Knowledge regarding the relationship between the molecular mechanisms underlying atherosclerosis (AS) and transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) is limited. This study illustrated the expression profile of tsRNAs, thus exploring its roles in AS pathogenesis. Small RNA sequencing was performed with four atherosclerotic arterial and four healthy subject samples. Using bioinformatics, the protein-protein interaction network and cellular experiments were constructed to predict the enriched signalling pathways and regulatory roles of tsRNAs in AS. Of the total 315 tsRNAs identified to be dysregulated in the AS group, 131 and 184 were up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively. Interestingly, the pathway of the differentiated expression of tsRNAs in cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) was implicated to be closely associated with AS. Particularly, tRF-Gly-GCC might participate in AS pathogenesis via regulating cell adhesion, proliferation, migration and phenotypic transformation in HUVECs and VSMCs. In conclusion, tsRNAs might help understand the molecular mechanisms of AS better. tRF-Gly-GCC may be a promising target for suppressing abnormal vessels functions, suggesting a novel strategy for preventing the progression of atherosclerosis.

Ribosomal S6 kinase 4 (RSK4) is a putative tumor suppressor gene which is inactivated by epigenetic events in a number human malignancies; however, its role in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the methylation status of the RSK4 promoter in PTC, and to determine its potential role in thyroid carcinogenesis. Reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR (RT‑qPCR) and western blot analyses were performed to examine the RSK4 mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Methylation‑specific PCR (MSP) and bisulfite genomic sequencing (BGS) were used to analyze methylation status of the RSK4 gene. Sanger sequencing was further carried out to detect the BRAF V600E mutation. Cell proliferation assay was finally performed to evaluate the role of hypermethylation in the growth of PTC cells. The association between RSK4 methylation and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with PTC was assessed. The methylation frequency of the RSK4 promoter in PTC tissues was higher than that in paired paracancerous tissues. Coincidentally, the RSK4 mRNA levels were also downregulated in PTC tissues when compared with the paracancerous counterparts. The hypermethylation of RSK4 was associated with tumor size and lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, the BRAF V600E mutation may influence RSK4 expression and methylation. Moreover, RSK4 hypermethylation was observed in thyroid cancer cell lines, which was consistent with a lack of RSK4 expression. Upon the 5‑Aza‑deoxycytidine treatment of thyroid cancer cells, RSK4 expression was significantly upregulated, while cell proliferation was inhibited. On the whole, the findings of the present study demonstrate that the hypermethylation of the RSK4 promoter may be one of the mechanisms responsible for the poor RSK4 expression in PTC. Thus, these data suggest that RSK4 may serve as a molecular target for the early diagnosis and treatment of PTC.

Abstract Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is a major kind of thyroid cancer with increasing recurrence and metastasis. MiR-127 has been demonstrated to play roles in many cancers with dysregulation. However, the function of miR-127 is still unknown. This study aimed to explore a novel biomarker for the progression and prognosis of PTC. A set of 118 patients with PTC were collected from the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-127 in PTC tissues and cells. The association between miR-127 expression and the clinicopathological features of patients were evaluated by the χ2 test, and the prognostic value of miR-127 was evaluated by Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox regression analysis. The effect of miR-127 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of PTC was analyzed by CCK-8 and transwell assay. miR-127 was found to be upregulated in PTC tissues and cells correlated with the TNM stage and poor prognosis of PTC patients. MiR-127 and the TNM stage were considered as two independent prognostic indicators for PTC. Moreover, overexpression of miR-127 significantly enhanced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of PTC by targeting REPIN1. miR-127 may be involved in the progression of PTC, which provides a new therapeutic strategy for PTC.

慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)患病率高且逐年上升.CKD患者可出现多种并发症,慢性肾脏病矿物质和骨异常(CKD-mineral bone disease,CKD-MBD)是最重要的并发症之一,包括实验室指标异常、骨骼病变、血管及软组织钙化等.本例为尿毒症规律血液透析患者,尿毒症继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进(secondary hyperparathyroidism,SHPT),出现严重的并发症一瘤样钙质沉着症(tumoral calcinosis,TC).

