Objectives Chronic Autoimmune Thyroiditis (AIT) is a prevalent etiology of hypothyroidism and is postulated to affect ovarian reserve (OR). Ovarian reserve in patients with hypothyroidism secondary to total thyroidectomy has not yet been specifically investigated. Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is a verified and well-known biomarker reflecting OR. We aimed to investigate AMH levels in patients with hypothyroidism resulting from AIT or total thyroidectomy, and to assess the impact of both hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity on ovarian reserve.Methods A cross-sectional study conducted at Bak & imath;rk & ouml;y Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital in Istanbul, Turkey, between June 2022-June 2024. The study cohort comprised 56 euthyroid women with established hypothyroidism (30 cases with AIT and 26 post-total thyroidectomy) and 30 age- and BMI-matched healthy women. Parameters measured included AMH, FSH,LH, estradiol, fT3, fT4, TSH, TPOAbs, and TgAbs.Results No statistically significant difference was detected in AMH levels when comparing hypothyroid patients (irrespective of etiology) and healthy controls. Furthermore, no correlation was observed between AMH levels and TSH and/or thyroid autoantibodies.Conclusions Regardless of the underlying etiology, women with hypothyroidism demonstrate comparable AMH concentrations of healthy women. Furthermore, thyroid autoimmunity itself does not appear to exert an additional detrimental effect on AMH.

Osteoarthritis (OA) represents a degenerative joint disease which advances through cartilage breakdown, synovial inflammation, and subchondral bone transformation until it causes persistent pain and mobility loss. The scientific community lacks complete knowledge about OA disease mechanisms and post-operative healing processes despite arthroplasty surgery providing effective symptom relief. This study investigated plasma proteomic changes in OA patients before and after arthroplasty. The cohort included eight OA patients undergoing knee or hip arthroplasty and ten age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched healthy controls. Plasma proteins were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry following enzymatic digestion and depletion of high-abundance components. The bioinformatic analysis together with quantitative methods showed that OA patients experienced changes in inflammatory pathways, extracellular matrix remodeling, immune system regulation and coagulation processes. A total of 93 proteins were differentially abundant in the pre-operative comparison. Among these, 63 proteins were consistently up-regulated and 23 were consistently down-regulated across both pre- and post-operative time points. In addition, 20 proteins exhibited post-operative-specific changes. These findings highlight both persistent disease-associated alterations and transient proteomic shifts linked to post-operative recovery. Overall, this study identifies candidate plasma proteomic signatures associated with OA and surgical intervention, providing exploratory insights into disease monitoring and potential personalized therapeutic strategies.

Background: Cigarette smoking disrupts cellular energy metabolism and remains a major global health problem. The Mediterranean diet, characterized by antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has been implicated in the regulation of metabolic pathways. Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the expression of energy metabolism-related genes in smokers aged 18-55 years. Methods: Smokers were classified according to their Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) scores into an adhering group (n = 24) and a non-adhering group (n = 24). Participant characteristics were recorded, blood samples were collected, and total RNA was isolated. Gene expression analysis was performed using a custom RT-qPCR array targeting energy metabolism-related genes. Pathway enrichment analysis was conducted using EnrichR Reactome 2024, and gene-metabolite relationships were explored using MetaboAnalyst 6.0 to support pathway-level interpretation. Results: Smoking was associated with coordinated upregulation of genes involved in glycolysis, glucose transport, lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway, and redox regulation, consistent with a metabolically stressed state. In contrast, adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with lower expression of genes related to glycolytic flux, lipid β-oxidation, and amino acid turnover, alongside relatively higher engagement of tricarboxylic acid cycle-related pathways and reduced activation of redox-associated processes. Conclusions: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with differences in the expression of genes involved in cellular energy metabolism among smokers, suggesting a potential modulatory role of dietary patterns in smoking-related metabolic alterations.

