Objective This study aims to assess the potential relationship between blood metabolites and spontaneous abortion (SA) via Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.Methods Summary-level metabolite data were downloaded from three large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) involving 147,827 participants with 824 unique blood metabolites. The summary statistics for SA was sourced from European populations involving 9,113 cases and 89,340 controls. In this MR study, potential relationships were primarily determined according to the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) analysis results, which were further verified by other MR analyses. We also conducted several sensitivity analyses to ensure that our results were not influenced by pleiotropy and/or heterogeneity. Additionally, we performed metabolic pathway analysis on significantly SA-related metabolites using the web-based tool MetaboAnalyst 5.0.Results Eight known metabolites associated with SA were identified. Specifically, four metabolites were positively related to SA: caproate (6:0) (OR = 2.57, 95% CI: 1.18, 5.63), N2, N2-dimethylguanosine (OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.16, 2.70), total fatty acids (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.17), and ADpSGEGDFXAEGGGVR* (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.08, 2.34). Another four metabolites showed negative associations with SA: succinylcarnitine (OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.31, 0.89), citrate (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.70, 0.93), glycerol (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.74, 0.97), and 1-heptadecanoylglycerophosphocholine (OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.89). Multivariable MR analysis further confirmed a direct effect of caproate (6:0), succinylcarnitine, and N2, N2-dimethylguanosine on SA. Furthermore, we found that the metabolic pathways of glycerolipid metabolism and citrate cycle (TCA cycle) are connected with SA.Conclusion Our study indicates that blood metabolites have a possible impact on the risk of SA. The identified metabolites and metabolic pathways can be used to explore the mechanisms of SA and potential drug targets.

Previous research suggests that heavy metal exposure may lead to pregnancy loss, but findings have varied. This study focuses on examining the relationship between heavy metal exposure (manganese, selenium, cadmium, lead, mercury) and pregnancy loss. Utilizing data from the 2011–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), this study included women between 20–80 years with complete pregnancy history, heavy metal exposure data, and covariate information. Pregnancy loss was self-reported by participants. Blood levels of manganese, selenium, cadmium, lead, and mercury were measured using mass spectrometry. Logistic regression, smooth curve fitting, and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression were employed to investigate the association between heavy metal exposure and pregnancy loss. Subgroup analyses were conducted to verify the heterogeneity of the results. A total of 3623 eligible women were included, with 1607 reporting pregnancy loss. Blood mercury levels were positively correlated with a higher risk of pregnancy loss (odds ratio 1.06, 95

This study aims to explore whether endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and unfolded protein response (UPR) processes could be potential targets for preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic for recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). RPL datasets GSE165004 and GSE26787 were sourced from the GEO database, and ERS- and UPR-related gene sets were obtained from the MsigDB database. After differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identification, key genes were screened from intersecting DEGs in RPL-ERS and RPL-UPR datasets. The z-score algorithm was conducted to obtain phenotype scores. Functional enrichment and machine learning analyses were performed to assess gene function and diagnostic value evaluation. Interaction networks were conducted to investigate upstream regulated relationships of the key genes. Immune infiltration and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) were assessed to explore ERS and UPR functions at the cellular level. Totally 25 key genes RPL-ERS DEGs and 16 key genes RPL-UPR DEGs were identified. Among them, six key genes (NFYB, EXOSC2, UBQLN2, RNF139, DERL1, and FBXO27) were validated to show consistent expression trends in both RPL datasets. Functional enrichment highlighted their involvement in the immunity of RPL. Machine learning indicated the significant diagnostic value of these validated genes for RPL, with an accuracy rate of > 80%. scRNA-seq analysis revealed elevated ERS and UPR expressions in monocytes/macrophages in RPL samples. In conclusion, ERS and UPR processes are associated with RPL occurrences, and were mainly upregulated in monocytes/macrophages within RPL samples. ERS and UPR processes may serve as potential targets for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of RPL.

