An error in the normalization of the Aplanarity and D-parameter has been found. Insufficient precision on the eigenvalue calculation can cause lambda(3) to be negative, exclusively in two-jet events, yielding an underestimation of the inclusive two-jet cross section.

BACKGROUND:Soldiers native to lowlands, while sojourning at high altitude (HA), are referred to tertiary care centers with electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities. Exposure to HA may precipitate myocardial ischemia in subjects with underlying coronary artery disease (CAD). Conversely, it may produce physiological ECG changes mimicking those of CAD, causing a diagnostic dilemma. This study sought to correlate the presence of CAD on coronary angiography (CAG) with a putative diagnosis of CAD based on clinical findings and ECG. METHODS:A prospective study was conducted on patient's from HA areas, referred for evaluation for CAD to a single center at near-sea-level. Thirty-five minimally symptomatic/asymptomatic soldiers with ECG changes suggestive of CAD, underwent CAG. Correlation was sought between ECG and CAG evidence of CAD. RESULTS:The association of CAD on CAG with clinical and ECG diagnosis of CAD was not significant, 4 of the 35 soldiers (11.4%) showing CAG evidence of CAD (chi square 3.849, p = 0.697). The association between symptoms and coronary artery lesions was, also, not significant, only four of twenty-three (17.4%) minimally symptomatic subjects having CAD on CAG. CONCLUSION:Insignificant numbers of previously healthy persons, who present with minimal symptoms and ECG changes suggestive of CAD while sojourning at HA, have coronary artery involvement on CAG. Those with incidental ECG changes, without symptomatology, do not have CAD on CAG.

Aim : Genotypes, environment and nutritional management greatly influence physiological and agronomic performance of maize (Zea mays L), one of the important staple food crops. Among the plant nutrients, nitrogen is the most important nutrient that governs the maize growth and its productivity, but applied nitrogen fertilizer is subjected to various losses. These facts necessitate the determination of suitable planting time and precise N-Application schedule for maize. Hence, the current field experiment was conducted to assess the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) interception, net photosynthetic rate (NPR) and production potential of maize varieties under variable growing environments and Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) meter (also known as chlorophyll meter) guided N-Application rates.Methodology: The experiment consisted of twenty-four treatments comprising two-maize varieties, Pusa Extra Early Hybrid Makka 5 (PEEHM 5) and Pusa Composite 3 (PC 3), three-planting dates, July 9, July 24 and August 7 and four-nitrogen (N) application rates, no-N (control), 30 kg N ha(-1) as basal + 30 kg N ha(-1) top-dressed as and when average SPAD value dropped to < 37.5 (CMB), 30 kg N ha(-1) as basal + 30 kg N ha(-1) top-dressed at knee-high, pre-Tasseling and silking stages when average SPAD value dropped to < 37.5 and Soil Test Crop Response based N-Application (STCRB). The experiment was laid-out in a split-plot design assigning six-combinations of varieties and planting dates in main-plots and four-nitrogen application rates in split-plots. All the treatments were replicated thrice.Results: Hybrid PEEHM 5 recorded 5.23% higher grain yield, higher total biomass and net photosynthetic rate at early stages, while PC 3 showed 4.53 and 2.57% higher PAR at knee-high and tasseling stages, respectively. Among N-management practices, CMB N-Application improved grain yield by 9.25% and saved 10 kg N ha(-1) over STCRB N. Early planting on July 9 provided yield advantage of 5% over July 24 and 20% over late planting (August 7). Variety x N-rate interaction revealed highest NPR in PC 3 under CMB N application.Interpretation: The results of the investigation clearly demonstrated that planting of maize should not be delayed beyond second week of July in North Indian plains and chlorophyll meter reading i.e., average SPAD value < 37.5 of top-most fully expanded leaf, may be used in scheduling N-Top dressing to meet out in-season N-requirement, for achieving higher growth and productivity of maize crop.