Metformin is the first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), although its complete biochemical mechanisms of action remain incompletely understood. This study aimed to characterize metformin-associated metabolic gene expression alterations in patients with T2DM and in a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2) using RT-qPCR-based profiling and bioinformatic analyses. Blood samples from four groups (n = 20 per group)—healthy controls, prediabetic individuals, severe untreated T2DM patients, and metformin-treated T2DM patients—were analyzed. In addition, metformin-treated HepG2 cells were evaluated. A total of 46 metabolism-related genes were assessed by RT-qPCR. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and gene–metabolite network analyses were performed. Metformin treatment was associated with altered expression of genes involved in glucose uptake (SLC2A2, HK2), lipid metabolism (ACLY, SCD), and energy balance. Pathway analysis indicated effects on glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, fatty acid biosynthesis, and redox processes. Gene expression changes were linked to predicted metabolite nodes, including NADP, palmitic acid, and ATP. Metformin-treated patients exhibited gene expression patterns associated with relatively improved metabolic profiles compared to untreated patients. Metformin treatment is associated with coordinated changes in metabolic gene expression in T2DM. This integrative approach combining patient-derived data, an in vitro HepG2 model, and gene–metabolite networks provides a systems-level perspective on metformin-associated metabolic alterations. Findings should be interpreted considering model limitations and predicted metabolite associations.

Aim This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of oleuropein, a compound recognised for its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties, against renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats. Materials and Methods Oleuropein, purified from Olea europaea L. (olive tree) by chromatographic methods, was injected intraperitoneally 48 h, 24 h, and 30 min prior to ischemia. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: Control, IRI, and three treatment groups subjected to IRI and treated with oleuropein at 10, 50, and 100 mg/kg, respectively. In all IRI groups, 45 min of bilateral renal ischemia was followed by 24 h of reperfusion. Biochemical analyses included total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) levels in serum and kidney tissues. Renal function was assessed by serum creatinine, urea, and uric acid levels. Apoptotic markers, including cytochrome c and caspase-3, were evaluated by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Results In the IRI group, TAS and SOD levels significantly decreased, whereas TOS and PON-1 increased (p<0.05). Oleuropein administration improved these parameters in a dose-dependent manner. At 50 mg/kg, oxidative stress markers and renal function tests approached control values (p<0.001). Apoptotic markers were elevated in the IRI group but markedly reduced after oleuropein treatment. Conclusion Oleuropein protected kidney tissue against IRI by reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis. These results suggest that oleuropein may serve as a potential therapeutic agent against renal IRI.

OBJECTIVES:The present study aims to investigate the changes in the expression levels of miR-675 and some selenoproteins (Sel K, Sel W, and Sel P) in patients with breast cancer, before and after radiotherapy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:This study included 35 breast cancer patients who applied to the Department of Radiation Oncology for radiotherapy and 25 healthy female controls. miR-675 expressions were analyzed by using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Western blot was conducted to determine Sel K, Sel W, and Sel P expression levels. Biochemical parameters and complete blood count were analyzed by autoanalyzer system and automatic cell counter, respectively. RESULTS:Plasma Sel K protein expression levels were decreased in the after-radiotherapy group compared to the control and before-radiotherapy groups, but plasma miR-675 expression levels were lower in both before and after radiotherapy groups compared to the control group. CONCLUSION:Our findings showed that miR-675 and Sel K expression levels changed after radiotherapy in breast cancer patients. These changes may have the potential to be biomarkers for the effectiveness of radiotherapy in breast cancer.

BackgroundDuring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), which is frequently utilized in open-heart surgery, the maintenance of circulation in a non-physiological environment may lead to alterations in the properties of circulating blood components. In our study, we aimed to evaluate these changes using contemporary methodologies.MethodsThe study included 48 patients who underwent cardiac surgery with CPB. CPB duration and hypothermia degree were recorded and analyzed. Erythrocyte deformability (ED), erythrocyte aggregation (EA), whole blood viscosity (WBV), total oxidant status (TOS), and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured; ED and EA were measured using LORRCA (RR Mechatronics, Hoorn, Netherlands).ResultsCompared to the preoperative period, a decrease in postoperative ED, EA, and WBV was observed. No significant change was detected in TAS levels; however, TOS levels were found to be elevated. No statistically significant correlation was observed between perioperative patient temperature, CPB duration, and ED, EA, or WBV values.ConclusionsIn patients undergoing surgery with CPB, a postoperative decrease in ED, EA, and WBV was demonstrated. Previous studies have suggested that the decline in ED is associated with blood transfusion. However, the significant reduction in ED observed in our study, even in patients who did not receive blood transfusions, is noteworthy.

