Numerous literature data show the role of mycoplasma infection in the development of non-respiratory lesions of various organs and systems, including the skin. Herpesvirus and mycoplasma infections can trigger the development of immune-mediated inflammatory reactions of the skin and mucous membranes — erythema multiforme exudative, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, vesicular pustular dermatosis — Sneddon-Wilkinson syndrome, etc.In order to study the frequency and nature of skin lesions with mycoplasmosis combined with herpesvirus infection, 45 patients aged 3 to 15 years of life were observed. A comprehensive clinical and laboratory study revealed skin lesions in 27 patients associated with current mycoplasma and herpesvirus infections. Thus, multiforme exudative erythema in the small form variant was diagnosed in 13 patients, skin vasculitis in 4, hemorrhagic purpura in 3, urticaria rash in 3, erythema nodosum in 2, mucositis in 2 children. In 18 children, a combined mycoplasma and herpesvirus infection was established. In 9 children, a mono infection was detected (in 5 — herpes virus and in 4 — mycoplasma).All observed patients showed antibodies to smooth muscle antigens in titers from 1:80 to 1:160 (normal 1:40) and in the vast majority (in 24 patients) — antibodies to vascular endothelial antigens in titers from 1:80 to 1:320 (with the norm of 1:40). Compaction of the intima-media complex was detected in 6 patients with monoinfection and in 16 patients with co-infection, according to ultrasound duplex scanning of the vessels of the brachiocephalic department.Thus, for various immuno-inflammatory, allergic skin diseases, screening for infections, in particular, mycoplasma and herpesvirus, is necessary to optimize treatment.

Numerous literature data show the role of mycoplasma infection in the development of non-respiratory lesions of various organs and systems, including the skin. Herpesvirus and mycoplasma infections can trigger the development of immune-mediated inflammatory reactions of the skin and mucous membranes — erythema multiforme exudative, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, vesicular pustular dermatosis — Sneddon-Wilkinson syndrome, etc. In order to study the frequency and nature of skin lesions with mycoplasmosis combined with herpesvirus infection, 45 patients aged 3 to 15 years of life were observed. A comprehensive clinical and laboratory study revealed skin lesions in 27 patients associated with current mycoplasma and herpesvirus infections. Thus, multiforme exudative erythema in the small form variant was diagnosed in 13 patients, skin vasculitis in 4, hemorrhagic purpura in 3, urticaria rash in 3, erythema nodosum in 2, mucositis in 2 children. In 18 children, a combined mycoplasma and herpesvirus infection was established. In 9 children, a mono infection was detected (in 5 — herpes virus and in 4 — mycoplasma). All observed patients showed antibodies to smooth muscle antigens in titers from 1:80 to 1:160 (normal 1:40) and in the vast majority (in 24 patients) — antibodies to vascular endothelial antigens in titers from 1:80 to 1:320 (with the norm of 1:40). Compaction of the intima-media complex was detected in 6 patients with monoinfection and in 16 patients with co-infection, according to ultrasound duplex scanning of the vessels of the brachiocephalic department. Thus, for various immuno-inflammatory, allergic skin diseases, screening for infections, in particular, mycoplasma and herpesvirus, is necessary to optimize treatment.

The results are presented of a comprehensive study in 108 children aged 6 months up to 12 years, suffering various variants of mycoplasmal and herpesvirus infections (HVI): in mono and mixed combinations. The aim of the study was a comparative assessment of the state of the microbiota of the two main biotopes, the oropharynx and the intestine, depending on the variant of mycoplasmosis and HVI flow.A correlation was established between the depth of dysbiosis of these biotopes, the variant of the course of mycoplasmosis and HVI, and cardiovascular disorders. Immunological criteria for the formation of post-inflammatory fibrosis of blood vessels and heart valves against the background of vasculitis in mycoplasmal-herpesvirus infection have been determined.

