Introduction. The manifestation of oncological alertness during dispensary observation by a dentist is very important. The most accessible options for preventing malignancy of the oral mucosa are sanitation, regular professional oral hygiene, as well as educational work among doctors and the population. However, despite the visual accessibility of tissues and organs of the oral cavity, there is an annual increase in malignant neoplasms in this area. In this case, most patients are diagnosed with a tumor process of the last stage. malignant neoplasms of the head and neck organs require special attention due to high risk of disability even at an early stage. Aim. To evaluate a correlation between malignancy of the oral mucosa and the burdened dental status of patients. Materials and methods. A controlled study was conducted which included 142 patients with cancer of the oral mucosa without sequential or parallel inclusion of patients in groups. Dental status was assessed at help-seeking stage or during clinical examination, as planned, by evaluation of main dental indices. The morphological diagnosis was established using histological verification. Results. The majority of patients with oral tumors had hard dental plaque (81.7 % of cases). The condition of the soft tissues, in addition to presence of the mucous membrane lesion, was characterized by bleeding (69 % of cases). moderate periodontal pathology was detected (19 % of cases). patients with the cavity tumors had an acute traumatic edge of hard tissues (70 % of cases), extensive caries (26 % of cases) and the presence of removable dentures (82 % of cases). Conclusion. The values of parameters evaluated in patients in the study with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral mucosa show its relation to aggravation of general somatic status. All patients in the study required dental treatment and training in oral hygiene care.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY:Was to optimize the protocol for postoperative orthopedic management and diagnosis of wound healing zones in patients after multiple teeth extractions.MATERIAL AND METHODS:At the Department of Orthopedic Dentistry and Orthodontics, Ryazan State Medical University, orthopedic treatment of 30 patients was carried out after the extraction of upper teeth. Patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the used immediate prostheses: (I) traditional, (II) having a shock-absorbing polypropylene mesh in their design, (III) having a drug reservoir made of elastic plastic and a ring made of monomer-free plastic in the region of the closing borders prosthesis. To assess the effectiveness of treatment, patients on days 5, 10, 20 underwent diagnostic supravital staining of the mucous membrane using an iodine-containing solution, planimetric control, and computerized capillaroscopy.RESULTS:In group I by the end of the observation period a pronounced dynamics of inflammation persisted in 30% of cases, the objective signs of which amounted to 12.5±2.06 mm2 of the area of the positive indicator of supravital staining, while in group II it was 7.2±2.09, in group III - 8.3±1.41 mm2 (p≤0.05). According to the results of supravital staining and capillaroscopy at day 20, in group II morphological and objective indicators of inflammation productivity were significantly higher than in group III: the density of the vascular network in group II was 52.5±2.17, in group III - 46.3±2.4 capillary loops/µm2, staining area 7.2±2.09 and 8.3±1.41 mm2, respectively (p≤0.05).CONCLUSION:More active wound healing in patients of group II was achieved by optimizing the design of the immediate prosthesis. An accessible and objective assessment of the severity of inflammation using vital staining allows you to accurately assess the dynamics of wound healing with a blurred or unexpressed clinical picture and timely suggest the features of inflammation to correct the course of treatment.

В обзоре представлена информация об основных биомаркерах слюны при плоскоклеточном раке слизистой оболочки полости рта. Плоскоклеточный рак слизистой оболочки полости рта является самым распространенным заболеванием среди опухолевой патологии челюстно-лицевой области. При доступной визуализации пациенты все еще часто обращаются за помощью на последних стадиях опухолевого процесса. Первичным врачом, способным заподозрить опухолевый процесс, является стоматолог. Однако, для получения консультации онколога и постановки окончательного клинического диагноза пациенту необходимо обратиться в ряд дополнительных отделений. Свободная нестимулированная ротовая жидкость является прекрасным диагностическим материалом, в том числе для ранней диагностики заболеваний полости рта. Слюна имеет непосредственный контакт с патологией слизистой оболочки полости рта, для ее забора не требуется стерильного инструментария и специальных навыков, что повышает ее информативность.Анализу подлежала литература за последние 5 лет из баз данных PubMed MedLine, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Global Health и платформ CyberLeninka, eLibrary.Ru. Литературные источники, взятые для обзора, индексированы в базах Scopus, Web of Science, РИНЦ.Изученные на сегодняшний день биомаркеры не имеют достаточной специфичности для диагностики или дифференцирования заболеваний полости рта, что делает актуальным изучение экспрессии биомаркеров слюны у пациентов с отягощенным онкологическим анамнезом и корреляции с клиническим статусом в полости рта.