目的 通过分析甲状旁腺全切联合自体移植术在中国尿毒症继发甲状旁腺功能亢进(SHPT)病人中应用的全因病死率、术后并发症、术后复发率、1次手术成功率、术后症状缓解率,评价该术式的临床疗效.方法 检索万方、维普、中国知网、PubMed等中英文数据库.纳入关于甲状旁腺全切联合自体移植术在中国尿毒症SHPT病人中应用的随机对照试验、非随机对照试验、病例对照研究、队列研究、病例报告论文纳入Meta分析.结果 共纳入了12项研究,包含375例中国尿毒症病人.经过分析,甲状旁腺全切联合自体移植术在中国尿毒症SHPT病人中应用的术后并发症发生率P=0.15(95％ CI 0.04～0.31);1次手术成功率P--0.93(95％ CI 0.90～0.96);术后复发率P=0.11 (95％ CI 0.06～0.17);全因病死率P=0.04(95％ CI 0.01～0.07);术后症状缓解率P=0.86 (95％ CI0.61～0.99).结论 甲状旁腺全切联合自体移植术在中国尿毒症SHPT病人中应用的疗效较为显著,术后不易复发且并发症的发生率较低.

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-conjugated polymer–lipid hybrid nanoparticles (TPLHC) were developed for the targeted delivery of cisplatin (CDDP) in thyroid cancers.

Objective:To investigate the indication,operation moment and clinical effect of laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC) combind with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)and endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST) in sequential treament of cholecystolithiasis combined with choledocholith.Methods:The clinical data of 63 patients suffering from both cholecystolithiasis and choledocholith who underwent EST and LC was analyzed retrospectively.First,the common bile duct calculi were removed by EST,then LC was performed 2-5 days later.Results:EST was performed successfully in 61 patients except 2 cases,and LC were carried out successfully in 59 cases,without postoperative complications(including hemorrhage and bile leakage).Conclusions:It is a safe and effective method to treat patients with both cholecystolithiasis and choledocholith by EST as well as LC.Due to the advantages of less trauma,faster rucovery,fewer complications and no T-tube drainage,it should be the first choice.

Objective To probe the epidemiological characteristics of hepatic angiomyolipoma(HAML) and its diagnosis and treatment in China in the past 23 years.Methods The reports about HAML which published in China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) and VIP Database were searched together,and the relevant information on epidemiological features,diagnosis and treatment of HAML,and the clinical data were retrieved and analyzed retrospectively.Results A total of 523 patients with HAML were reported in China from Jul.1987 to Dec.2010.The ratio of males to females was approximately 1:2.63;the average age was 41.7 years,and the patients whose ages from 35 to 55 years old accounted for 81.86 %.About 76.42% of the patients were distributed in east and north China.The patients without symptoms accounted for approximately 66.92 %.It needed to rely on the pathological and immunohistochemistry for definite diagnosis,the positive rate of HMB-45,SMA,Vimentin and CD117 which expressed in tumor cells were 98.85%,96.10%,65.85% and 40.71%,respectively.Surgical resection was still the main treatment of HAML.Conclusion HAML frequently occurrs in young and middle aged females and mainly distributs in east and north China areas.Due to the nonspecific clinical manifestations and the diversified imaging findings,the rate of preoperative diagnosis of HAML is low,and definite diagnosis of most of patients needs to rely on the pathological and immunohistochemistry.It is the reliable base to diagnose HAML with the positive of HMB-45 and SMA which expressed by tumor cells,surgical resection that could provide a good prognosis is the main treatment for curing HAML.

病例资料 患者,女,17岁,因"转移性左下腹痛20 h入院",患者以脐周痛起病,疼痛呈持续性,阵发性加剧,伴发热、寒战,伴咳嗽、咳痰,伴胸闷、憋气,无恶心、呕吐,15 h后疼痛逐渐转移并固定于左下腹,较前加重,体温38℃,查体发现右位心脏,左下腹反麦氏点固定压痛、反跳痛,腹肌略紧张,肠鸣音弱,余(-).化验检查:白细胞14.79×109/L,中性粒细胞0.97,余无异常.HCG(-).胸片示右位心脏;全腹CT示:全内脏转位,左侧阑尾炎可能(图1～3).诊断:左侧急性阑尾炎,全内脏转位.急诊行阑尾切除术,取左侧经腹直肌剖腹探查切口.术中见盲肠、阑尾位于左下腹,阑尾高度充血水肿,表面覆脓苔,逆行切除阑尾.术后予抗炎、对症治疗,7d顺利出院.术后病理示:急性化脓性阑尾炎.

<正>促结缔组织增生性小圆细胞瘤(desmoplasticsmall round cell tumor,DSRCT)是一种罕见的、恶性程度极高的小细胞肿瘤,95%以上病例发生在腹、盆腔内,称之为腹腔内促结缔组织增生性小圆细胞瘤(intra-abdominal desmoplastic small round cell tu-mor,IDSRCT),由于罕见、临床表现和影像缺乏特异