effects of P. grandiflorus are attributed to its chemical components, including polysaccharides. Among these components, Platycodon grandiflorus polysaccharides (PGP) are recognized as one of the most important and abundant active ingredients, exhibiting various biological activities such as prebiotic, antioxidant, antiviral, anticancer, antiangiogenic, and immune regulatory properties. Incorporating the principles of traditional Chinese medicine, carrier concepts, and modern targeted drug delivery technologies, PGP can influence the target sites and therapeutic effects of other drugs while also serving as a drug carrier for targeted and precise treatments. Therefore, it is essential to provide a comprehensive review of the extraction, separation, purification, physicochemical properties, and biological activities of PGP. In the future, by integrating new concepts, technologies, and processes, further references and guidance can be provided for the comprehensive development of PGP. This will contribute to the advancement of P. grandiflorus in various fields such as pharmaceuticals, health products, and food.

目的 了解河北省鼠疫自然疫源地康保牧场1981-2020年长爪沙鼠寄生蚤种群数量和结构变化规律,为该疫源地动物疫情的预测预警提供依据.方法 应用Excel2010软件对长爪沙鼠鼠体蚤、洞干蚤及窝巢蚤调查数据进行总结和逐年逐月统计,运用集中度法对寄生蚤季节分布特征进行分析,采用配伍组方差分析对不同类型长爪沙鼠寄生蚤蚤指数进行分析.结果 1981-2020年共计获蚤4046匹,隶属于3科11属17种,其中2018-2020年长爪沙鼠鼠体捡获同形客蚤122匹,占比7.24％(122/1684);鼠体蚤、洞干蚤和窝巢蚤的染蚤率变化没有一定的规律性,但1995、2002-2003、2005、2017-2018年有动物间鼠疫疫情发生,鼠体蚤和窝巢蚤染蚤率均高于平均染蚤率;应用集中度法研究发现长爪沙鼠体蚤(M=0.3)和巢蚤(M=0.3)均有一定的季节性,且二者呈现"此起彼伏"的变化趋势;长爪沙鼠洞干蚤有很强的季节性(M=0.7),蚤密度夏秋较高,冬春较低;经配伍组方差分析,不同类型的长爪沙鼠寄生蚤蚤指数差异有统计学意义(F=3.515,P=0.023),鼠体蚤、洞干蚤和窝巢蚤的蚤指数分别进行两两比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜O.05).结论 1981-2020年河北省鼠疫自然疫源地康保牧场动物间鼠疫流行与长爪沙鼠寄生蚤染蚤率存在一定的相关性,为有针对性地开展该疫源地灭蚤防控鼠疫提供了理论依据.

目的 为了了解县级以上检测实验室HCV抗体检测能力,研发制备HCV抗体能力验证质控品,开展基层实验室HCV抗体检测能力的室间比对与评估工作.方法 研发制备均一稳定的HCV抗体检测质控样品,组织全国县级以上75家HCV抗体检测实验室开展能力验证,各实验室按照要求在规定时间内完成质控品检测并按时回报结果,以全部回馈结果确定质控品预期结果,以检测水平评价标准差系数(SDI)评估各实验室检测能力.结果 质控品190906～190910均一性与稳定性检验均符合要求;完成能力验证结果回报的70家实验室中,30家(42.86％)得分100分,39家(55.71％)得分80分,1家(1.43％)得分20分;使用间接ELISA法和化学发光法检测质控品的结果在不同实验室间差异较大[变异系数(CV)分别为33.92％、117.65％、125.77％、125.00％、32.09％和67.56％、129.15％、35.53％、133.72％、73.80％];间接ELISA法、化学发光法和胶体金法对弱阳性190908的检测准确性偏低(分别为47.50％、50.00％、27.27％);SDI值显示部分实验室可能存在系统误差和随机误差.结论 本研究制备的HCV抗体能力验证质控品能够在能力验证工作中稳定有效地发挥作用,参加此次能力验证的实验室普遍具有HCV抗体检测能力,部分实验室可能存在系统误差和随机误差问题.

