目的 探究颅底临床解剖标志与颅底肿瘤手术的安全性.方法 选取我院2012年1月～2017年1月收治的颅底肿瘤病区行颅底肿瘤手术患者30例为观察对象,回顾性分析陆地临床解剖标识在颅底肿瘤手术中的应用情况.结果 在颅底临床解剖标志的帮助下,30例患者中2例死亡,术中无严重颅脑并发症,术后3年内22例存活,术后5年内6例存活.结论 颅底临床解剖标志可作为颅底肿瘤手术的重要工具使用,深入了解不同颅底肿瘤手术的解剖标志对手术成功率和安全性均有所提升.

目的 探讨旁中线颅底鼻内镜手术入路及其应用解剖学.方法 应用Mimics软件对30例患者的成人颅底CT进行三维重建,在重建模型的基础上进行颅底相关结构测量.同时以10具湿性头颅标本为研究样本,于鼻内镜下旁中线进行解剖并观察.结果 翼管后端到中线距离为13.2±1.3 mm,破裂孔内缘到中线距离11.5±0.9 mm,颈动脉管外口内缘到中线距离29.0±1.7mm,颈静脉孔内缘到中线距离28.6±1.4 mm;犁骨后缘重点到双侧颈动脉管外口前缘连线距离16.5±2.2mm,到单侧颈动脉管外口距离31.8±1.8 mm,蝶骨角棘包绕咽鼓管骨口到颈动脉管外口距离5.9±1.0mm.结论 旁中线颅底鼻内镜手术的操作空间较充足,在旁中线颅底手术中,双侧颈动脉管外口与犁骨后跟深部距离较短,约1.7 cm左右,同时向深部分离3.2 cm基本可达单倜颈动脉管外口前缘;蝶骨角棘距颈动脉管外口前界相距约6 cm,也可作为手术入路解剖标识.同时无论选择何种解剖标识,均应注意安全操作范围,避免伤及患者颈动脉.

Objective To investigate the relationship between Notch signaling pathway and ep-ithelial mesenchymal transition in glioma cells.Methods Immunomagnetic bead was used to isolate brain glioma stem cells from human glioma tissue. The glioma stem cells were cultured in vitro. Immunofluorescence assay was used to identify the cells. RNA interference retroviral vector of Notch-1 gene(pSiRNA-Notch-1) was constructed. The experiment contained three groups: blank control group(non-transfected plasmid), negative control group(transfected with blank plasmid) and interference group(transfected with pSiRNA-Notch-1). The proliferation and differentiation of three groups were observed. The expression of mRNA and protein of Notch-1 and Hes-1 was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.Results The cell proliferation and cell differentiation absorbance(OD) of interference group after 7d were(1.332±0.614) and(1.203±0.783) respectively, which were significantly lower than that of blank control group and negative control group(P<0.05). The relative expression of mRNA and protein of Notch-1 and Hes-1 in interference group after 3 d proliferation was(0.189±0.021) and (0.301±0.121),(0.422±0.022) and(0.091±0.032), which was significantly lower than that in blank control group and negative control group(P<0.05). The relative expression of mRNA and protein of Notch-1 and Hes-1 in interference group after 3 d differentiation was(0.253±0.071) and(0.192±0.043),(0.178±0.022) and (0.101±0.012), which was significantly lower than that in blank control group and negative control group(P<0.05). Conclusions Notch signaling pathway plays an important role in proliferation and differentiation of glioma cells. Notch-1 and Hes-1 may be involved in the regulation of proliferation and differentiation, which needs further study.