Bartonelloses are a group of human diseases caused by gram-negative, aerobic, facultative intracellular bacteria, which only grow in the presence of blood or erythrocyte cleavage products. The diseases are characterized with multiple forms of clinical manifestations due to by systemic damage to internal organs. The clinical case presented by the authors demonstrates the difficulties of the bartonellosis diagnosis in children. The purpose of the demonstration is making aware of the problem of bartonellosis not only specialists in infectious diseases, but also pediatricians. It should be kept in mind that any atypical manifestation of the disease is the reason to rule out infectious pathology. In view of high prevalence of Bartonella among both domestic and wild animals, general immunodeficiency of the population, an increase in the number of HIV-infected patients, an unfavourable environmental and migration situation, the problem of Bartonellosis acquires great social importance for the population of Russia.

The results are presented of a comprehensive study in 108 children aged 6 months up to 12 years, suffering various variants of mycoplasmal and herpesvirus infections (HVI): in mono and mixed combinations. The aim of the study was a comparative assessment of the state of the microbiota of the two main biotopes, the oropharynx and the intestine, depending on the variant of mycoplasmosis and HVI flow. A correlation was established between the depth of dysbiosis of these biotopes, the variant of the course of mycoplasmosis and HVI, and cardiovascular disorders. Immunological criteria for the formation of post-inflammatory fibrosis of blood vessels and heart valves against the background of vasculitis in mycoplasmal-herpesvirus infection have been determined.

The article presents an extensive clinical experience about the treatment and prevention of influenza by oseltamivir for children and adults including high-risk group patients through different countries around the world over the past 17 years. The article reveals the causes of resistance to oseltamivir with a relative evolution proportion. The new domestic drug Nomides (oseltamivir), which manufactured by Pharmasintez JSC (Russia) in accordance with the Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP), has been represented in the article by unique dosage forms 30 and 45 mg on the Russian market for childrens older than one years old.

Благодаря новым методам диагностики инфекционных заболеваний накопилось много данных о новых пневмотропных вирусах - метапневмовирусе и бокавирусе, вызывающих инфекции, часто с осложнениями в виде тяжелых бронхиолитов, альвеолитов и пневмоний, особенно у детей с ослабленной иммунной системой. Нередко при бокавирусной инфекции имеет место сочетанное поражение дыхательных путей и ЖКТ в форме гастроэнтерита. В настоящее время не существует разработанного этиотропного лечения метапневмо- и боковирусной инфекций. Развитию острых инфекционно-воспалительных заболеваний дыхательных путей и их осложнений, таких как пневмония, гайморит, отит и др. способствуют различные нарушения в иммунной системе, одним из важнейших компонентов которой является система интерферонов. Индуктор интерферонов Кагоцел хорошо зарекомендовал себя в ряде экспериментальных и клинических исследований: у детей, получавших терапию Кагоцелом, независимо от этиологии выделенных вирусов, достоверно быстрее купировались лихорадка и признаки интоксикации, сокращались длительность катарального и воспалительного синдромов со стороны верхних и нижних дыхательных путей.

As a result of many years of research, the role of Herpesviridae IV, V and VI types in the structure of various pathologies in children (with infectious mononucleosis (MI), CNS damage, long-term subfebrile syndrome, vasculitis syndrome, hepatitis, etc.) has been proven. MI is a polyethological disease associated with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV) and human herpesvirus type 6 (HHV6), occurring in mono(58%) and mixed infections in various combinations of herpesviruses (42%). Clinical manifestations of MI are typical and do not depend on etiology. With CMV and HHV6 IM, the response to heterophilic antibodies is always negative. Markers of herpesvirus infections were detected in 87% of children observed with neurological pathology. Children with diagnoses such as convulsive syndrome, epilepsy, neuropathy need a comprehensive examination (ELISA, PCR, Indirect immunofluorescence reaction) to identify markers of active replication of herpes viruses, with an emphasis on the detection of HHV6. In 44% of cases, the role of active herpesvirus infection in the etiology of prolonged subfebrile fever in children was proven, with mixed forms (78%) prevailing over monoinfection (22%). To identify the active forms of herpesvirus infection, it is important to detect the markers of viral replication. For EBV, this is the DNA of the virus in the blood, a smear from the tonsils and saliva, antigens of the complete assembly of EBV in blood lymphocytes, antibodies to the capsid antigen (VCA) of IgM and IgG classes, and IgG to the early (EA) antigen. With CMV infection, complete virus assembly antigens (pp65 and pp72) in blood lymphocytes and/or DNA of the virus in the blood, virus DNA in saliva and urine, antibodies to the IgM class virus and high IgG class titer in the blood. With HHV6 infection, the DNA of the virus in the blood, a smear from tonsils and saliva, complete antigens of HHV6 in blood lymphocytes, specific IgM and/or IgG antibodies are 2—4 times higher than the diagnostic values.