目的 了解贵阳市MSM中HIV、TP及HSV-2的流行状况及相关影响因素.方法 通过同伴推动抽样法招募MSM为调查对象,对其社会人口学特征进行分析;进行HIV、TP及HSV-2感染检测;并分析其实验室检测结果.结果 577例研究对象中,共发现HIV抗体阳性者、TP特异性抗体阳性者及HSV-2抗体阳性者116例(20.1％)、107例(18.5％)、74例(12.8％);HIV+TP、HIV+HSV-2、TP+HSV-2以及HIV+TP+HSV-2合并感染者依次为24例(4.2％)、8例(1.4％)、11例(1.9％)、20例(3.5％).HIV感染率在不同年龄组、职业及婚姻状况间的差异有统计学意义;TP感染率在不同文化程度、职业及婚姻状况间的差异有统计学意义;HSV-2感染率在不同年龄、文化程度及婚姻状况间的差异有统计学意义;HIV+TP、HIV+TP+HSV-2、TP+HSV-2等3种类型的合并感染率在不同文化程度以及不同婚姻状况间的差异有统计学意义.结论 贵阳市MSM中HIV、TP及HSV-2的感染率较高,合并感染情况较为严重,防治形势严峻,应加强本地区MSM的HIV、TP及HSV-2防治工作;同时应结合实验室检测结果制订相关干预措施,及早进行抗病毒治疗.

OBJECTIVE:The aim of the present study was to evaluate the performance of the simultaneous detection of HIV-1 RNA, HIV-1 DNA, and HCV RNA using one dried blood spot (DBS) as an alternative sample to plasma.METHOD:A total of 571 paired DBS/plasma samples were collected from men who have sex with men (MSM) and injection drug users (IDUs), and serological and molecular assays were performed. Using plasma results as the reference standard, the performance of DBS tests for HIV-1 RNA, HIV-1 DNA, and HCV RNA was evaluated. Pearson's correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman analysis were performed to assess the correlation and concordance between DBS and plasma.RESULTS:Among paired plasma/DBS samples with detectable HIV-1 RNA and HCV RNA, five samples (5/32) were not detectable in DBS, while measurable HIV-1 RNA levels were present in plasma (1.44 to 3.99 log 10 copies/mL). There were two samples (2/94) with undetectable HCV RNA in DBS, while measurable HCV RNA levels were present in plasma (-5 to 5.99 log 10 copies/mL). The correlation between HIV-1 RNA light chain variable region (VL) values obtained from plasma and DBS showed that r = 0.683 ( P < 0.01), n = 27 and r = 0.612 ( P < 0.01), n = 89 in HCV RNA. Bland-Altman analysis revealed that in HIV-1 RNA, the mean (± SD) difference between HIV-1 RNA in plasma and DBS was 1.00 ± 1.01 log 10 copies/mL, and all samples were within ± 1.96 SD (-0.97 to 2.97 log 10 copies/mL) for DBS. The mean difference (± SD) in HCV RNA was 0.15 ± 1.08 log 10 copies/mL, and 94.38% (84/89) were within ± 1.96 SD (-1.96 to 2.67 log 10 copies/mL). Overall, HIV-1 RNA and HCV RNA levels obtained from a DBS were lower than those obtained from plasma. HIV-1 DNA in a DBS showed concordant results with HIV-1 RNA in plasma. HIV-1 DNA RT-PCR using a DBS showed acceptable performance.CONCLUSION:The performance of the simultaneous detection of HIV-1 RNA, HIV-1 DNA, and HCV RNA using one DBS was acceptable. DBS, as an alternative sample to plasma, may be a viable option for the simultaneous detection of HIV-1 RNA, HIV-1 DNA, and HCV RNA in resource-limited settings or for individuals living in areas that are difficult to access.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of an assay using dried plasma spot (DPS) and dried blood spot (DBS) samples for the serological detection of anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies. Between January and July 2019, plasma, DPS and DBS specimens were collected from individuals at high-risk for HCV infection. Samples were tested for anti-HCV by ELISA, and the performance of DPS and DBS specimens was examined using results from the plasma testing, as the standard. Blood samples were collected from 329 persons, including 129 men who have sex with men and 200 intravenous drug users. Results from the plasma testing indicated that 118 samples (59.0%) were HCV positive. Data from the DPS sample testing showed sensitivity as 99.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.95–1.00) and specificity as 100% (95% CI: 0.98–1.00) for HCV detection, with Kappa of 99.3% (95% CI: 0.98–1.00) while in DBS sample testing the sensitivity as 98.3% (95% CI: 0.93–1.00) and specificity as 100% (95% CI: 0.98–1.00), with Kappa of 98.7% (95% CI: 0.97–1.00), respectively. Spearman’s correlation coefficients for the comparisons between plasma and DPS specimen, plasma and DBS specimens, DPS and DBS specimens were 0.857, 0.750, and 0.739, respectively. Compared with the results in plasma, 1 sample was not detected using the DPS specimens, and 2 samples were failed for the positive detection, using the DBS specimens. Both DPS and DBS samples were promising alternatives to plasma, for the detection of anti-HCV antibodies.