Objective:To investigate clinical characteristics of chlamydia pneumoniae (CP) and mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection in acute asthma children.Methods: From January 2013 to January 2016, selected 80 cases of acute asthma children adopted in our hospital, including 41 cases of CP infection, 39 cases of MP infection, analyzed the clinical features of CP and MP infection.Results:CP and MP infection had similar clinical symptoms including headache, runny nose, cough, fever, etc. Vomiting and diarrhea caused by CP infection was more than by MP infection (P<0.05); hTe pleural effusion caused by MP infection was more than by CP infection (P<0.05); CP infection in children under 1 year old was 41.46%, and MP infection in children over 4 years of age, the proportion was 56.41%; hTe proportion of course of disease >3 months in CP infection was 48.78%, the proportion of course of disease >6 months in MP infection was 46.15%; CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD19+ and CD4+CD25+ levels in CP infection patients were signiifcantly higher than those in MP infected patients (P<0.05).Conclusion:Clinical characteristics can provide reference for the diagnosis of CP and MP infection in acute asthma children, and contribute to early diagnosis.

Objective To observe the expression changes of microRNA181c (miR-181c) in glioblastoma (GBM) and its effects on invasion and migration of tumor cells.Methods real-time PCR was used to detect the miR-181c expression in 41 GBM tissues (GBM group) and 15 normal brain tissues (control group).GBM cell line T98G was divided into four groups:groups A, B, C and D.In the groups A, B and C, the T98G was transfected with miR-181c with overexpression, control miRNA and miR-181c, respectively, but the group D without any treatment.After transfection 48 h, the invasion and migration in each group was investigated.Results Compared with the control group, the miR-181c expression was down-regulated in the GBM group, P<0.05.After transfection 48 h, the invasive cells in the groups B, C and D were more than those of the group A, P<0.05.Moreover, cell relative migration distance in the groups B, C and D was also longer than that of the group A, P<0.05.Conclusion The miR-181c is lowly expressed in GBM tissues, and the low miR-181c expression is closely related with GBM cell invasion and migration.

目的 探讨微小RNA-490-3p(miR-490-3p)对胶质瘤细胞增殖和凋亡的影响,观察miR-490-3p对胶质瘤生物学行为的影响.方法 通过荧光实时定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测16例胶质瘤样本、胶质瘤旁组织及4种胶质瘤细胞系中miR-490-3p的表达;利用人工合成miR-490-3p mimic瞬时转染脑胶质瘤细胞株,qRT-PCR检测细胞中miR-490-3p的表达水平;采用MTT比色法检测胶质瘤细胞增殖情况;流式细胞术检测胶质瘤细胞凋亡.结果 胶质瘤样本及胶质瘤细胞系中miR-490-3p的表达量较瘤旁与正常胶质细胞系显著降低,miR-490-3p mimic能够显著上调胶质瘤细胞株中miR-490-3p的表达水平,并显著抑制胶质瘤细胞株U251、U87细胞的增殖能力显著增加细胞凋亡数量;结论 miR-490-3p在胶质瘤样本及胶质瘤细胞系中呈现低表达,过表达miR-490-3p有效抑制了胶质瘤细胞株的增殖,增加凋亡,提示miR-490-3p可能成为胶质瘤治疗的新靶点.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of miR -181c inhibiting the invasion of glio‐blastoma cell line T98G .Methods Using RT -PCR and Western Blot to detect the expression of miR -181c and TGF-βrelated genes .The effect of miR -181c and TGF -βon the invasion of glioma cells was measured by Transwell .Using molecular cloning technology to design and clone the target gene 3'-UTR and its mutation region .Using luciferase assay to analyse the combination of miR -181c and target genes .Results mRNA and protein expression of miR -181c and TGF -βpathway associated genes TG‐FBR1 ,TGFBR2 and TGFBRAP1 decreased (P< 0 .05) .miR-181c could weaken the invasion of T98G cells by influencing TGF -βsignal and the 3'-UTR of TGFBR1 ,TGFBR2 and TGFBRAP1 were direct targets of miR-181c .Conclusions miR -181c can inhibit the invasive ability of glioma cell line T 98G by regulating the TGF -βsignaling pathway ,and it can be an important molecule for glioblastoma treatment .