Objective: Our study aimed to determine the effect of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, thrombocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune inflammation index (SII), and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) in determining risk factors in pediatric patients who had underdone more than one surgical treatment for septic arthritis. Material and Methods: The study included patients younger than 16 years of age who were surgically treated for septic arthritis between 2018 and 2022. Blood neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), platelet count x neutrophil count/lymphocyte count ratio (SII), and monocyte count x neutrophil count/lymphocyte count ratio (SIRI) were calculated at admission. Results: Mean age of the 25 patients (10 males, 40%; 15 females, 60%) included in the study was (6.24 +/- 4.51) years. The number of patients operated on the hip joint was 6 (24%), and the number of patients operated on the knee joint was 19 (76%). When the type of operation was analyzed, arthroscopic debridement was performed in seven patients (28%) and open debridement in 18 patients (72%) in the first surgical treatment. The number of patients who underwent a second operation was 3 (12%). Conclusion: When comparing mean values of NLR, PLR, SII, and SIRI be- tween patients who underwent multiple surgeries due to septic arthritis and those who had only one surgery, no statistically significant differ- ences were found. Mean C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in patients who had undergone a second surgery were lower than those who had not. However, no significant differences were detected when examining the impact of CRP levels on the necessity of a second surgery.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease, characterized by progressive kidney dysfunction. Early detection and targeted therapies remain key challenges in managing DN. This study aims to identify proteomic alterations in DN patients compared to healthy controls, focusing on proteins involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, immune response, and metabolic dysregulation. Using mass spectrometry and advanced bioinformatics, we identified significant upregulation of proteins associated with platelet activation, immune regulation, and extracellular matrix remodeling, as well as downregulation of proteins linked to lipid metabolism, immune regulation, and structural stability. These findings highlight the molecular complexity of DN and suggest that altered protein expression plays a critical role in the progression of kidney damage. The identified proteins may serve as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and therapeutic targets for DN. Our results underline the importance of proteomic analyses in advancing the understanding of DN pathogenesis and in developing strategies for personalized treatment to improve patient outcomes. Future research should focus on further elucidating these molecular mechanisms and their implications for clinical management.

ObjectivesThis study investigated haemorheological alterations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsA total of 136 individuals were enrolled, comprising 52 healthy controls, 51 RA patients, and 33 SLE patients. Blood samples were collected at the University of Health Sciences Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital in Istanbul, Türkiye. Whole blood and plasma viscosity, along with red blood cell (RBC) deformability and aggregation, were analysed using a Brookfield viscometer and a laser-assisted optical rotational cell analyser (LORRCA).ResultsRBC deformability was reduced in both patient groups compared to controls (EImax: RA 0.645, SLE 0.642, control 0.648), while RBC aggregation was markedly increased (AI: RA 75.66, SLE 74.73, control 65.5) (p < 0.05). Plasma and whole blood viscosity were also elevated in RA and SLE groups, with the highest values observed in SLE patients (PV: RA 1.43, SLE 1.48, control 1.31).ConclusionsRA and SLE patients show notable impairments in haemorheological parameters. Evaluating RBC deformability, aggregation, and plasma viscosity may help clarify disease mechanisms and guide therapeutic strategies to mitigate vascular complications and tissue damage in autoimmune disorders.

The incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing with obesity, and it is believed that the ongoing low-grade inflammation in obesity and alterations in the enterohepatic axis contributing this process. This study aimed to determine the role of fecal calprotectin (FC) as inflammatory biomarker in obesity and NAFLD. Between November 2022-August 2023, 31 obese and 10 healthy adolescents aged between 10 and 18 years enrolled in this prospective controlled study. Body mass index higher than 2 standard deviation is considered as obesity. Obese adolescents were divided into two subgroups: obese adolescents (n = 11) and Obese + NAFLD group (n = 20). NAFLD diagnosis was made with biochemical analysis or ultrasonography. FC levels and laboratory parameters analyzed in study group, while only FC samples taken from control group. Anthropometric and laboratory parameters were compared between groups. This study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06229184). The median (IQR P25-75) FC levels in the obese + NAFLD, obese and the healthy controls were 136.23 (43.36-332.04), 61.77 (29.70-285.92) and 38.95 (27.59–50.52) µg/g feces, respectively (p = 0.018). Subgroup analyses revealed that the significant difference was between the obese + NAFLD group and the control group (p = 0.02), while no significant differences were observed between the control and obese groups, or between the obese and obese + NAFLD groups. FC positivity rates were 20

Objective:Endometriosis, a gynecological condition characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, affects millions of women worldwide. This study aimed to investigate neurotrimin (NTM)'s expression, a glycerophosphatidylinositol-anchored neural adhesion molecule, in endometriotic lesions and eutopic endometrial tissue. Methods:In this laboratory based observational study NTM expression was measured in patients with early- and advanced-stage endometriosis and controls (patients without endometriosis who underwent gynecological surgery. Peritoneal endometriosis (peritoneum for controls) and eutopic endometrial tissue samples were collected from patients. Polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to detect NTM in the tissue samples. Additionally, NTM levels in peripheral blood samples of all participants were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results:NTM mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher in the endometriotic foci of the stage 3-4 endometriosis group than in the control group (p<0.01). Stage 1-2 endometriotic foci showed significantly higher NTM IHC staining than the control group; however, no significant difference was found between the mRNA levels. Eutopic endometrial tissue from the stage 3-4 group had significantly higher NTM mRNA levels than the other groups. No significant difference was found between the control and stage 1-2 groups for eutopic tissue. Eutopic endometrial NTM IHC staining did not differ between groups. No significant difference was observed in peripheral blood NTM levels. Conclusion:This study found increased NTM expression, a neural adhesion molecule, especially in advanced endometriosis. The endometrial tissue of patients with early-stage endometriosis also showed increased NTM expression in ectopic locations but not in eutopic tissue.

AIM:To expedite the healing of tendons by introducing chitosan to the repaired tendon site. METHODS:Thirty-six adult, male Wistar Albino rats (300-450 g) were randomly divided into three groups. A full-thickness quadriceps injury model was created in the right hind leg of all animals. The first group did not undergo any intervention (control group). In the second group, primary repair was performed following injury (primary suturing (PS) group). In the third group, primary repair was performed, and 50 mg chitosan was administered via injection at the repair site (PS+Chitosan group). Tail venous blood samples were collected from all rats on days 0, 3, 7 and 14. On days 14 and 28, four subjects from each group were sacrificed for histopathologic evaluation. On day 28, four subjects from each group were sacrificed for biomechanical investigation. RESULTS:The mean total value of the PS+Chitosan group on day 28 was lower than the mean total value of the control group on days 14 and 28 (P = 0.004). The mean IL-1β value on day 14 was higher in the PS group compared with the other groups (P < 0.001). The mean TGF-β value on day 14 was lower in the PS+Chitosan group compared with the other groups (P < 0.001). The average maximal tensile resistance in the monitor group was 1.51 N/mm2. Although statistically significant results were not found, the PS+Chitosan group exhibited biomechanical values that were most similar to those of the intact tendon, while the control group displayed the most divergent results. CONCLUSION:Chitosan application accelerates tendon healing after repair in quadriceps tendon injuries in our rat model. Chitosan affects different pathways and enhances tendon healing as observed in our study.