Background: A link has been found between spontaneous abortion (SA) and myocardial infarction (MI). However, there is still a lack of comprehensive knowledge regarding the genetic links and biological mechanisms between SA and MI. An investigation of the causal association between SA and MI, along with the associated signaling networks, was conducted using univariate Mendelian randomization (MR) and transcriptome analysis. Methods: Data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for SA and MI were analyzed using the FinnGen consortium database. To assess the causality between SA and MI, various methods were employed including inverse-variance-weighted (IVW), weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode analyses. Sensitivity analysis was conducted using heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and the Leave-One-Out (LOO) approach. Transcriptomic analysis of the GSE60993 dataset was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Following this, two bioinformatics analyses were carried out. Results: Based on IVW results, SA was found to be causally associated with MI (OR = 1.095, 95%CI 1.012–1.186). Sensitivity analysis was subsequently conducted to validate the robustness of our findings. Through differential analysis, three key genes – GNAQ, ELP3, and TES – were identified as closely linked to processes related to ribosome biogenesis, DNA replication, and congenital immune deficiency. Furthermore, strong correlations were observed with various immunologic gene sets, including the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), immunoactivators, and immunosuppressors. Conclusion: This study reveals a robust causal relationship between SA and MI, highlighting genetic and immunological pathways that could inform future research and therapeutic approaches.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) predominantly affects child-bearing women, leading to an elevated risk of maternal and fetal complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Since some medications can cross the placental barrier that persist a threat to both mother and fetus, the risk-benefit ratio of SLE medications should be taken into consideration during pregnancy. Calcineurin inhibitor (CNI), mainly including cyclosporin A, tacrolimus, and voclosporin, is a category of immunosuppressive agents that inhibit calcium/calmodulin-dependent phosphatase calcineurin to block T cell activation. Based on the current clinical evidence, CNI is an alternative in pregnant SLE patients with persistent disease activity (especially lupus nephritis patients) and non-responders to azathioprine. However, there is no comprehensive review that summarizes the efficacy and safety profile of CNI for SLE management during pregnancy. This review presents a summary on the utilization of CNI for SLE management during pregnancy, including the mechanism of action, gestational amelioration of lupus flare, and the balance of maternal benefit-fetal risk, which may provide more references for the management of SLE pregnancies.

Immune disorder is a key trigger of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA); meanwhile, tumour necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) is a fundamental therapeutic for multiple immune and inflammatory diseases. Hence, this real‐world study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of TNFi combined with intravenous immunoglobin (IVIG) and heparin therapy in RSA patients.

Dysregulated lipid metabolism of macrophages contributes to thrombosis and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). The long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) myocardial infarction-associated transcript 2 (Mirt2) has been reported to inhibit inflammation and lipid accumulation; therefore, this study intended to clarify whether Mirt2 served a role in lipid metabolism. THP-1-derived macrophages with or without Mirt2-knockdown or overexpression, were exposed to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), then cell migration, lipid accumulation, cholesterol efflux and inflammation were assessed using wound healing, oil red staining, commercial kits and western blot assays. Besides, ML385 was used to treat THP-1-derived macrophages to inhibit nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (NRF2) expression. The expression of proteins involved in the above processes were measured by western blot. Results demonstrated that phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) significantly increased Mirt2 expression in THP-1 cells. Mirt2-knockdown enhanced ox-LDL-induced macrophage migration, lipid accumulation, inflammation, and inhibited cholesterol efflux. By contrast, Mirt2 overexpression displayed the opposite effects. Furthermore, Mirt2-knockdown inhibited NRF2 signaling and enhanced mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, while Mirt2 overexpression displayed the opposite effects. Finally, the NRF2 inhibitor ML385 significantly reversed the above effects of Mirt2. In summary, Mirt2 served an important role in regulating lipid metabolism in macrophages via inhibiting MAPK signaling and activating the NRF2 signaling pathway.

