Amaç: Erişkin hastalarda üreteropelvik bileşke (UPB) darlığının tedavisinde robot yardımlı laparoskopik piyeloplastinin (RYLP) uygulanabilirliğini, perioperatif sonuçlarını ve kısa-orta dönem başarısını değerlendirmek.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ocak 2019–Haziran 2025 tarihleri arasında tek merkezde primer UPB darlığı nedeniyle RYLP uygulanan erişkin hastalar retrospektif olarak incelendi. Tanı, BT/MR ürografide üreteropelvik bileşke darlığı ile uyumlu anatomik bulguların gösterilmesini takiben, diüretikli renografide (DTPA veya MAG-3) drenaj parametrelerinin (T½) değerlendirilmesi ile fonksiyonel olarak doğrulandı. Tüm olgularda Anderson–Hynes tekniğiyle transperitoneal RYLP yapıldı. Seçilmiş olgularda damar/perfüzyon değerlendirmesi için near-infrared floresan (NIRF) modu ile intravenöz indosiyanin yeşili (ICG) kullanıldı. Bulgular: Toplam 18 hasta dâhil edildi (yaş 38.9 ± 15.9 yıl). Darlık sağda 8, solda 10 olguda izlendi; 12 hastada semptomatik, 6’sında insidental tanı mevcuttu. Çaprazlayan aberan damar 7 hastada saptandı ve bu hastaların 6’sına intraoperatif NIRF-ICG kullanıldı. Ortalama operasyon süresi 135.3 ± 20.0 dk (konsol 105.6 ± 15.5), anastomoz süresi 18.2 ± 3.4 dk, tahmini kan kaybı 24.2 ± 9.6 mL ve hastanede kalış 3.4 ± 0.9 gündü. NIRF-ICG kullanılan ve kullanılmayan hastalar arasında ameliyat süresi, hastanede kalış süresi ve fonksiyonel iyileşme açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmadı. Konversiyon ve kan transfüzyonu gereksinimi olmadı; Clavien–Dindo ≥II komplikasyon kaydedilmedi. Ortalama 30.6 ± 21.4 aylık izlem süresinde, tüm hastalarda postoperatif T½ değerlerinin 20 dakikanın altına gerilediği ve rekürrens veya yeniden cerrahi gereksinimi izlenmediği saptandı.Sonuç: RYLP, primer UPB darlığı olan erişkinlerde güvenli, etkili ve yüksek uygulanabilirliğe sahip bir seçenektir. Düşük morbidite, konversiyonsuz seyir ve tutarlı fonksiyonel/anatomik düzelme, uygun hasta seçimi ve deneyimli ekiplerle yöntemin klinik değerini arttırmaktadır. Seçilmiş olgularda uygulanan NIRF-ICG, özellikle vasküler anatominin değerlendirilmesinde cerrahi karar verme sürecine katkı sağlayabilir.

In the current issue of Société Internationale d’Urologie Journal, Peich et al [...]

A positive surgical margin (PSM) following radical prostatectomy is a significant prognostic factor that increases the risk of biochemical recurrence (BCR). However, the clinical relevance of the relationship between PSM localization, its extent, and the histopathological characteristics of the tumor and BCR remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between PSM features, tumor grade, and BCR. Patients with pathological stage pT3 who had not received adjuvant therapy were included in the study. Surgical margin status was classified according to localization, length, and the presence of an accompanying tertiary pattern. Patients were compared in terms of clinical and pathological characteristics. The development of BCR was analyzed in relation to PSA dynamics and histopathological parameters. The presence of PSM significantly increased BCR rates and demonstrated a strong association with tertiary pattern positivity. The tertiary pattern was observed nearly three times more frequently, particularly in patients with PSM. Cases with PSM length > 1 mm exhibited substantially higher BCR, and this parameter emerged as the strongest independent predictor of BCR. Although localization was not generally significant, apical involvement was identified as the only anatomical site associated with BCR. Differences in ISUP distributions according to PSM localization were considered notable in terms of regional tumor biology. PSM localization alone is not a determinant of BCR; however, PSM length, the presence of a tertiary pattern, and apical involvement provide clinically meaningful prognostic information. Therefore, detailed reporting of margin characteristics in pathology reports is critically important for accurately guiding postoperative treatment strategies.

Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) requires a stable pneumoperitoneum to maintain optimal surgical conditions. The AirSeal® Intelligent Flow System has been developed to provide continuous pressure regulation and smoke evacuation; however, its clinical impact during RARP remains incompletely defined. To compare perioperative, oncological, and postoperative recovery outcomes between the AirSeal system and conventional insufflation systems during RARP. We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent RARP at a high-volume tertiary center in a retrospective before-and-after cohort design. Patients were stratified according to the insufflation system used during surgery: conventional insufflation system (CIS) or the AirSeal system. Demographic characteristics, perioperative parameters, pathological outcomes, postoperative complications (Clavien–Dindo), postoperative pain scores and opioid consumption were evaluated. A total of 749 patients were included (CIS: 398; AirSeal: 351). Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were comparable between the groups. Operative time was significantly shorter in the AirSeal group (183 ± 77.7 vs. 217.4 ± 73.0 min; p < 0.001). Estimated blood loss, transfusion rates, and length of hospital stay were similar between the groups. Pathological stage distribution differed between the groups, with a higher proportion of locally advanced disease (≥pT3) in the AirSeal cohort (49.3

Background and objective:The use of robotic-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) with intracorporeal urinary diversion has increased rapidly in the past decade. The approximation of the ileum toward the urethral stump could be a demanding step. Whereas the techniques for reconstruction have been described in detail, a comprehensive depiction of strategies to facilitate neobladder-urethral approximation is lacking. This manuscript and video collection provide a summary of the techniques and maneuvers suggested by RARC surgeons. Methods and surgical procedure:This is a cross-sectional study in collaboration with the European Association of Urology Robotic Urology Section (ERUS) Scientific Working Group that evaluates strategies for ileourethral approximation and anastomosis from surgeons performing RARC with an intracorporeal neobladder. To this purpose, a survey was developed by a single institution with input from experts. The survey included questions on caseload, types of diversions, ileal approximation, and techniques and strategies for overcoming challenges in an ileourethral anastomosis. Responders were recruited among experts from scientific societies and were asked to rate the importance of these tricks on a Likert scale. A video collection was developed thereafter. Key findings and limitations:Twenty-one surgeons were involved, with five of them having an individual caseload of >300 cases. The Studer (n = 9) and Bordeaux (n = 9) reconstructions were most used; four operators declared the use of more than one type of diversion. Ileourethral approximation is considered a demanding part of intracorporeal neobladder reconstruction for 86% of participant surgeons. It is perceived as difficult in approximately one out of four surgical cases. Ten surgeons reported at least one conversion to ileal conduit due to impossible ileal descent. The posterior reconstruction was ranked as a useful trick to aid in an ileourethral anastomosis for ten surgeons (48%); a reduction in the Trendelenburg position by nine (43%), the use of small incisions in the mesentery was useful for six (29%) and opening the ileal segment before the anastomosis for five (24%) surgeons. Conclusions:Some strategies and techniques are available to facilitate ileal descent toward the pelvis to achieve a tension-free ileourethral anastomosis. The knowledge and application of these tricks are important to cope with this demanding step and make intracorporeal neobladder reconstruction easier and safer. Patient summary:The robotic realization of a neobladder through an intracorporeal approach could be demanding. The associated video presents some surgical strategies to make this step easier and safer, to ensure the achievement of a tension-free neobladder-urethral anastomosis.

