Проведено исследование состава макро- и микроэлементов золы растительного сырья: выявлены преобладающие основные (матричные) элементы, установлены их химические формы и уровень содержания. Показано, что прямой анализ минеральных остатков методом дуговой атомно-эмиссионной спектроскопии с многоканальным анализатором эмиссионных спектров (ДАЭС с МАЭС) осложнен влиянием макрокомпонента и его химической формы на интенсивность спектральных линий контролируемых примесей. Доказана возможность устранения этого влияния путем введения корректирующей добавки. Предложена методика анализа массовой доли макро- и микроэлементов в золе растений и проведена ее метрологическая аттестация. Предел количественного определения для большинства элементов составляет 0,01 мкг/г.

The composition of macroelements and trace elements in ash of plant raw materials was studied. The prevailing basic (matrix) elements were revealed. Their chemical forms and content levels were established. Direct analysis of mineral residues by arc atomic emission spectroscopy (AAES) with a multichannel analyzer of emission spectra (MAES) was shown to be complicated by the influence of a macrocomponent and its chemical form on the spectral line intensities of controlled target impurities. This effect could be eliminated by introducing a correcting additive. A method for determining the mass fractions of macroelements and trace elements in plant ash was proposed and certified metrologically. The limit of quantitation by AAES/MAES for most elements amounted to 0.01 μg.

Study of macro- and microelement composition of the ash of plant raw materials revealed the prevailing matrix elements, their chemical form and content. It is shown that direct determination of the impurities in mineral residues by the method of arc atomic emission spectroscopy with a multichannel analyzer of emission spectra (MAÉS) is complicated by the impact of the macro component and its chemical form on the intensity of the spectral lines of the impurities. Introduction of a corrective additive is proved to eliminate this effect. A technique for measuring the mass fraction of macro elements and trace elements in plant ash is proposed and metrological certification of the procedure is carried out.

The goal of the study is the choice of algorithms for optimization of arc atomic emission spectral analysis with MAÉS to elaborate the techniques of quantitative spectral analysis of different objects. The choice of the algorithms is performed on an example of geologic objects with alumosilicate matrix. Determination of the elemental composition of such geological objects is important for obtaining markers, studying geochronological processes, and searching for mineral deposits.