目的 观察加味桔梗枳壳汤联合西药埃索美拉唑及吗丁啉治疗胃食管反流病的效果.方法 将我院胃食管反流病患者112例随机分为对照组与观察组各56例.在常规干预基础上对照组采取埃索美拉唑+吗丁啉治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上加用加味桔梗积壳汤治疗.比较两组治疗后临床疗效及胃黏膜疗效、反流发作频次及持续时长、中医症状积分、血清相关指标水平、不良反应情况.结果 治疗后,观察组临床总有效率高于对照组(P＜0.05);观察组胃黏膜疗效总有效率高于对照组(P＜0.05);观察组反流发作频次少于对照组、持续时长短于对照组,观察组中医症状积分分值低于对照组(P＜0.05);两组血清血清P物质(SP)、降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)、5-幾色胺(5-HT)水平较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组(P＜0.05);两组间不良反应发生率比较无显著差异(P＞0.05).结论 采用加味桔梗枳壳汤联合西药治疗胃食管反流病,可有效减少反流发作频次与时长,提高疗效.

Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) is a troublesome pregnancy disorder that manifests as sequential early pregnancy losses; its causes are diverse and complex. Among the known possible causes of RSA, the development of an immune disorder in response to the embryo appears to be the most pronounced. The imbalance between immune rejection and immune tolerance contributes to pregnancy loss in females with RSA, wherein the abnormal ratio of T helper (Th)1 cell‑related cytokines [predominantly tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α] and Th2 cell‑related cytokines is a strong risk factor for RSA. TNF‑α is a pro‑inflammatory cytokine and TNF inhibitors have been effective in the treatment of various autoimmune diseases, such as ankylosing spondylitis, and inflammatory diseases, such as ulcerative colitis. Based on their immunomodulatory properties, TNF inhibitors have been used in the treatment of RSA to reduce the immune rejection rate and improvement in pregnancy outcomes has been observed in females suffering from RSA who were treated with TNF inhibitors. The aim of the present review was to interpret the involvement of TNF‑α in the immunological disorder underlying RSA and summarize the clinical outcomes of TNF inhibitor treatment in patients with RSA.

目的 通过对重庆地区疑似强直性脊柱炎(ankylosing spondylitis, AS)的患者及部分亲属的人类白细胞表面抗原-B27(HLA-B27)阳性情况进行分析, 了解该抗原不同表型在本地区疑似患者中分布的差异。 方法 回顾性分析本院2018年1月1日至2019年11月29日诊治的重庆地区7 829例疑似AS的患者及部分亲属的临床资料, 采用序列特异性引物聚合酶链反应(PCR-SSP)法检测血液标本所得的HLA-B27基因亚型的分型情况。 结果 7 829例数据中HLA-B27抗原阳性有2 112例, 阳性率为26.98%;其中男性阳性率显著高于女性(33.87% vs 18.58%, P 结论 重庆地区人群AS疑似病例HLA-B27抗原阳性率男性明显高于女性。HLA-B27亚型以B* 2704、B* 2705/07为主, 且前者是重庆地区AS的发病易感基因亚型。AS合并眼部疾病者以葡萄膜炎多见, HLA-B27基因亚型以B* 2704型为主。

