Adrenergic innervation in the tissue of the cervical, mesenteric, and popliteal lymph nodes in rats of different age groups (from 2-45 days to 24 months) was studied using the specific fluorescence-microscopic imaging of catecholamines. Adrenergic innervation in the lymph nodes of rats is present from the first days of life, but it develops and complicates during postnatal ontogeny and is fully formed by thedays 20-30 of life. By the age of one month, adrenergic innervation represents a well-formed apparatus in all parts of the node, i.e. in the capsule, trabeculae, and cortical and medullary substance. These are brightly fluorescent nerve fibers that form plexuses with regularly located multiple varicosities. In senile animals, the density and number of plexuses in all parts of the lymph node are preserved, but the brightness of plexuses decreases, plexus fibers become discontinuous, varicosities become less frequent or disappear. These changes are seen in lymph nodes from different body regions.

The purpose of this study was to identify the corrective properties of a number of medicinal herbs for age-related changes in the aging body. In an experimental study on 8 groups of old animals, a number of medicinal herbs of the Kazakh flora were studied: Ziziphora Bunge, Almaty hawthorn, St. John's wort, Echinacea purpurea, kopeechnik, badan thick-leaved on the parameters of the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems. All the medicinal herbs tested by us affected the animal body to some extent and, according to the studied indicators, showed a positive effect in the direction of a younger organism. There was an increase in lymph flow, diuresis, weight loss, changes in the indicators of swellability, blood and lymph viscosity, blood pressure and heart rate. The data from the screening study allowed us to further combine them into a phytocomposition for subsequent studies in order to correct changes in the old body.

Search for drugs that affect the functions of the lymphatic system in normal state and under various pathologies is extremely relevant and important. Intensive research is being conducted worldwide based on the idea of influencing any pathological process through the lymphatic system. One promising strategy is the use of herbal medicines as integrative, complementary and preventive therapy. The active components in medical plants have always been an important source of clinical therapeutics and their molecular pharmacology offers a great chemical diversity with often multi-pharmacological activity. In this review, we mainly analyzed the immunomodulating/anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of important Kazakhstani plants (Ribes nigrum, Crataegus almaatensis, Ziziphora bungeana, Alhagi kirgisorum, Rosa majalis, Hypericum perforatum, and Bergenia crassifolia). These plants have industrial reserves on the territory of Kazakhstan, and they have been used in traditional medicine since ancient times and are approved for use in official medicine. They are characterized by a high content of polyphenols, polysaccharides which have a stimulating effect on the lymphatic flow and promote the activation of the synthesizing apparatus and mitochondria in lymphoid cells and macrophages in the regional lymph nodes. In addition, they have a stimulating effect on the cellular composition of the lymph node and other synergistically acting biologically active compounds necessary for treatment and prevention of lymphatic system diseases.

The spontaneous contractile activity of isolated lymph nodes and the lymph flow from intestine lymphatic vessel in antiorthostatic posture of rats with an inclination angle of 30 degrees during 7-14 days, was decreased. Contractions of the rat lymph nodes in response to actions of adrenaline, acetylcholine and histamine were diminished. There are changes of biochemical components of lymph and blood plasma with simultaneous decrease of the blood plasma volume. It is concluded that the lymphatic system on antiorthostatic posture plays the compensatory role with the purpose of stabilization of homeostasis in the brain.