Objective: To explore the diagnostic value of anti-HCV and HCV RNA so as to provide an accurate and efficient detection strategy for the diagnosis of HCV in intravenous drug users. Methods: 527 plasma samples from intravenous drug users were collected, and preliminary anti-HCV ELISA screening test was performed. A recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) was used as confirmatory assay for reactive antibody samples. All samples were tested for HCV RNA, followed by analysis of anti-HCV screening test, RIBA and HCV nucleic acid test results. Results: Anti-HCV ELISA results were reactive in 386 out of 527 intravenous drug users and non-reactive in 141. Among the 386 reactive antibody samples detected by RIBA, 370 cases were anti-HCV positive, 6 cases were anti-HCV indeterminate and 10 cases were anti-HCV negative. Anti-HCV ELISA and RIBA positive coincidence detection rate was 95.85% (370/386), and 70.21% (370/527) among intravenous drug users. HCV RNA was negative in all 10 anti-HCV RIBA non-reactive samples. 376 anti-HCV RIBA-positive and indeterminate samples were tested for HCV RNA, of which 56.93% (300/527) were current HCV infection, and 14.42% (76/527) were past HCV infection. Among 141 anti-HCV ELISA negative samples, the residual risk by anti-HCV ELISA screening for HCV RNA was 1.52% (8/527). HCV viral load distribution among intravenous drug users showed that the high viral load value (>10(7) IU/ml) and low viral load values (< 10(2) IU/ml) accounted for 1.95% and 2.27%, respectively, while the samples with viral load value of 1×10(2) ~ 1×10(7) IU/ mL accounted for 95.78% (295/308), and were mainly distributed in 1×10(5) ~ 1×10(6) IU/ml (37.99%). ELISA + RIBA + NAT assay detection strategies had differentiated 300 cases of current HCV infection, 76 cases of past HCV infection and 10 cases of false positive anti-HCV results, while ELISA+NAT assay detection strategies had only detected 300 cases of current HCV infection. However, of the 386 positive subjects screened for antibodies, 10 (2.59%) were undifferentiated false positives. Conclusion: Intravenous drug users are the high-risk population of HCV infection with high prevalence and high viral load. Anti-HCV screening for intravenous drug users will have a certain degree of residual risk. Therefore, anti-HCV ELISA screening and nucleic acid detection strategy can accurately diagnose the current infected patients; however, it cannot distinguish the false positive results of antibody screening.

目的 研究制备尿液HIV-1抗体快速检测(金标法)实验室能力验证质控品,并应用于艾滋病检测实验室的能力验证工作,以评估实验室尿液HIV-1抗体快速检测(金标法)的能力,为进一步推广尿液HIV-1抗体自我检测提供依据.方法 对10份HIV-1抗体阳性和5份HIV-1抗体阴性尿液样本用酶联免疫法和胶体金免疫层析试验筛选后,选择3份阳性和2份阴性样本,制备能力验证质控品5个批号;每批号质控品随机抽取10管(0.5mL/管)进行均一性评价;质控品在37℃下放置1～7天,进行稳定性评价;将能力验证质控品应用于20家实验室的能力验证中,收集分析检测结果,评价各实验室的尿液HIV-1抗体快速检测(金标法)的能力.结果 质控品(编号194106-194110)均一性评价结果表明,酶联免疫法(OD值)与胶体金法(GOD值)CV％值分别为26.9％、4.3％、4.4％、19.8％、5.0％和0、11.2％、9.0％、0、9.5％,单因素方差分析检测值均无差异(P＞0.05);质控品(编号194106-194110)37℃放置1～7天后的稳定性评价结果表明,酶联免疫法和胶体金法的定性检测结果均与预期结果一致,酶联免疫法(OD值)与胶体金法(GOD值)CV％值分别为40.2％、3.4％、2.3％、26.3％、2.2％和0、16.7％、9.3％、0、5.8％,OD值与GOD值的t检验分析中,3支样本无差异(P＞0.05),2支样本有差异(P＜0.05);参加能力验证的20家实验室对5支HIV-1抗体质控品的快速检测(金标法)结果均与预期结果一致,得分均为100分.结论 尿液HIV-1抗体(金标法)能力验证质控品具有良好的均一性和稳定性,且参加本次尿液HIV-1抗体快速检测(金标法)能力验证的实验室均具备准确检测能力.

