verplichting is of dat er een 'duurzaamheidsbonus' tegenover staat.En deze Koeien & Kansen-veehouders doen dat niet op één thema, maar op meerdere thema's tegelijk.Het gaat dan om verschillende duurzaamheidsthema's, zoals ruw-eiwitgehalte in het rantsoen, stikstofbodemoverschot, ammoniakemissie, eiwit van eigen land, uitstoot van broeikasgassen en biodiversiteit.Allemaal uitdagende doelen, die

This study, commissioned by LTO Nederland (the Netherlands Agricultural and Horticultural Association), NZO (Dutch Dairy Association) and Rabobank, calculated the effect of the expected development of the Dutch dairy farming sector if current policies are continued combined with an integrated package of measures to reduce ammonia emissions. The calculated reduction of ammonia emitted by the Dutch dairy sector in 2030 compared to 2018 amounts to 28%. The additional investment for ammonia measures in barns, water storage and land was calculated to be 1.3 billion euro at sector level. The overall effect on the financial result of dairy farms is on average -1.07 euro per 100 kg of milk. Given that on average the margins per kg of milk are narrow, this constitutes a significant impact for many farms. The package of measures evaluated in this study can be considered realistic in terms of the level of change compared to current average practice. With respect to the assumed degree of implementation, it is ambitious.

In een deskstudie zijn de effecten van mono-vergisten op een melkveebedrijf op veengrond met 150 koeien en 80 ha grasland onderzocht. De effecten van mono-vergisten op uitstoot van ammoniak en broeikasgassen (methaan en lachgas) zijn in beeld gebracht, evenals de gevolgen voor het inkomen. In deze studie zijn drie manieren van mono-vergisten onderzocht: Vergisten van mest die lang in de put heeft gezeten (oude mest). Vergisten van verse mest die kort in de put heeft gezeten. Vergisten van de feces fractie na primaire mestscheiding. Vergisten van verse mest leidt tot de grootste reductie van de emissies van methaan en ammoniak. Vergisten van feces is economisch het meest aantrekkelijk, terwijl oude mest vergisten leidt tot een daling van het inkomen. Dit vanwege een lage methaanopbrengst.

Voor een intensief en extensief melkveebedrijf op veengrond zijn verschillende ammoniak reducerende maatregelen doorgerekend. Het uitkopen van bedrijven om de ammoniakuitstoot te verminderen brengt grote kosten met zich mee. Een andere mogelijkheid om de ammoniakuitstoot te verminderen is het aanpassen van de stal. Stalaanpassingen leiden over het algemeen tot een forse reductie van de ammoniakuitstoot, maar ook tot een aanzienlijke daling van het inkomen. Veelal zijn managementmaatregelen kosten-effectiever en in veel gevallen leiden ze zelfs tot een verbetering van het inkomen. Wanneer maatregelen gecombineerd worden, kan de ammoniakuitstoot verminderd worden met maximaal 40 tot 50% zonder dat dit grote negatieve gevolgen voor het inkomen heeft.

Background: As farmers do not often keep a record of the expenditures for rearing, an economic tool that provides insight into the cost of rearing is useful. In the Netherlands, an economic tool (Jonkos) has been developed that can be used by farmers to obtain insight into the cost of rearing on their farm. The first objective of this study is to calculate the total cost of rearing young stock in Dutch dairy herds using Jonkos. The second objective is to compare the calculated total cost of rearing with the farmersu0027 own estimation of the cost of rearing (the perceived cost). Findings: Information was available for 75 herds that reared their own young stock and who had used the Jonkos tool. The perceived cost of rearing young stock was only available for 36 herds. In the 75 herds, the average herd size was 100 dairy cows. The average calculated total cost of rearing a heifer was €1,790. The average perceived total cost of rearing a heifer (including labour and housing costs) was €1,030. Conclusion: Most Dutch farmers in the study underestimated the total cost of rearing. The Jonkos economic tool has the advantage that herd-specific information can be entered as input values. The output of the tool can improve the awareness of farmers about the total costs of rearing. This awareness can lead to a higher priority of young stock rearing and consequently to an improved quality of young stock rearing.

BACKGROUND:As farmers do not often keep a record of the expenditures for rearing, an economic tool that provides insight into the cost of rearing is useful. In the Netherlands, an economic tool (Jonkos) has been developed that can be used by farmers to obtain insight into the cost of rearing on their farm. The first objective of this study is to calculate the total cost of rearing young stock in Dutch dairy herds using Jonkos. The second objective is to compare the calculated total cost of rearing with the farmers' own estimation of the cost of rearing (the perceived cost).FINDINGS:Information was available for 75 herds that reared their own young stock and who had used the Jonkos tool. The perceived cost of rearing young stock was only available for 36 herds. In the 75 herds, the average herd size was 100 dairy cows. The average calculated total cost of rearing a heifer was €1,790. The average perceived total cost of rearing a heifer (including labour and housing costs) was €1,030.CONCLUSION:Most Dutch farmers in the study underestimated the total cost of rearing. The Jonkos economic tool has the advantage that herd-specific information can be entered as input values. The output of the tool can improve the awareness of farmers about the total costs of rearing. This awareness can lead to a higher priority of young stock rearing and consequently to an improved quality of young stock rearing.

Grazing affects people, planet and profit. In general, the farmer's income will be higher when grazing of dairy cows is applied. We studied the economic effects of grazing for situations where we expect that grazing is difficult to apply. These situations could result in lower incomes for grazing. Farms with automatic milking systems, a small grazing surface, a large herd and/or a high milk yield per cow were studied. For the situations with automatic milking systems, large herds and high milk yields per cow, the farmer's income remained the highest for grazing. The difference between grazing and zero-grazing, however, was smaller than for farm situations without restrictions. In situations with more than 10 dairy cows ha grazing surface, zero-grazing was more profitable than grazing. There was a strong relationship between intake of grass in pasture, on a typical farm, and the difference in income between grazing and zero-grazing. The more grass the cows eat in the pasture, the larger the income profit from grazing compared to zero-grazing.

Afhankelijk van de situatie kan een normaal melkveebedrijf nu al 0,7 tot 2 cent per kg melk verdienen met dynamisch voeren. Na afschaffen van het quotum kan dit nog meer worden. WUR Livestock Research heeft het systeem van dynamisch voeren in bedrijfsverband geevalueerd en gekeken wat het effect is van verschillende melk- en krachtvoerprijzen op de krachtvoergift en voor het economisch resultaat