BACKGROUND:PSMA PET/CT has previously shown superior performance in nodal staging of prostate cancer (PCa) and may be used to reduce the number of unnecessary PLND procedures. This study aims to assess the performance of PSMA PET/CT in nodal staging of intermediate-risk prostate cancer and to evaluate the effect of PLND on oncological outcomes of intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients with a negative PSMA PET/CT. METHODS:A total of 308 patients with intermediate-risk PCa who underwent PSMA PET/CT for nodal staging between January 2014 and July 2024 were included in the study. Patients who underwent PLND had higher PSA and higher rates of PIRADS-5 and biopsy grade-group 3 disease. A 1:1 propensity score matching was performed to eliminate patient characteristics differences between groups and 140 patients were included in the final analysis. PSA persistence rates ( ≥ 0.1 ng/dL) and biochemical recurrence (BCR; ≥ 0.2 ng/dL) rates after RP were recorded. Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed to evaluate oncological outcomes. Log-rank test was utilized to compare oncological outcomes in patients with and without PLND. RESULTS:The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of PSMA PET/CT on nodal staging were 53.3%, 95%, 47.1%, and 96.1%, respectively. The NPV of PSMA PET/CT in patients with biopsy GG3 disease (96.3%) was similar to those with biopsy GG2 disease (95.6%). The median follow-up after propensity score matching was 20.7 months. The 24-month BCR-free survival rates were 83.7% and 86.9% in the PLND-RP group and RP-only groups, respectively (p = 0.078). CONCLUSIONS:NPV of PSMA PET/CT in determining LNI was remarkable in patients with intermediate-risk PCa and PLND was found to have no impact on oncological outcomes. Therefore PLND may be omitted to decrease surgery-related complications in patients with intermediate-risk PCa a negative PSMA PET/CT for nodal staging.

Prostate biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosing prostate cancer (PCa). Recent studies suggest that the necessity and contribution of systematic biopsy (SB), where the entire prostate is sampled, are decreasing. The EAU has updated its guidelines, replacing the recommendation of targeted biopsy (TB) + SB with TB + regional biopsy (RB). This study aims to compare the detection rates of TB alone, TB + RB, and TB + SB combinations. 803 patients with a single lesion on mpMRI who underwent TB + SB between 2019 and 2025 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent TB + SB, and each core was reported separately and grouped into categories as TB, TB + RB, TB + SB. In PIRADS 3 and 5 lesions, TB alone performed similar to TB + SB in detecting clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) (p = 0.063 and p = 0.5). In the PIRADS 4 group, TB’s sensitivity was 80.5

BackgroundTraditional surgical training relies on a master-apprentice model, but limitations such as restricted working hours and evolving surgical techniques have led to the integration of simulation-based training. Three-dimensional (3D) printing has emerged as a valuable tool for enhancing surgical education, offering patient-specific anatomical models that improve skill acquisition. Additionally, personalized video feedback may further refine training outcomes. This study investigates the impact of 3D-printed renal models and video-based feedback on skill acquisition in robotic partial nephrectomy training.MethodsForty urology residents without prior robotic surgery experience participated in this study. After completing a standardized theoretical and simulation-based training program, they performed partial nephrectomy on 3D-printed kidney models. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups: one received personalized video feedback based on their recorded surgical performances, while the other proceeded without feedback. Their surgical performance was evaluated based on dissection time, renorrhaphy time, total console time, and the amount of healthy renal parenchyma removed. Statistical analysis was conducted to compare improvements between the groups and assess the impact of video feedback on skill development.ResultsInitial comparisons between junior and senior residents showed no significant differences in their first operations, demonstrating that e-learning and proficiency-based simulation training effectively equalized skill levels before transitioning to realistic 3D model-based training. This suggests that structured preparatory training with objective performance targets can enhance learning outcomes in surgical simulation. Additionally, 3D-printed models provide a significantly more cost-effective alternative to cadaveric and animal-based training, making high-quality surgical education more accessible and scalable. Residents who received video feedback demonstrated a greater percentage improvement in dissection time compared to the control group (46.63% vs. 23.62%, p = 0.043). The amount of healthy renal parenchyma removed significantly decreased in the video feedback group (p = 0.048), indicating improved surgical precision. No significant differences were observed in renorrhaphy times between the two groups, suggesting that video feedback primarily enhanced dissection skills.ConclusionThe integration of 3D-printed anatomical models with personalized video feedback enhances skill acquisition in robotic partial nephrectomy training. Video feedback significantly improves surgical precision by reducing unnecessary parenchymal removal and accelerating dissection time. These findings support the use of patient-specific 3D models and targeted feedback as cost-effective and scalable strategies to optimize surgical education and shorten the learning curve for complex procedures.