This study reports a facile, cost effective, nontoxic and eco-friendly method for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles. In this paper, leaf extract of Mentha piperita was successfully used to reduce chloroauric acid, leading to synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The synthesized nanoparticles were further characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Kinetics studies like effect of volume of leaf extract, precursor, pH, temperature for the synthesis of AuNPs were studied spectrophotometrically. Synthesized AuNPs were found to possess hexagon structure where size of nanoparticles was ~ 78 nm in diameter. These biologically synthesized AuNPs exhibited significant activity against cancerous cell lines MDA-MB-231 and A549 and was compared with the normal 3T3-L1 cell line. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities were studied on a Wistar rat model to gauge the impact of AuNPs for a probable role in these applications. AuNPs gave positive results for both these activities, although the potency was less as compared to the standard drugs. These results suggested that the leaves extract of Mentha piperita is a very good bioreductant for the synthesis of AuNPs and have potential for various biomedical and pharmaceutical applications.

BACKGROUND:Competitive sports training causes structural and conductive system changes manifesting by various electrocardiographic alterations. We undertook this study to assess the prevalence of abnormal ECG in trained Indian athletes and correlate it with the nature of sports training, that is endurance or strength training.METHODS:We evaluated a standard resting, lying 12 lead Electrocardiogram (ECG) in 66 actively training Indian athletes. Standard diagnostic criteria were used to define various morphological ECG abnormalities.RESULTS:33/66 (50%) of the athletes were undertaking endurance training while the other 33 (50%) were involved in a strength-training regimen. Overall 54/66 (81%) sportsmen had significant ECG changes. 68% of these changes were considered as normal training related features, while the remaining 32% were considered abnormal. There were seven common training related ECG changes-Sinus Bradycardia (21%), Sinus Arrhythmia (16%), 1st degree Atrioventricular Heart Block (6%), Type 1 2nd-degree Atrioventicular Heart Block (3%), Incomplete Right bundle branch block (RBBB) (24%), Early Repolarization (42%), Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) (14%); while three abnormal ECG changes--T-wave inversion (13%), RBBB(4%), Right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) with strain (29%) were noted. Early repolarization (commonest change), sinus bradycardia, and incomplete RBBB were the commoner features noticed, with a significantly higher presence in the endurance trained athletes.CONCLUSION:A high proportion of athletes undergoing competitive level sports training are likely to have abnormal ECG recordings. Majority of these are benign, and related to the physiological adaptation to the extreme levels of exertion. These changes are commoner during endurance training (running) than strength training (weightlifting).

Coronary artery aneurysms defined as localized coronary dilations with diameters atleast 1.5 times the diameters of adjacent normal coronary segments.1 It is commonly seen secondary to atherosclerosis but has also been reported in patients who have vasculitis (Kawasaki syndrome), connective tissue disorders (Ehlers-Danlos or Marfan syndrome), and in patients who have undergone interventional procedures.2–5 A growing incidence of coronary artery aneurysms have been recently described after implantation of drug-eluting stent (DES).6–8 We report one such case which was treated successfully using a covered stent.

Lt Col Navreet Singh *, Gp Capt Hemant Madan , Brig Y.K. Arora, VSM, Brig Rajat Dutta , Col Sunil Sofat , Col Prashant Bhardwaj, VSM, Rahul Sharma , Gp Capt D.S. Chadha , Col A.K. Ghosh , Lt Col Sanjeev Sengupta f Classified Specialist (Cardiology), CH (SC), Pune-40, India b Senior Advisor (Cardiology), Army Hosp (R&R), New Delhi, India Consultant (Cardiology), Base Hosp, Delhi Cantt, India Consultant (Cardiology), Army Hosp (R&R), New Delhi, India Resident (Cardiology), Army Hosp (R&R), New Delhi, India Classified Specialist (Cardiology), MH (CTC), Pune-40, India