The article is devoted postzoster neuralgia, which presents a literature review and clinical case own observations — unfavorable outcome of varicella in a child of 7 years in the form of formed postzoster ganglionitis facial and trigeminal nerve - Hunt syndrome, neuropathy greater occipital nerve. Debated tactics of complex treatment and prevention methods for this pathology

We examined 40 sickly children with recurrent croup (RC — 28) and bronchial obstruction (ROB — 8), (RC + ROB — 4) aged from 18 months till 14 years. We found that high frequency of persistent herpes viruses usually occurs as associations with CMV, EBV and human herpes virus 6 type. We substantiated anti viral and immune corrective therapy in two schemes compared in efficacy: the 1st group was administered monotherapy with Viferon, and the 2nd group received combined therapy Viferon + Arbidol in doses according to the age during three months. We received a more expressed clinical immunologic effect from the therapy with decreased antigenic load and frequency of recurrence of RC and ROB with Viferon application in suppositories in combination with Arbidol per orally in the intermittent scheme during three months.

Presents literary and own data (52 patients) on the role of mycoplasma infection. Mycoplasma infection is associated with long-term antigenemia in children, causes recurrent disease and autoimmunity. Among the 52 examined patients diagnosed with pneumonia in 17, bronchitis — from 19, rhinosinusitis  — at 11, StevensJohnson syndrome — in 2 children.  In half the cases mycoplasmosis occurs against the backdrop of persistent active herpes virus infection (in 27 children (52%). To optimize the causal and pathogenetic therapy mycoplasma requires correction of immune disorders.

Based on the literature data and our personal observations in the article discusses the types of variants of the course of nervous system caused by herpesviruses. In the description of a clinical case demonstrated a classic example of limbic encephalitis infectious etiology. The study involved 36 children with various neurological and infectious diseases: 19 children with the diagnosis - convulsions, 8 children with the diagnosis — epilepsy, 5 children with acute viral encephalitis, 3 children with neuropathies. It was established that in the genesis of diseases such as epilepsy, convulsive syndrome, limbic encephalitis, neuropathy peripheral nerves leading role belongs to of herpes virus infection, in which the dominant role belongs HHV-6 infection. Pathogenetically proved the impact of the virus on the receptor apparatus of glia with the disorder of the functional state of mitochondria of these cells. According to our own observations provided data that result in persistence of HHV-6 variant-in mono or in combination with other herpesviruses growing threat of epilepsy and other neurological disorders.

The authors presented a review of literature of necrotizing fasciitis in children. A rare case of necrotizing fasciitis in 3-year-old child is described. The difficulties of differential diagnostics of the given disease are presented.

The level of acute respiratory infections (ARI) morbidity is still high nowadays among all age groups. The certain danger has influenza infection, which is characterized by severe course, especially in children, high risk of complications, which can occur at different period of time after the onset of the disease, that is what makes influenza one of the most urgent challenges in pediatrics. The results of efficacy and safety evaluation of Russian immunomodulating drug with interferonogenesis induction action in children younger preschool age.