To investigate functional, oncological and complication outcomes in women undergoing robot-assisted cystectomy (RARC) with intracorporeal orthotopic neobladder. From a multi-institutional database, we identified females with bladder cancer treated with RARC and intracorporeal orthotopic neobladder. We evaluated the continence rate, short-term oncological outcomes, and complication rates. Analyses were repeated and stratified by the status of preserving gynecological organs. The study involved 146 patients with the median age 60 years (IQR, 51–66 years). Pelvic organ-preserving procedure (POP) was performed in 77 patients (53

Background: In patients treated with partial nephrectomy, prior evidence showed that peri-operative outcomes, such as complications and ischemia time, improved as a function of the surgical experience of the surgeon, but data on functional outcomes after surgery are still scarce. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of 4011 patients with a single, unilateral cT1a-b renal mass treated with laparoscopic or robot-assisted partial nephrectomy. The operations were performed by 119 surgeons at 22 participating institutions between 1997 and 2022. Multivariable models investigated the association between surgical experience (number of prior operations) and acute kidney injury (AKI) and recovery of at least 90% of baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 1 yr after partial nephrectomy. The adjustment for case mix included age, Body Mass Index, preoperative serum creatinine, clinical T stage, PADUA score, warm ischemia time, pathologic tumor size, and year of surgery. Results: A total of 753 (19%) and 3258 (81%) patients underwent laparoscopic and robot-assisted partial nephrectomy, respectively. Overall, 37 (31%) and 55 (46%) surgeons contributed only to laparoscopic and robotic learning curves, respectively, whereas 27 (23%) contributed to the learning curves of both approaches. In the laparoscopic group, 8% and 55% of patients developed AKI and recovered at least 90% of their baseline eGFR, respectively. After adjusting for confounders, we did not find evidence of an association between surgical experience and AKI after laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (odds ratio [OR]: 0.9992; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.9963, 1.0022; p = 0.6). Similar results were found when 1-year renal function was the outcome of interest (OR: 0.9996; 95% CI: 0.9988, 1.0005; p = 0.5). Among patients who underwent robot-assisted partial nephrectomy, AKI occurred in 11% of patients, whereas 54% recovered at least 90% of their baseline eGFR. On multivariable analyses, the relationship between surgical experience and AKI after surgery was not statistically significant (OR: 1.0015; 95% CI: 0.9992, 1.0037; p = 0.2), with similar results when the outcome of interest was renal function one year after surgery (OR: 1.0001; 95% CI: 0.9980, 1.0022; p = 0.9). Virtually the same findings were found on sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: In patients treated with laparoscopic or robot-assisted partial nephrectomy, our data suggest that the surgical experience of the operating surgeon might not be a key determinant of functional recovery after surgery. This raises questions about the use of serum markers to assess functional recovery in patients with two kidneys and opens the discussion on what are the key steps of the procedure that allowed surgeons to achieve optimal outcomes since their initial cases.

Objective. This prospective study aimed to explore the potential diagnostic value of endocan levels in bladder cancer by investigating a possible association of serum and urine endocan levels with the stage and grade of bladder tumors in patients with nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) in terms of risk stratification. Materials and Methods. Participants included 66 male patients with NMIBC. Patients with full pathology results, NMIBC stage T1, and healthy controls were categorized as groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Patients were further classified into high- and low-grade groups following their pathology results. Risk classification according to the European Association of Urology (EAU) was assigned to patients with NMIBC, and associations of risk groups with serum and urine endocan levels were analyzed. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to identify serum and urine endocan concentrations. Results. Serum endocan levels according to pathological staging were significantly higher in groups 1 and 2 than in group 3. The urine endocan level was statistically significantly higher in group 2 than in group 3 p<0.001. The predictive power of the urine endocan level was evaluated for its ability to predict T1 disease, revealing an area under the curve of 0.735 and a threshold of 903. The EAU classification was evaluated according to risk groups, and the urine endpoint was statistically significantly higher in the univariate analysis for the high and very high-risk groups p=0.034. Conclusion. Our results indicate that endocan levels hold significant promise in prognostic feature evaluation in NMIBC, particularly in the context of screening patients with hematuria.