Objective To analyze the positivity of human leukocyte surface antigen-B27 (HLA-B27) in patients with suspected ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and their relatives in Chongqing to understand the gender-specific distribution of HLA-B27 genotypes in the patients. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 7 829 patients with suspected AS and some of their relatives, who were diagnosed in Chongqing between January 1, 2018 and November 29, 2019. HLA-B27 genotypes were determined using a sequence-specific primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR-SSP). Results Of the 7 829 patients, 2 112 were positive for HLA-B27 antigen, with a positive rate of 26. 98%. The positive rate of HLA-B27 antigen was significantly higher in the male than in the female patients (33.87% vs 18.58%, P < 0.01). A total of 1 655 (78. 36%) patients had a B* 2704 genotype and 358 (16.95%) had a B* 2705/07 genotype of HLA-B27 antigen. Forty-six of the HLA-B27-positive patients were found to have ocular diseases, among whom 36 (78.26%) patients had a B* 2704 genotype; uveitis was the most frequent ocular disease in these patients (34/46). Conclusion The patients with suspected AS in Chongqing have a significantly higher rate HLA- B27 antigen positivity than the normal population, and the positive rate is significantly higher in male than in female patients. The HLA-B27 genotypes are predominantly B * 2704 and B * 2705/07, and the former is associated with AS susceptibility. Uveitis is common in HLA-B27-positive AS patients with ocular diseases, who have a predominant B * 2704 genotype.

Background: RapaLink-1 is a third generation mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor and displays superior inhibitory effect on mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1). mTOR pathway is known to block autophagy and inhibition of it can protect thrombosis-related diseases including atherosclerosis, antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and stroke. The objective of this study was to investigate whether RapaLink-1 could exert anti-thrombotic effects on APS via improving autophagy. Methods: BALB/c mice were injected with monoclonal anti-beta-2-GPI (beta 2GPI) antibodies to induce APS in vivo, and anti-beta 2GPI antibodies together with anticardiolipin (aCL) antibodies in mice serum were assessed. The aortas of mice were isolated, and oil red and haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining were used for thrombus morphology. The levels of LC3B and CD68 were quantified. Human monocyte cell line THP-1 was stimulated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and treated with RapaLink-1 in vitro. The cell viability, LDH activity, apoptosis rate and rate of fate-positive cells were detected. LC3 expression was quantified by immunofluorescence. Western blot was utilized to assess the protein expression of LC3-I, LC3-II, Beclin-1 and p62. Results: The size of arterial thrombus plaque together with the level of anti-beta 2GPI antibodies and aCL was reduced by RapaLink-1. Immunostaining protocols confirmed that the application of RapaLink-1 inhibited plaque initiation and progression while decreased the extent of macrophage infiltration and enhanced the autophagy process. In vitro cultured THP-1 macrophages exposed to ox-LDL study showed that RapaLink-1 prevented cell apoptosis and enhanced autophagy of macrophages, indicated by the increasing expression of autophagy-related protein and morphological character under electron microscopy. Conclusion: Our results revealed that Rapalink-1 has a potential to inhibit the formation of thrombus plaque in APS and these effects were dependent on facilitating cell autophagy both in vivo and in vitro. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

To investigate the effect of gentiopicrin on the expressions of inflammatory factors in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (HFLS) and the underlying mechanism. Human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (HFLS) were cultured in vitro at 37 °C in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) supplemented with 5 % fetal bovine serum (FBS) in a humidified incubator containing 5 % CO2. Cell viability was determined using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, while real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to determine the expressions of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) mRNAs. The expressions of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) were determined using Western blotting. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in cell lysate. Treatment with 5-25 μM gentiopicrin did not significantly affect the number of viable cells, when compared with control group (p > 0.05). However, at 50 and 100 μM gentiopicrin, the number of viable cells were significantly increased, relative to control group (p < 0.05). Results of qRT-PCR showed that the expression levels of IL-1β and IL-6 mRNAs were significantly higher in TNF-α group than in control group (p < 0.05). However, treatment with gentiopicrin significantly and dose-dependently decreased their expression levels compared with TNF-α group (p < 0.05). Western blotting results showed that the expressions of p-p38MAPK and NF-κB-p65 proteins were significantly upregulated in TNF-α group, when compared with control group (p < 0.05). However, treatment with gentiopicrin significantly and dose-dependently down-regulated the expression of these proteins compared with TNF-α group (p < 0.05). The levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in cell lysate were significantly higher in TNF-α group than in control group (p < 0.05). However, treatment with gentiopicrin, and p38MAPK/NF-κB pathway inhibitors (SB203580 and BAY11-7082) significantly reduced the levels of these inflammatory factors compared with TNF-α group (p < 0.05). Gentiopicrin has therapeutic potential for Rheumatoid arthritis (RA ) through a mechanism involving the inhibition of p38MAPK/NF-κB pathway.