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stent placement of carotid arteries has become widely accepted as an alternative to endarterectomy for symptomatic patients with internal carotid artery stenosis more than 70%.1 The potential complications of carotid artery stenting (CAS) are acute neurological deficits, access-site vessel injuries, stent malfunction, stent restenosis, and baroreflex responses such as bradycardia, hypotension, and vasovagal reactions.1,2 Among these the most common and life threatening early complication is periprocedural stroke which occurs in approximately 5% cases.2 Though this is commonly due to athero-embolism, cerebral hypoperfusion, cerebral hyperperfusion and intracranial haemorrhage also contribute to it.2 Cerebral Hyperperfusion Syndrome (HPS) is an uncommon complication with a high morbidity and mortality, necessitating early recognition and aggressive management.2–5 It has bee observed after both Carotid Endarterectomy (CEA) and CAS, with an overall incidence of 0.2–0.7% in CEA and a relatively higher rate of up to 5% in CAS.3 It presents in the immediate and early post-procedural period with ipsilateral frontotemporal or retroorbital headache, nausea, vomiting and features of raised intracaranial pressure. Though intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is seen in over 85% cases it is not a mandatory feature of HPS. ICH occurs predominantly in the region of the basal ganglia.3–5 We present one such case.

The eyes are our window to the world and offer us an island of vision in the sea of darkness. Equally, the eyes are also a window to peep into what is going on in the milieu interior.Pregnancy is a natural state of physiological stress for the body. Each organ system of the body in a pregnant lady behaves at variation than in a non-pregnant state. A complex interplay exists between how the pregnancy affects the eye and how ocular physiology and pathology may lead to the modification of the management of pregnancy. Added to this is the effect of systemic conditions on the eye which gets modified by pregnancy.An awareness of the interaction of Ophthalmology and Obstetrics for the benefit of the mother and the child requires a basic understanding of these complex interactions. This article aims at presenting to the reader in a simplified and organized manner the common ophthalmic issues encountered in a pregnant woman, their management and the effect of various ophthalmic medication on the fetus.

A fifty-seven year old gentleman developed hemolysis induced oliguric acute renal failure following multiple wasp stings. Patient was hemodynamically stable on dialytic support. Twelve days later, although the patient was recovering from renal failure, he developed sudden onset of tachyarrythmias and echocardiography demonstrated a Takotsubo type of cardiomyopathy. He was managed with amiodarone and hemodialysis. After two more episodes of deterioration, the patient made full recovery from both the renal and cardiac toxicity. A case of delayed Kounis syndrome associated with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in the setting of acute renal failure is described. The possible mechanism of such a presentation is discussed.

Pulmonary carcinosarcoma is an aggressive rare malignant tumor comprising a mixture of carcinoma and sarcoma components containing differentiated mesenchymal elements, such as malignant cartilage, bone, and skeletal muscle. We report a case which presented with unusual clinical features and proved cryptic until death. At autopsy, it was a stage IV lung malignancy and histopathology revealed a carcinosarcoma comprising an adenocarcinoma and an osteosarcoma with metastasis to the heart, lymph nodes, and both adrenals. To our knowledge, this is the first case of this subtype with metastasis to the heart. The present case had an unusual clinical presentation and its elusive nature towards diagnosis despite dissemination is noteworthy and unique in the literature.

A 26-year-old man presented with epistaxis, nasal obstruction and a subcutaneous swelling over the left malar region with radiological evidence of a mass in the right nasal cavity. Histology of the lesions showed necrotizing granuloma with evidence of vasculitis. There was no other systemic involvement and the patient was ANCA-negative. Excellent response to systemic steroid and cyclophosphamide therapy was noted.

By systematic sampling method from a list of patients, 100 cases who completed 6 months MDT (PB) and under 1 year suvelliance, were included in the study. Fifty-nine percent of PB cases remained active after completion of WHO MDT. Patients with 4 or more than 4 lesions showed more activity. After 1 year of surveillance, 20.3% of active cases remained active. Moreover, 7.3% of inactive cases becomes active during course of 1 year surveillance.

This paper is in the nature of an exploratory study into the optimal pattern of regional production and exchange of commodities in India. The process of economic development for India as a whole has raised urgent problems of the kind of dispersion that should he made of industries in order that the different regions may have satisfactory rates of growth without loss of efficiency, while the operation of the industries as a whole may also be efficient both as regards production and transportation. This is important especially in India in view of the fact that a large part of total industrial investment in India is in the public sector and is, therefore, guided according to notions of national welfare, in so far as is consistent with certain norms of efficiency.