The most frequent option of treatment at a partial or total resection of maxilla is the hollow obturator. One of the characteristics of this treatment is a large area of a contact surface of the denture with the mucousa of the oral cavity and the sutural connection of obturating part, which is formed by the application of the repair method with autopolymer resin. This technique is laborious and time consuming. The proposed structural element allows us to produce the obturator without sutural connections, in less time.

Production of the substitutional or forming acryl obturator is the widespread and available variant of the prosthetic rehabilitation of the oncological patients after the complex and reparative treatment. Those patients who don’t use acryl dentures and don’t have burdened background have microflora which consists mainly of round bacteria and fungi Candida, but level of biomarkers does not exceed the referential rate. Mucosa of oral cavity is the place ofprimary contact not only with aggressive parts of structurial substance of acryl obturator, antigens but with microorganisms waste products which are on it. Sutural connection is a hurt force for underlying saddle areas and additional reason for the process of cancer recurrence in patients with neoplasms of maxillofacial area.

КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕдОвАНИякомплексном лечении больных острым гнойным риносинуситом: Дисс. … канд. мед. наук. Новокузнецк; 2008.4. Diz Dios P., Tomas Carmona I., Limeres Posse J., Medina Henriquez J., Fernandez Feijoo J., Alvarez Fernandez M. Comparative efficacies of amoxicillin, clindamycin and moxifloxacin in prevention of bac-teremia following dental extractions. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 2006; 50 (9): 2996–3002.5. Кондрашев П.А., Лодочкина О.Е., Опрышко О.Н. Микробио-логический спектр возбудителей риногенного и одонтогенного хронического синусита и мукоцилиарная активность эпителия слизистой оболочки полости носа. Вестник оториноларинголо-гии. 2010; 4: 45-7.6. Туровский А.Б. Лечение и меры профилактики рецидивирующе-го бактериального синусита: Дисс. … д-ра мед.наук. М.; 2009.

The morbidity of malignant neoplasms of the maxillofacial area has an annual constant increase. Surgical treatment is one of the therapy versions. The acquired defect is the result of such treatment, which also requires the reconstructive and prosthetic treatment. Production of a hollow acrylic obturator is widespread and available option of prosthetic rehabilitation after resection of maxilla. One of this treatment characteristic is the large contact area of the obturator surface to the oral cavity mucosa, and the sutural connection on the basis. This connection is a cluster of food remainders and pathogenic microflora of the oral cavity. The oral cavity mucosa is the primary place of contact not only with the aggressive elements of dental engineering materials, antigens, but also to waste products of microorganisms, which are located on prosthetic constructions. The sutural connection requires additional hygienic measures to clean the obturator for the patient. Thus, acrylic hollow obturator with sutural connection substantially reduces the level of hygiene in this patients group and promotes the accumulation of aggressive microorganisms. After prosthetic rehabilitation it can result to damage of oral microbiocenosis and development of inflammatory accidents. We developed a processing technique of a hollow obturator without sutural connection on the basis.

Maxillofacial tumors have different localization, size, depth, but even the non-extent of pathology leads to the surround surgical procedures that even more leads to severe dysfunction and acquired defects of maxilla-facial area. Changes in the level of biomarkers of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases actively used in the study of dental caries, periodontal diseases, as well as changes in traumatic and inflammatory Genesis, but unknown impact of the type of design dental prosthesis on changes in the level of this tipe markers.

Malignant tumors of the parotid glands are less common than benign, but on 3–4 stages of the disease, when one can only talk about life extension. Identification of biomarkers is important not only for the possibility of early diagnostics of malignant tumors of the parotid, but also for long-term observations.

Tumors of maxillofacial area violate main physiological functions. Tumors of the parotid gland are common, but asymptomatic. After the treatment of these tumors long-term observation of the following is required. Currently a noninvasive method for early diagnosis of tumors of the parotid gland is not developed. In turn, the family of matrix proteinases are involved in the control of malignant tumors growth through metastasis and angiogenesis. This is confirmed in our study of the biomarkers level in oral fluid.