Objective To modify polyethyleneimine (PEI) by using Poloxamer 188 (P188) , and evaluate its related feature as carriers of genes in vitro. Methods PEI was modified through conjugating one hydroxyl group of P188 to the amino group of PEI by carbonate method. Structural analysis of synthesized polymer was performed by using 1H-NMR. The particle size and Zeta potential of synthesized polymer /DNA complexes were measured. The cytotoxicity of the complexes was evaluated using MTT method in MCF-7 cells, HeLa cells and HepG2 cells. The pGL3-lus was used as a reporter gene, and the transfection efficiency of complexesat HeLa cells was evalutated by measuring activity of luciferase. Results The result of 1H-NMR showed the purity of these synthesized polymers was high. The particle size of complexes were decreased with the increment of N /P ratios. The Zeta potential of complexes increased with the increment of N /P ratios. The cytotoxicity of the complexes increased with the increment of N /P ratios. The synthesized polymers showed lower cytotoxicity than unmodified PEI. The new synthesized polymers had maintained the high transfection efficiency at high N /P ratios. In particular, the optimal transfection efficiency of (P188) 1- PEI (N /P = 24) was significantly higher than that of PEI (N /P = 6) . Conclusion The P188 modifed PEI can serve as a effective non-viral gene carriers to transfect Hela cells.

目的 将不同自身抗体联合检测应用在系统性红斑狼疮患者中,分析诊断价值.方法 2015年5月—2017年10月该院收入的30例系统性红斑狼疮患者(实验组)及30名健康体检者(参照组)作为实验目标,两组受检者都接受不同自身抗体检测,并对实验组开展抗Sm+AnuA、抗dsDNA+AnuA、抗dsDNA+抗Sm、抗dsDNA+抗Sm+AnuA联合检测,观察和统计60例受检者的不同特异性自身抗体阳性检出情况,观察和统计30例系统性红斑狼疮患者不同自身抗体联合检测及单一抗dsDNA检测的阳性情况.结果 参照组健康体检者的ANA阳性例数、抗dsDNA阳性例数、AnuA阳性例数、抗Sm阳性例数、ARPA阳性例数、抗nRNP阳性例数、抗SSA阳性例数、抗SSB阳性例数、AHA阳性例数均少于实验组患者数据值(28例、10例、10例、7例、4例、8例、12例、8例、4例对比1例、0例、0例、0例、0例、0例、0例、0例、0例),(χ2=48.6341、12.0000、12.0000、7.9245、4.2857、9.2308、15.0000、9.2308、4.2857,P=0.0000、0.0005、0.0005、0.0048、0.0038、0.0023、0.0001、0.0023、0.0038<0.05),抗Sm+AnuA、抗dsDNA+AnuA、抗dsDNA+抗Sm、抗dsDNA+抗Sm+AnuA联合检测的阳性检出率均高于单一抗dsDNA检测的数据值(60.00％、63.33％、70.00％、73.33％对比33.33％),(χ2=4.2857、5.4060、8.0756、9.6429,P=0.0384、0.0200、0.0044、0.0019<0.05).结论 系统性红斑狼疮患者采用不同自身抗体联合检测获得较好诊断效果.

