1ФГБОУ ВО «Волгоградский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, Волгоград, e-mail: olgaa-75@mail.ru В данной статье авторами рассмотрена проблема встречаемости объемных образований гайморовых пазух, выявленных при исследовании компьютерных томограмм на стоматологическом приеме. При анализе томограмм челюстей авторами учитывались следующие характеристики объемных образований: локализация, форма, размер. Объемные образования имели в большинстве случаев двухстороннюю локализацию, чаще в области дна гайморовых пазух. По форме в основном были представлены пристеночным утолщением слизистой оболочки. В размере образования варьировали от 5 до 20 мм. В связи с доступностью высокотехнологичных аппаратов для рентгенологической диагностики увеличивается частота выявления данной патологии, причиной которой могут быть различные заболевания полости носа и околоносовых пазух. В результате исследования определено, что частота встречаемости объемных образований в гайморовых пазухах составляет 14,4%. Ключевые слова: гайморит, синусит, утолщение слизистой оболочки, частота встречаемости объемных образований, онкологическая настороженность.

The objective of this study is to determine a selection criterion that is applicable for the treatment of patients with dental arch asymmetry caused by loss of a premolar on one side of the mouth. Material and methods. Fifty-seven patients (first maturity level) who had some teeth extracted for orthodontic treatment were included in the study. The patients were divided into basic and control groups. We proposed to shape the extraction socket immediately after the extraction of a permanent tooth. In the basic group the extraction sockets were filled with osteoplastic material. Patients in the control group refused any surgical interventions. Results. According to a given criterion, the correlation between tooth size and dental arch parameters has been determined. When applying this criterion for finding the correlation, the frontal distal diagonal size of the dental arch was multiplied by 1.14 coefficient. The sum of the mesiodistal diameters of seven teeth in the half-arc was subtracted from the obtained value. The value which was equal to 0±1.0mm indicated the correlation between tooth size and dental arch parameters. Conclusion. If there is a correlation between tooth size and dental arch parameters, it is advisable to provide treatment associated with having the post-extraction socket opened and implant therapy performed (most commonly with the use of intraosseous dental implants).

The objective of this study is to determine a selection criterion that is applicable for the treatment of patients with dental arch asymmetry caused by loss of a premolar on one side of the mouth. Material and methods. Fifty-seven patients (first maturity level) who had some teeth extracted for orthodontic treatment were included in the study. The patients were divided into basic and control groups. We proposed to shape the extraction socket immediately after the extraction of a permanent tooth. In the basic group the extraction sockets were filled with osteoplastic material. Patients in the control group refused any surgical interventions. Results. According to a given criterion, the correlation between tooth size and dental arch parameters has been determined. When applying this criterion for finding the correlation, the frontal distal diagonal size of the dental arch was multiplied by 1.14 coefficient. The sum of the mesiodistal diameters of seven teeth in the half-arc was subtracted from the obtained value. The value which was equal to 0±1.0mm indicated the correlation between tooth size and dental arch parameters. Conclusion. If there is a correlation between tooth size and dental arch parameters, it is advisable to provide treatment associated with having the post-extraction socket opened and implant therapy performed (most commonly with the use of intraosseous dental implants).

The objective of the study is to develop an algorithm for determining the correlation between tooth size, dental arch parameters and the craniofacial complex. Material and methods. 178 patients with physiological occlusion of permanent teeth and neutral type of jaw growth were examined to determine the correlation between tooth size, dental arch parameters and craniofacial complex. Correlation between tooth size and dental arch parameters was determined based on the relationship of the major dental arch parameters and the size of 12 teeth including first molars, premo-lars, canines and incisors, as well as the width of the face between zygomatic points and the distance between lateral surfaces of the wings of the nose. Results. The algorithm is based on the dentofacial index (D. F. I.), calculated as the percentage ratio of the sum of four incisors to facial width. Conclusions. In patients with mesodontism and physiologic occlusion of permanent teeth the dentofacial indexwas23.5%±1.5%. An increase in the dentofacial index up to 25.1% was indicative of individual macrodontia of four upper anterior teeth. The value below 21.9% indicated individual micro-dontia of four upper anterior teeth. The correlation between individual teeth of different types and compared the size of teeth in certain segments and dental arch parameters has been evaluated.

The paper presents linear parameters of dental arches in 49 persons with macrodontia of permanent teeth in a comparative aspect with analogous parameters obtained from 83 persons, which teeth sizes correspond to the signs of normodontia. The basic linear parameters of the dental arches in person with macrodontia were authentically higher than with normodontia. At the same time relative rates such as dental diagonal coefficient and dental arch index didn’t depend on linear dimentions of teeth in physiologic occlusion. The difference between dental arch length of upper and low jaws in people with macrodontia was 6,94 ±0,72 mm, with normodontia – 5,96 ±0,67mm, that demonstrated proportional correspondence of dental arches dimentions of upper and low jaws.

Представлены варианты формы зубных дуг при оптимальной функциональной окклюзии постоянных зубов. Выделены четыре основные формы зубных дуг. При полном комплекте зубов встречаются V-образные и U-образные формы зубных дуг, при неполном комплекте – симметричные и асимметричные зубные дуги. V-образные зубные дуги, как правило, встречались у лиц с узким межклыковым расстоянием, обусловленным узким носом. U-образные формы были характерны для лиц с широким межклыковым расстоянием. Результаты исследования показали, что при оптимальной функциональной окклюзии постоянных зубов встречались зубные дуги с полным и неполным комплектом постоянных зубов. Предложенные варианты зубных дуг могут быть использованы для определения тактики ортодонтического лечения и выбора формы и размеров металлических зубных дуг при лечении пациентов техникой эджуайс.

The features of front teeth positions in people with optimal functional occlusion with different variants of macrodontia depending on value correspondence of dental sizes to dental arch parameters were defined. The correspondence of dental sizes to dental arches parameters was defined by frontal-distal diagonal of the alveolar arch. Front teeth were located in protrusion position and were characterized high torque (inclination angle) with inadequacy dental sizes to dental arches parameters under (to) 3 mm. The dental arch shape after treatment and achievement of optimal functional occlusion was similar to brachygnathic form with low torque of front teeth in people with incomplete dentition (as a result of premolar extraction according to orthodontic indications). The occlusive interrelations were attained after a treatment corresponding to signs of the optimal functional occlusion.