Aim. To determine the frequency of structural damage to the pyramidal tract in the region of crus posterius capsulae internae in children with a birthweight of less than one and a half kilograms with perinatal hypoxic damage to the nervous system using the value of fractional anisotropy according to diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance imaging at 39 weeks of post-conceptual age (PCA).Materials and methods. The study included 68 children born with a very low birthweight and 59 children with an extremely low birthweight demonstrating brain structural changes at 39 weeks of postconceptual age according to neurosonography. At 39 weeks of postconceptual age, the children included in the study underwent diffuse tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT MRI) with the determination of fractional anisotropy.Results. At 39 weeks of PCA, all children had impaired neurological status. During DT MRI, the area of interest was crus posterius capsulae internae. Significant differences in the nature of structural damage to the pyramidal tract in the area of interest between children born with a very low and extremely low birthweight were not observed.Conclusion. Damage to the pyramidal tract was observed in 22.0% of children born with an extremely low birthweight, and in 13.2% of children born with a very low birthweight; partial destruction of the pathways was noted in 47.5% and 45.6% of children, respectively. Intact pyramidal tracts were visualized in 30.5% of children born with an extremely low birthweight and 41.2% of children born with a very low birhtweight.

Aim. To study the allergic reactions in children with minimal brain dysfunctions and features their treatment. Materials and methods. Eighty two children with allergic reactions and minimal brain dysfunctions include on research. Results. The article presents data on the pathogenesis of allergic reactions in children with minimal brain dysfunction. The authors share their own experience with hydroxyzine having anxiolytic and antihistamine action in children with allergic reactions at the minimal brain dysfunction. Conclusion . Hydroxyzine has the high efficiency and safety for treatment allergic and neurotic symptoms in children.

Aim. Estimate the efficiency of improved complex therapy of premature with surgical pathology.Materials and methods. 374 medical histories of premature infants were studied. The number of medical histories for 2011 was 169, and the number of medical histories for 2016 was 205.Results. There is an increase in the number of premature with surgical pathology. The number of premature infants increased with a gestation period of less than 28 weeks and decreased among children with a gestation period of 32-34 weeks. The percentage of deceased children with a gestation period of 32-37 weeks has significantly decreased. Decrease in lethality of premature with surgical pathology in 2 times.Conclusion. Results of this study confirmed effectiveness of the improvement of complex therapy of premature with surgical pathology.

Aim. To determine the clinical, morphological and microbiological efficacy of treatment of gastric ulcer associated with Helicobacter pylori, using recombinant interleukin-2 "Roncoleukin" without antibiotics.Materials and methods. 108 patients suffering from HP-associated gastric ulcer disease were randomly divided into two groups. The I group of patients was cured with standard three or four component methods of therapy included proton pomp inhibitors and two antibiotics (usually Klaritromycin and Amoxicillin). Patients of the second group were treated with the same therapy, but instead of antibiotics they received 0,1 mg rIL-2 – Roncoleukin into four – six points submucously using gastroscope techniques and 0,4 mg was dissolved in 400 ml 0,9% NaCl and infused intravenously. This procedure was performed three times with the interval of 72 hours.Results. One month after the end of treatment it was found that in the group treated with rIL-2 the HP eradication achieved in 95,4% in comparison to 81,5% in control patients. In Roncoleukin treated group ulcer epithelization period was 10,79±0,46 days and in traditionally treated group – 35,23±1,58 days. In third month of monitoring in gastric mucosae bioptates of basic group patients in 93,5% there were no morphological inflammatory signs and in 81,4% of patients intestinal metaplasia disappiered. Conclusion. The proposed method of complex treatment of gastric ulcer associated with Helicobacter pylori is clinically and pathogenetically justified.

Aim. To determine the frequency of structural damage to the pyramidal tract in the region of crus posterius capsulae internae in children with a birthweight of less than one and a half kilograms with perinatal hypoxic damage to the nervous system using the value of fractional anisotropy according to diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance imaging at 39 weeks of post-conceptual age (PCA). Materials and methods. The study included 68 children born with a very low birthweight and 59 children with an extremely low birthweight demonstrating brain structural changes at 39 weeks of postconceptual age according to neurosonography. At 39 weeks of postconceptual age, the children included in the study underwent diffuse tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT MRI) with the determination of fractional anisotropy. Results. At 39 weeks of PCA, all children had impaired neurological status. During DT MRI, the area of interest was crus posterius capsulae internae. Significant differences in the nature of structural damage to the pyramidal tract in the area of interest between children born with a very low and extremely low birthweight were not observed. Conclusion. Damage to the pyramidal tract was observed in 22.0% of children born with an extremely low birthweight, and in 13.2% of children born with a very low birthweight; partial destruction of the pathways was noted in 47.5% and 45.6% of children, respectively. Intact pyramidal tracts were visualized in 30.5% of children born with an extremely low birthweight and 41.2% of children born with a very low birhtweight.