A new one-stage method has been developed for the production of aminocarboxyl ion exchanger FIBAN K-6 based on polyacrylonitrile fibre using inexpensive and accessible reagents. The new aminocarboxyl ion exchanger FIBAN K-6M with controlled swelling in water was obtained from the fibrous ion exchanger FIBAN K-6. The sorption properties of FIBAN K-6 and K-6M fibres from multicomponent solutions were studied. The advantages of these ion exchangers are shown not only in comparison with other aminocarboxyl ion exchangers FIBAN K-3 and K-5, but also with the best sorbents of heavy metal ions FIBAN X-1 and X-2 with iminodiacetate groups. It has been established that the mechanical properties of the fibrous cation exchanger FIBAN K-6M allow to process it into non-woven material or yarn with high yield and use it in the form of cartridges in water purification filters.

The sorption properties of new iminodiacetate fibrous cation exchanger FIBAN XC-1 synthesized on a chemically resistant matrix of polypropylene fiber with a grafted copolymer of styrene and divinylbenzene, which can withstand elevated temperatures and aggressive environments, were studied. It was shown that the fibrous chelate ion exchanger FIBAN XC-1 is an effective sorbent of heavy and non-ferrous metals from multi-ionic aqueous solutions under static and dynamic conditions. It was found that the cation exchanger operates at high speeds up to 20 column volumes / min in water purification from copper and lead ions (purification from Cu2+ – 82 % and purification from Pb2+– 65 %). It was found that the fibrous chelate ion exchanger FIBAN XC-1 is easily regenerated and does not lose its sorption and mechanical properties in the sorption– regeneration cycles.

The sorption properties of new iminodiacetate fibrous cation exchanger FIBAN XC-1 synthesized on a chemically resistant matrix of polypropylene fiber with a grafted copolymer of styrene and divinylbenzene, which can withstand elevated temperatures and aggressive environments, were studied. It was shown that the fibrous chelate ion exchanger FIBAN XC-1 is an effective sorbent of heavy and non-ferrous metals from multi-ionic aqueous solutions under static and dynamic conditions. It was found that the cation exchanger operates at high speeds up to 20 column volumes / min in water purification from copper and lead ions (purification from Cu 2+ – 82 % and purification from Pb 2+ – 65 %). It was found that the fibrous chelate ion exchanger FIBAN XC-1 is easily regenerated and does not lose its sorption and mechanical properties in the sorption– regeneration cycles.

Polymer analogous transformations of a "nitron" fiber were established and a new amino carboxylic fibrous cation exchanger FIBAN X-2 was obtained. It is shown that FIBAN X-2 is an effective sorbent of heavy and non-ferrous metals from multi-ionic aqueous solutions, regardless of the method of fiber amination. The cation exchanger obtained by amination of a "nitron" fiber in the vapor phase absorbs Mn+2 twice as much as the ion exchanger obtained by amination in the aqueous solution.

New N,S-containing fibrous ion exchangers were prepared by polymer-analogous transformations of Nitron fiber, involving amination with polyethylenepolyamines (ethylenediamine and diethylenetriamine), followed by the reaction of the aminated fiber with carbon disulfide. The materials obtained efficiently take up silver ions from multicomponent aqueous solutions of metal ions and from dilute solutions containing calcium ions.

Structure of fibrous chelate ion exchangers FIBAN X-1 and FIBAN X-2 prepared by a two-step synthesis was studied by IR Fourier spectroscopy. The first step of the ion exchanger preparation consists in the production of an aminated fiber (AF). The process can be carried out in different phases: either vapor, or aqueous. It is found that conditions of the synthesis of AF affect differently the ion exchanger structure. For the ion exchanger FIBAN X-1 it does not a matter in which phase is AF synthesized, and the FIBAN X-1 sorbent has amidoamine structure. The structure of chelate ion exchanger FIBAN X-2 depends on the conditions of the synthesis of AF. When the process is carried out in aqueous medium the FIBAN X-2 has amidoamine structure, while amination in the vapor phase leads to formation of the FIBAN X-2 ion exchanger mainly containing in its structure imidazoline rings.

It was shown that the mechanism of thermostabilization of the substituted chromium form of the fibrous sulfo cation-exchanger Fiban K-1 is due to the formation of chromium complexes and polystyrene sulfonicacid and then sulfates.

A procedure was suggested for the synthesis of 2,5-dimethyl-2- tert -alkylperoxy-5-lithiooxy-5-methyl(phenyl)-5-naphthyl(aryl)alk-3-ynes by the reactions of the corresponding monosubstituted peroxyalkynes with butyllithium, followed by the reactions of the resulting lithium peroxy acetylenides with 4-methoxybenzophenone and 1- and 2-acetonaphthones. Lithium peroxy alcoholates are hydrolyzed with water to form peroxy-containing alcohols and react with methyl iodide in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide to form the corresponding 2,5-dimethyl-2- tert -alkylperoxy-5-methoxy-5-methyl(phenyl)-5-naphthyl(aryl)alk-3-ynes. The thermal stability of the peroxides prepared was evaluated by thermal analysis.

Thermal degradation of palladium-containing samples of Fiban K-1 fibrous sulfonic cation exchanger in the H form fabricated by ion exchange and reduced with hydrazine hydrate was investigated by methods of DTA, x-ray phase analysis, mass spectrometry, and EPR spectroscopy. It was found that palladium in the reduced state added to the cation exchanger in relatively small amounts, 1.5-2.5 wt. %, stabilizes the hydrocarbon matrix (increases the temperature of the onset of desulfurization of the sulfonic cation exchanger and thermal degradation of the hydrocarbon matrix). With a higher content (14%), palladium significantly changes these characteristics, manifested by a decrease in the temperature of the onset of desulfurization of the ion exchanger and thermal degradation of the hydrocarbon matrix.

Reactions of aliphatic and alicyclic ketones with lithium tert-alkylperoxyacetylides gave lithium peroxy alcoholates. Their reactions with trialkyl borates yielded peroxide-containing lithium tetraalkoxyborates.