BackgroundAs a two-stage surgical procedure, Masquelet's technique has been used in the care of critical-size bone defects (CSD). We aimed to determine the effects of modified and altered bone cement with biological or chemical enriching agents on the progression of Masquelet's induced membrane (IM) applied to a rat femur CSD model, and to compare the histopathological, biochemical, and immunohistochemical findings of these cements to enhance IM capacity.MethodsThirty-five male rats were recruited into five groups PMMA, E+PMMA, BC+PMMA, HA, and CPC. The levels of bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), osteocalcin (OC), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were analyzed in intracardiac blood samples collected at the end of 4 weeks of the right femur CSD intervention. All IMs collected were fixed and prepared for histopathological scoring. The tissue levels of rat-specific Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGF-β), Runt-related Transcription Factor 2 (Runx2), and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) were analyzed immunohistochemically.ResultsSerum levels of BALP and OC were significantly higher in E+PMMA and BC+PMMA groups than those of other groups (P=0.0061 and 0.0019, respectively). In contrast, TNF-α levels of all groups with alternative bone cement significantly decreased compared to bare PMMA (P=0.0116). Histopathological scores of E+PMMA, BC+PMMA, and CPC groups were 6.86±1.57, 4.71±0.76, and 6.57±1.51, respectively, which were considerably higher than those of PMMA and HA groups (3.14±0.70 and 1.86±0.69, respectively) (P<0.0001). Significant increases in TGF-β and VEGF expressions were observed in E+PMMA and CPC groups (P=0.0001 and <0.0001, respectively) whereas Runx2 expression significantly increased only in the HA group compared to other groups (P<0.0001).ConclusionsThe modified PMMA with E and BC, and CPC as an alternative spacer resulted in a well-differentiated IM and increased IM progression by elevating BALP and OC levels in serum and by mediating expressions of TGF-β and VEGF at the tissue level. The estrogen resulted in relatively promising findings among altered and alternative bone cement.

We aimed to determine the effect of the access sheath diameter used in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) on renal function. We also investigated the predictors of impaired renal function. Data were prospectively collected from patients who underwent PNL from December 2020 to December 2021. The patients were randomized into two groups according to access sheath diameter: Group 1 (22 Fr, n = 44) and Group 2 (28 Fr, n = 44). Relative renal function (RRF) was calculated by technetium-99 m dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphy, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated by diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid scintigraphy. A difference of 5

BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to determine the reference intervals of 14 clinical biochemistry tests in healthy individuals aged 18 - 65 years. The reference intervals determined by using direct and indirect methods were compared with each other and the manufacturer's RI in terms of gender. METHODS:Blood was collected from 302 reference subjects selected on the basis of admission and exclusion criteria based on the procedures set out in document C28-A3, and 14 clinical chemistry tests were performed using the analytical systems available in our laboratory. The analyses were conducted using the MedCalc and SPSS20 programs in the direct method and the Bellview (1.2.6 Version) program in the indirect method, according to the Bhattacharya procedure. RESULTS:Nine biochemical tests showed statistically significant differences according to gender (p < 0.05). These tests include alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, high-density cholesterol, low-density cholesterol, urea, uric acid, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and inorganic phosphate. CONCLUSIONS:The direct method was the first method used to obtain the reference intervals. The indirect method can be used as an alternative to the direct method for AMLY and UA tests for the general population. According to the manufacturer's RI, lower and upper limits of HDL, LDL, Ca, and Mg were compatible with indirect RI in two genders. Lower and upper limits of ALP, LDH, and ALB were compatible with manufacturer's RI in female.