Robotic-assisted surgery has benefits for patients, but there are challenges to working in this field. In Turkey, training is not provided for nurses working in robotic-assisted surgery, and national legislation on nurses' roles in these settings has not been implemented. This study aimed to demonstrate the roles and experiences of nurses in robotic-assisted surgery in Turkey. This study was conducted as a mixed-methods research. The qualitative data were analysed by content analysis. More than half of the nurses had received basic training in robotic-assisted surgery. Qualitative data consisted of five themes, including the effects of robotic surgery, feelings and thoughts on robotic surgery, working as a nurse in robotic surgery settings, responsibilities of nurses and competence of nurses working in robotic surgery settings. Determining the working conditions and roles of nurses working in robotic-assisted surgery settings by policymakers in regulations is crucial for improving the quality of nursing care and the outcomes of patients.

BACKGROUND: This study aims to compare the effects of 8 mmHg and 12 mmHg pneumoperitoneum (PNP) pressures on operative, postoperative, and anesthesiological parameters in robot -assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP). METHODS: In this prospective study, 43 patients undergoing RARP performed by a single experienced surgeon were randomly assigned to either the low-pressure group (8 mmHg - Group I) or the standard -pressure group (12 mmHg - Group II). We evaluated the operative and postoperative parameters from both urological and anesthesiological perspectives. All patients were treated using the AirSeal (R) insufflation system. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of console time, estimated blood loss, time to first flatus, or hospital length of stay. PNP was increased due to bleeding in six patients in the 8 mmHg group and two patients in the 12 mmHg group. Except for the heart rate measured five minutes after the initial incision, there were no observed differences between the groups in terms of blood pressure, ventilation, and administered medications. The heart rate was significantly lower in Group I (54.4 vs. 68.8, p=0.006). Additionally, during the surgery, the number of manipulations performed by the anesthesiologists, including drug administrations and ventilator management, was significantly lower in Group I (6.1 vs. 9.6, p=0.041). CONCLUSION: In RARP, while the 8 mmHg PNP pressure does not demonstrate differences in operative parameters compared to the 12 mmHg pressure, it offers the advantage of requiring fewer anesthetic interventions, thus minimizing the impact on cardiovascular and respiratory systems.

To investigate the predictable parameters associated with downgrading in patients with a Gleason score (GS) 8 (4+4) in prostate biopsy after radical prostatectomy. We retrospectively analyzed 62 patients with a GS of 4+4 on prostate biopsy who underwent robotic radical prostatectomy between 2017 and 2022. 38 of 62 (61.2

