Tyrosinemia type I (HT1) is a rare genetic disease that leads to the development of cirrhosis of the liver, liver failure, and tubulopathy. In this connection there is necessary the early diagnosis and timely initiation of the pathogenetic treatment. The aim of the work was the elaboration of algorithm for a diagnostics of hereditary HT1 in children. We observed 17 children (8 boys and 9 girls) with HT1. There were investigated data of both of the life and disease history ofpatients, there were evaluated changes in clinical and laboratory indices at the onset of the disease. There are established significant clinical and laboratory diagnostic criteria at the onset of HT1 in infants with consequent construction of diagnostic algorithm of this form of pathology. Stepwise diagnosis allows to early detect this disease yet at the first level of the delivery of medical aid in conditions ofprimary health care. Early beginning of specific therapy of HT1 provides for the prevention of disability and death of sick children. Step-by-step diagnostics of HT1 allows to implement the selection ofpatients who need performing of molecular genetic study.

Irrational nutrition may results in physical and intellectual maldevelopment of children and reduction in body resistance to aggressive environmental factors. Study objective. Assessment of physical development and nutrition of 1-3-year-old children living in Moscow. Methods. The authors examined 106 1-3-year-old children: group I (n = 59) was made up of 1-2-year-old children, group II (n = 47) – of 2-3-year-old children. Anthropometric data were evaluated with WHO software AnthroPlus; the authors calculated Z-score parameters: weight-for-age (WAZ), height-for-age (HAZ) and BMI-for-age (BAZ). Nutrition was assessed by reproducing a 3-day diet (actual diet) using software Dietplan 6. The authors analyzed the volume of the eaten food, the daily caloric content and the amount of consumed proteins, fats and carbohydrates. Results. Most examined children (76.4%) were characterized by age-medium parameters of physical development and nutrition (BAZ from -2 to +1). Excess body weight and obesity were observed in 1/5 of the children (BAZ > 1). In the children with excess body weight, especially in 1-2-year-old children, excessive consumption of food (by 200-300 g/day, p < 0.001), proteins (by 47.5%) and fats (by 36.7%), as well as excessive caloric content (by 21.3%, p < 0.001) were observed (in comparison with the recommended consumption standards). Conclusion. The identified nutritional disorders in 1-3-year-old children (overeating and unbalanced diet) result in excess body weight and even development of obesity. The children with high birth weight and high baseline BAZ score may be considered an obesity risk group. The BAZ score is the most informative parameter for a child’s nutritive status assessment.

The article presents submitted data of population dynamics of adolescent (10-17 years old) in Russian Federation over the period of 1995-2012 In the presence of reduction by 8.2 million of adolescent population the top-priority task of adolescent health and life maintenance was declared. The article deals with physical growth and development statistics of schoolchildren of 15-19 years old: as opposed to peers of 80-es increase of length, body weight and circumference of chest as well as reduction of muscle strength is observed. On the ground of the data analysis of authoritative statistical reporting the increase of morbidity rate by factor of 1.4 was detected over the last 10 years. It has been established that the true morbidity level is above the authoritative by the factor of 1.5. The number of adolescent at the age of 10-15 referred to 1st and 2nd health groups decreased almost on 20%, at the same time pathological processes become chronic. The reproductive and mental health of adolescent at the age of 15-17 years was analyzed over the last 10 years. The rate of mental health disorders in adolescent living in country is more than in the peers living in cities by the factor of 1.2-1.4. The rate of period disorders, salpingitis and oothecitis increased in girls under 10 years and ones at the age of 15-17. The rate and structure of child disability was analyzed. It was fixed that leading causes of adolescent disability are mental disorders, diseases of nervous system, congenital anomalies. The most commonly encountered seed of physical dysfunction is capacity to study. It is demonstrated that there is misreporting on both child disability in totally and adolescent disability in Russian Federation. After the analysis of particular provisions of legislation concerning medical and social issues of child disability the week points were detected. The morbidity rate of adolescent was studied: primary cause of death in adolescent is extrinsic factor (more than 70%), the leading one is suicide. Road traffic accidents and accidental poisoning comes then. The medical and social consequences of high morbidity, disability and mortality rates of adolescent were considered as labour, reproductive and military potential of society and state. Short-term and long-term plans focused on decrease of morbidity, disability and mortality rates of adolescent were formulated on the basis of submitted data. search for solution is supposed to be nationwide and local as well (public health service, education, social protection).

The article presents the results of questionnaire survey of mothers brining up disabled children aged from 1 to 4 years organized to evaluate respondents' satisfaction with delivered medical care and to establish mothers'awareness of disease of child. The results testify that alongside with applied measures directed to improve quality of medical care the activities are needed to be applied to parents to increase their awareness of child health condition, causes of development of disease and characteristics of its course, methods and perspectives of treatment and prognosis of disease.

Dynamics of main characteristics of children's health (morbidity, disablement and mortality rates) for the last 15 years is followed up. Results of analysis of official statistics and relevant scientific research are reported. The most important factors influencing children's health in the course of development are discussed. Medico-social implications of deterioration and stabilization of selected health indices are considered. Main strategies for the solution of current problems related to children's health protection, improvement and repair are outlined.

The detailed analysis of the level and structure of adolescents? morbidity, the structure of causes of restrictions of youth fitness to military service is presented. The article also includes the data on the rate of gynecological disorders, the structure of extra gynecological pathology impacting the possibilities to implement the reproductive function on girls. The major measures to enhance the diagnostic and curative and health-improving care of adolescents are substantiated and developed. The techniques of calculating the additional volumes of medical care and the limits of their financing are presented.

The analysis of dynamics of official statistics rates (population size, morbidity, disability, and mortality), and results of special scientific studies (morbidity, physical development), make it possible to show basic tendencies of children’s health state changes in modern conditions. The result of pediatrists from out-patient clinics survey, questioning of parents and adolescents (12–17 years old), on the problem of children’s health service, are presented. Questionnaire poll was held in regions of Central, Privolzhskiy, and Siberian Federal Districts. The complex analysis of obtained results show low quality level and accessibility of prophylactic and treatment medical service in children. This data became the basis of main directions of work of controlling and public health service in the field of increasing of quality and accessibility of pediatric medical service in out-patient clinics.Key words: children, medical service, out-patient clinics, quality, accessibility.(Voprosy sovremennoi pediatrii — Current Pediatrics. 2009;8(4):5-9)

The article highlights the data on the physical development of the school aged children, frequency of its violations and age dynamics of indices, characterizing the mineralization of the bone tissue among children. The author confirmed close relations between the mineralization of the bone tissue and the level of the physical development. She showed that some indices of the physical development should be used, while splitting children between the osteopenia and osteoporosis risk groups.Key words: osteopenia among children, physical development, osteoporosis risk groups.