目的 分析孕期未接受抗病毒治疗的人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)阳性孕产妇病毒载量及耐药情况,探讨病毒载量与母婴传播的关系.方法 以云南、广西、新疆、四川和广东为研究地区,选择2016年3月-2019年6月孕期未接受抗病毒治疗的HIV阳性孕产妇及其所生婴儿为研究对象,检测孕产妇产时血浆HIV病毒载量和婴儿干血斑HIV核酸,采用Mann-Whitney U秩和检验分析孕产妇产时HIV病毒载量与母婴传播的关系,并对孕产妇血浆进行耐药基因检测.结果 本研究共纳入104对母婴,9个婴儿诊断为阳性,母婴传播率为8.7％ (9/104).与未发生母婴传播的母亲相比,发生母婴传播的母亲在产时的HIV病毒载量对数中值明显更高(4.18 vs 3.54,P=0.029),差异有统计学意义.且HIV病毒载量＜1 000拷贝/ml的孕产妇均未发生母婴传播.91例孕产妇基因扩增成功,其中8例发生耐药,耐药率为8.8％ (8/91).结论 孕期未接受抗病毒治疗的HIV阳性孕产妇病毒载量与母婴传播有直接关系,产时HIV病毒载量越高,发生母婴传播概率越大,提示对于高风险的孕产妇应尽早检测,对于HIV阳性孕产妇应尽早进行抗病毒治疗,减少母婴传播.同时,需进行耐药检测,为孕产妇提供更精准的干预措施.

美国疾病控制和预防中心(CDC)2014年发布艾滋病病毒(HIV)核酸检测策略以来,已经在实验室应用,该策略简化了检测流程,使检测结果更加准确.但同时也存在诸多不便于临床推广普及的影响因素.随着核酸检测技术的应用与普及,在2019年艾滋病诊断大会上,美国CDC专家发表了HIV-1核酸定量检测替代策略的研究报告,临床验证了核酸定量检测替代策略的准确性、可行性与快速便利性,提高了HIV核酸定量检测结果在临床工作中的使用价值.

目的 探讨干血斑样本用于1型艾滋病病毒(HIV-1)新发感染检测(限制性抗原亲和力法)的可行性与最佳检测条件.方法 用制备的三套系列稀释干血斑-血浆配对样本和来自临床的71对人群干血斑-血浆配对样本,使用国产HIV-1新发感染酶免检测试剂盒(限制性抗原亲和力法),同时对血浆样本与干血斑样本进行检测并分析等效性.其中滤纸片干血斑(DBS)样本(6mm斑)洗脱分别在500μL、600μL、800μL和1 000μL样本稀释液4℃过夜洗脱.结果 三套系列稀释干血斑-血浆配对样本检测结果显示,500μL、600μL、800μL和1 000gL样本稀释液洗脱后的DBS样本与血浆样本的Pearson相关系数分别依次为0.955(R2=0.912)、0.944(R2=0.892)、0.948(R2=0.899)、0.933(R2=0.870);来自临床的71对人群干血斑-血浆配对样本检测结果显示,500μL、600μL、800μL和1 000μL样本稀释液洗脱后的DBS样本与血浆样本的Pearson相关系数分别依次为0.968(R2=0.936)、0.965(R2=0.932)、0.959(R2=0.919)、0.879(R2=0.773);其中以500μL样本稀释液4℃过夜洗脱后的DBS检测结果与血浆等效性最佳,71对临床配对样本的检测一致性为98.59％(70/71).结论 DBS样本可用于HIV-1新发感染检测(限制性抗原亲和力法),且与血浆样本具有良好的等效性.

干血斑样本(DBS)因其潜在的巨大应用前景,已经显著影响了众多研究领域,包括疾病监测及诊断、药代动力学等方面.本文探讨了DBS优劣性,着重介绍了国内外DBS用于艾滋病病毒(HIV)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)、梅毒(TP)的血清学与分子生物学检测时的检测性能评价情况,分析并指出了DBS在HIV、HCV、TP检测中存在的问题与不足,旨在为DBS的应用发展提供参考.