You have accessJournal of UrologyKidney Cancer: Localized: Surgical Therapy II (PD33)1 May 2024PD33-03 ASSESSING FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES OF PARTIAL VERSUS RADICAL NEPHRECTOMY FOR T1B-T2 RENAL MASSES: RESULTS FROM A MULTI-INSTITUTIONAL COLLABORATION Stefano Tappero, Paolo Dell'Oglio, Riccardo Campi, Riccardo Bertolo, Marco Roscigno, Angela Pecoraro, Giuseppe Simone, Nazareno Suardi, Riccardo Schiavina, Karim Bensalah, Erdem Canda, Xu Zhang, Carlo Terrone, Shahrokh Shariat, Francesco Porpiglia, Alessandro Antonelli, Jihad Kaouk, Ketan Badani, Andrea Minervini, Ithaar Derweesh, Alberto Breda, Alexandre Mottrie, Francesco Montorsi, and Carlo Andrea Bravi Stefano TapperoStefano Tappero , Paolo Dell'OglioPaolo Dell'Oglio , Riccardo CampiRiccardo Campi , Riccardo BertoloRiccardo Bertolo , Marco RoscignoMarco Roscigno , Angela PecoraroAngela Pecoraro , Giuseppe SimoneGiuseppe Simone , Nazareno SuardiNazareno Suardi , Riccardo SchiavinaRiccardo Schiavina , Karim BensalahKarim Bensalah , Erdem CandaErdem Canda , Xu ZhangXu Zhang , Carlo TerroneCarlo Terrone , Shahrokh ShariatShahrokh Shariat , Francesco PorpigliaFrancesco Porpiglia , Alessandro AntonelliAlessandro Antonelli , Jihad KaoukJihad Kaouk , Ketan BadaniKetan Badani , Andrea MinerviniAndrea Minervini , Ithaar DerweeshIthaar Derweesh , Alberto BredaAlberto Breda , Alexandre MottrieAlexandre Mottrie , Francesco MontorsiFrancesco Montorsi , and Carlo Andrea BraviCarlo Andrea Bravi View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/01.JU.0001008912.25331.d7.03AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Renal function deterioration following kidney surgery is associated with increased all-cause mortality. In patients with renal masses>4 cm, whether partial vs radical nephrectomy (PN vs RN) might affect long-term functional outcomes is unknown. The current study aims to test the association between type of surgery (PN vs RN) and: (a). post-operative acute kidney injury (AKI); (b). recovery of ≥90% preoperative eGFR one year after surgery; (c) upstaging ≥1 CKD stage at one year as compared to preoperative stage; (d) eGFR decline ≤45 ml/min/1.73 m2 one-year after surgery. METHODS: A collaborative database including patients' data from 23 high-volume European institutions was exploited. Only surgically-treated patients with single, unilateral, clinical T1b-2 renal masses, with no evidence of systemic disease, were included. Multivariable logistic regression analyses addressed the outcomes of interest; clinical stage-specific sensitivity analyses (cT1b and cT2) were performed. RESULTS: Overall, 968 vs 325 patients treated with PN vs RN were identified. The rate of AKI was lower in PN vs RN patients (17% vs 58%, p<0.001). One year after surgery, in PN vs RN patients respectively, the rate of recovery of ≥90% of baseline eGFR was 51% vs 16%, the rate of CKD progression of ≥1 stage was 38% vs 65%, and the rate of eGFR decline ≤45 ml/min/1.73 m2 was 10% vs 23% (all p values<0.001). RN reached the independent unfavorable predictor status of all the outcomes of interest: (a). AKI, odds ratio (OR): 7.61; (b). one-year ≥90% eGFR recovery, OR: 0.30; (c). one-year CKD upstaging, OR: 1.78; (d). one-year eGFR decline ≤45 ml/min/1.73 m2, OR: 2.36 (all p-values≤0.002). Virtually the same results were observed in sensitivity analyses specifically addressing cT1b, and subsequently cT2 renal masses, separately. The retrospective nature of the employed data represented the foremost limitation. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with cT1b-2 renal masses, our data suggests that RN might portend worse immediate, as well as one-year functional outcomes. When technically feasible, in case of large renal masses, efforts should be made to preserve the healthy kidney tissue, as this might restrain the likelihood of metabolic and cardiovascular sequele associated to glomerular function loss. Source of Funding: None © 2024 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 211Issue 5SMay 2024Page: e710 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2024 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.Metrics Author Information Stefano Tappero More articles by this author Paolo Dell'Oglio More articles by this author Riccardo Campi More articles by this author Riccardo Bertolo More articles by this author Marco Roscigno More articles by this author Angela Pecoraro More articles by this author Giuseppe Simone More articles by this author Nazareno Suardi More articles by this author Riccardo Schiavina More articles by this author Karim Bensalah More articles by this author Erdem Canda More articles by this author Xu Zhang More articles by this author Carlo Terrone More articles by this author Shahrokh Shariat More articles by this author Francesco Porpiglia More articles by this author Alessandro Antonelli More articles by this author Jihad Kaouk More articles by this author Ketan Badani More articles by this author Andrea Minervini More articles by this author Ithaar Derweesh More articles by this author Alberto Breda More articles by this author Alexandre Mottrie More articles by this author Francesco Montorsi More articles by this author Carlo Andrea Bravi More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Deterioration of renal function is associated with increased all-cause mortality. In renal masses larger than 4 cm, whether partial versus radical nephrectomy (PN vs. RN) might affect long-term functional outcomes is unknown. This study tested the association between PN versus RN and postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI), recovery of at least 90