目的 研究在类风湿性关节炎中采取自身抗体、HLA-DR4、HLA-DR53检测的临床价值与意义.方法 该次纳入分析的对象为2015年8月—2017年8月期间该院参与诊治的33例类风湿性关节炎患者,将其作为实验组,选取同期来该院进行体检的33名健康体检人员作为参照组,均实行自身抗体检测、HLA-DR4、HLA-DR53检测,比较两组受检人员的相关检测结果 .结果实验组类风湿性关节炎患者HLA-DR53的54.54％、HLA-DR4的42.42％、ANA的63.63％、AKA的36.36％、anti-CCP的84.84％、APF的45.45％、anti-Sa的36.36％等对比参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).检测类风湿性关节炎患者之后特异度最高指标为APF、anti-Sa、anti-CCP,约登指数与敏感性最高指标为anti-CCP.结论 自身抗体检测与HLA-DR4、HLA-DR53检测之间的一致性比较高,采取联合检测,有利于临床诊断类风湿性关节炎疾病.

Objective To investigate the expression of CD4+/CD8+,B lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells in peripheral blood of patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and their correlation with the disease activity.Methods From January 2016 to June 2016,in Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University,the peripheral blood samples of 28 RA patients with moderate to severe disease activity [DAS28 (4) ESR:3.21-7.80] (RA group) and 30 health persons (normal control group) were collected.The flow cytometry was used to detect the T lymphocyte subsets,B lymphocyte and NK cell percentage and absolute counts.According to the homogeneity of variance,the statistical analysis was applied by t test or rank sum test.Results Compared with normal control group,the percentage of CD3+CD4+ T lympho cytes was increased significantly in peripheral blood of RA group [(47.46±12.10) ％ vs (40.85±7.70)％,P ＜ 0.05],there was no statistically significant difference of the percentage of CD3+CD8+ T lymphocytes (P ＞ 0.05),CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+T cell ratio significantly increased [(2.41±1.42) vs (1.57±0.61),P ＜ 0.05],there were no statistically significant differences of the count and percentage of Lymphocyte,total T lymphocyte,CD3-CD19+B lymphocyte,CD3-CD16+CD56+NK cells (P ＞ 0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the DAS28 score and the percentage or ratio of T lymphocyte subgroups in RA had no correlation.Conclusion The imbalance of CD4+/CD8+ ratio of T lymphocyte subgroups in peripheral blood may play an important role in the pathogenesis of RA.

目的:分析厄贝沙坦联合胺碘酮对风湿性心脏病患者N端脑钠肽前体及心室功能的影响.方法:选取2013年8月至2015年9月我院收治的80例风湿性心脏病患者,将所有患者随机分为两组,各40例.对照组采用胺碘酮治疗,观察组在胺碘酮治疗的基础上加用厄贝沙坦,比较两组治疗前、后心室功能及炎症因子水平.结果:治疗前,两组心室功能及炎症因子水平比较,差异不显著(P＞0.05);治疗后,观察组左室舒张末期内径、左室收缩末期内径、1L-4、IL-6、IL-8、肿瘤坏死因子-o、N端脑钠肽前体及超敏C反应蛋白水平低于对照组,收缩末期容量、左室舒张末容积、左心室射血分数及IL-10水平高于对照组,差异显著(P＜0.05).结论:厄贝沙坦联合胺碘酮在治疗风湿性心脏病患者中具有良好的临床效果,可有效提高患者心室功能,降低N端脑钠肽前体水平,使心血管得到恢复,在临床应用中值得推广.

Objective:To analyze the occurrence of adverse drug reactions(ADR) in our hospital in order to know the characteristics and regulars,and provide the reference of the reasonable clinical medicine use.Methods:190 ADR cases collected in our hospital between 2009 and 2010 were classified and analyzed statistically in respect of gender and age of patients,routes of administration,occurrence time of ADR,organs and systems involved and clinical manifestations,and so on.Results:In 190 cases ADR reports,the proportion of male were higher than that of female(1.31∶1).And 65 cases showed ADR among the over 70-year-old group,amounted to 34.21%.Intravenous drip(155 cases,81%) was the main route of administration.Conclusion:More atteneion should be paid to the monitoring and reporting of ADR so as to lessen the occurrence of ADR and ensure safety and rationality of drug use in clinic.