Objectives Diabetic nephropathy (DN), the primary cause of end-stage renal disease, is associated with chronic hyperglycemia and elevated blood pressure. This study investigates the correlation between DN and changes in hemorheology, which involves blood flow properties. Methods At the University of Health Sciences in Istanbul, T & uuml;rkiye, erythrocyte deformability, aggregation, and viscosity were measured using advanced ektacytometry (Lorrca (R) Maxsis) on blood samples from 31 healthy individuals, 41 diabetic patients, and 45 patients with diabetic nephropathy from University of Health Sciences Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital. All hematocrit values were standardized to 40 %. Results Deformability of red blood cells (RBCs), indicated by the elongation index at shear stresses from 0 to 30 Pa, significantly decreased in the diabetic nephropathy group compared to diabetic patients without nephropathy and healthy controls (mean min-max SD: 0.650 (0.63-0.67) vs. 0.659 (0.64-0.68) and 0.642 (0.62-0.66), respectively; p<0.01). RBC aggregation significantly increased in the diabetic nephropathy group (mean min-max SD: 77.52 (57.84-90.7) vs. 69.96 (53.13-80.53) in controls; p<0.01), and plasma viscosity was also higher (mean min-max SD: 1.48 (1.27-2.02) mPas vs. 1.34 (1.22-1.72) mPas in controls; p<0.001). Conclusions Our findings demonstrate marked hemorheological changes in diabetic nephropathy patients. These changes suggest that evaluating RBC deformability, aggregation, and viscosity is critical for developing therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing vascular complications and preventing tissue damage in diabetics.

Background. Vitamin B12, an indispensable micronutrient, is pivotal in numerous physiological processes, with particular significance during pregnancy and fetal development. The increasing adoption of vegetarian diets and the economic challenges associated with accessing animal-based food sources contribute to the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency. This study aims to examine the levels of vitamin B12 and homocysteine in pregnant women upon admission for delivery and to analyze corresponding cord blood samples from their newborn infants in a substantial sample within the Istanbul metropolitan area. Materials and Methods. This cross-sectional multicenter study included women aged ≥16 years admitted for delivery and their newborns ≥34 weeks. The demographic data and the results of complete blood counts within the previous 24 hours before birth were recorded. Vitamin B12 and homocysteine levels were measured in maternal and cord blood samples. The study parameters were compared between the groups based on the mothers’ and babies’ homocysteine and vitamin B12 levels. Results. The study included 832 pregnant women and 832 neonates. Anemia affected 36% of pregnant women, with a higher frequency in mothers with vitamin B12 deficiency. Seventy-eight mothers and 48.9% of neonates showed Vitamin B12 levels below 200 pg/mL, while elevated homocysteine levels were observed in 30% of mothers and 26% of neonates. Maternal vitamin B12 deficiency was significantly correlated with cord blood B12 deficiency and elevated homocysteine. The median cord blood vitamin B12 level was inversely correlated with the number of previous pregnancies. Conclusion. Vitamin B12 deficiency is extremely common in pregnant women before delivery, significantly correlating to cord blood homocysteine and vitamin B12 levels. However, homocysteine alone is not a reliable marker for maternal vitamin B12 status. Implementing strategies to detect vitamin B12 deficiency and supplying adequate vitamin B12 supplementation during pregnancy holds the potential to enhance maternal and neonatal health in Türkiye.

Objective: The question of whether severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection influences ovarian function and oocyte quality has arisen as angiotensin converting enzyme-2 receptors, which facilitates viral infection, are found on reproductive system tissues, including the vagina, placenta, uterus, and ovaries. The primary objective of this prospective study was to evaluate the impact of SARSCoV-2, on ovarian function, with a focus on anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and acute phase reactant levels in patients well after recovery from coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Material and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology at a single center between October 2020 and June 2021. In order to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on ovarian reserve, 34 non-pregnant women of reproductive age (24-38 years) with COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction positivity were included. Results: The difference between AMH levels measured 6 months after COVID-19 infection and baseline AMH levels was-0.31 +/- 0.80 ng/dL on average and-0.25 (-2.1-1.3) ng/dL on median. Significant correlations were observed between the change in AMH levels and white blood cell levels (r=-0.434, p=0.010), lymphocyte levels (r=-0.361, p=0.036), C-reactive protein levels (r=0.542, p=0.001), ferritin levels (r=0.570, p=0.001) and procalcitonin levels (r=0.598, p=0.001). Conclusion: We believe this is the first study to examine whether there is a correlation between the late results of COVID-19 and ovarian function. In this cohort, AMH values decreased 6-months after recovery from COVID-19 and a correlation was found between measures of disease severity and the magnitude of decrease in AMH. However, the study was underpowered and future larger studies are required to validate these findings. (J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc. 2024; 25: 231-7)