The Reserva Biológica do Tinguá is a protected area located in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. It is part of the Atlantic Forest domain and primarily features Dense Ombrophilous Forest, ranging from lowland to submontane, montane, and highland vegetation types. The Reserva Biológica do Tinguá is critically important for conservation, ranking among the priority areas for protecting the biodiversity of the Atlantic Forest, as well as local water supply. Understanding and accessing the floristic list within the regions is essential to developing effective conservation strategies. We utilize herbaria databases to create a comprehensive list of plant species based on revised taxonomic data. The updated list of vascular plants recorded in Rebio Tinguá is available in the “Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil” and is presented here with additional details on species richness, endemism, and conservation status.The Reserva Biológica do Tinguá contains 1,301 species of vascular plants, including 1,133 angiosperms, one gymnosperm, and 167 are ferns and lycophytes. Of these species, 52,2% are endemic to the Atlantic Forest. There are 97 threatened species, of which five are considered Critically Endangered (CR), 57 Endangered (EN), and 36 Vulnerable (VU) at national level. Among the threatened species, 86 are endemic to the Atlantic Forest. The number of records and species richness in this area are notably high, comparing to Atlantic Forest standards. Protecting areas like the Reserva Biológica do Tinguá in densely populated urban centers presents considerable challenges due to environmental degradation, including air and water pollution and extraction of natural resources. Recognizing the ecological significance and promoting floristic studies of the remaining fragments of the Atlantic Forest is essential for biodiversity conservation ensuring overall environmental integrity.

Lauraceae are a diverse family of the Neotropical flora that have recently undergone extensive taxonomic changes in the delimitation of genera. Here we review 30 currently accepted Neotropical genera of Lauraceae based on the combination of vegetative and reproductive characters, with a focus on floral characters. We present an identification key, as well as diagnostic descriptions, number of species, distribution, and phylogenetic information for the accepted Neotropical genera.

Background: Studies that aim to analyze the transcultural traditional knowledge from different countries still in their infancy but are essential to favor an equal and fair division of the benefits resulting from the exploration of genetic resources and to develop sustainable strategies for conservation. The goal of this research is to compare the traditional knowledge about medicinal plants by the Huni Kuĩ people with the knowledge from other cultures, in order to assess the singularity of the Huni Kuĩ knowledge and to identify the convergence in medicinal plants use with other cultures. Methods: We did a literature review for 83 plant species and compiled all traditional knowledge available on the Scielo PubMed and Google Scholar. We searched for the scientific name of each species and its synonyms (382) plus the words “ethnobotany”, “ethnobotanical” or “medicinal” as inclusion criteria. Results: We found 625 papers for 54 plants. About 73% of the medicinal services found for these species were considered, and 90% of all medicinal services cited were from the Huni Kuĩ people. The other 10% (20 species) were shared with other communities. Most of the research was conducted in the Brazilian Amazon, but also in the other countries. Conclusion: Our results show the singularity of the Huni Kuĩ knowledge and the complexity in the distribution of traditional knowledge, which highlights the importance of projects that document the traditional knowledge, in order to create new conservation strategies and public policies. Keywords: traditional knowledge, indigenous people, indigenous language, medicinal services, ethnobotany

Abril Boldorini Aclebia Alves Quaresma Adaíses Simone Maciel da Silva Adarilda Petini Benelli Adilva de Souza Conceição Adriana Luiza Ribeiro de Oliveira Adriana Queiroz de Lima Adriana Quintella Lobão Agnes Maria de Mendes V. de Matos Agostina Belén Sassone Alain Chautems Alan R. Smith Alan W. Meerow Alessandra dos Santos Alessandro Silva do Rosário Alexa de Araújo de Oliveira Paes Coelho Alexandre Gibau de Lima Alexandre Indriunas Alexandre Quinet Alexandre Rizzo Zuntini Alexandre Salino Alfonso Octavio Delgado Salinas Alicia Marques Torres Alina Freire-Fierro Aline da Costa Mota Aline Fernandes Pontes Pires Aline Maria Souza Stadnik Aline Matos de Souza Aline Pitol Chagas Aline Possamai Della Aline Silva Quaresma

Ocotea catharinensis occurs mainly in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and is highly threatened by timber logging, forest fragmentation, and habitat loss. The remnant populations of this species are genetically rich, which may be related to the presence of long-lived trees, and so it is imperative to understand their growth and age. In this study, we analyzed trees of O. catharinensis from dense ombrophylous forest, its dendrochronological potential, the period of cambial activity and dormancy, and the influence of climate on annual growth. The species showed distinct annually-formed tree-rings, with cambial activity during summer and autumn, and cambial dormancy during winter and spring. A tree-ring width chronology was built from 1852–2015. The estimated age of the sampled trees varied from 40 to 164 years. O. catharinensis in our study site does not show a strong age–diameter relationship, hence similar diameters at breast height resulted in differences in ages by as much as 50 years. The resulting tree-ring width chronology is positively correlated with March precipitation, the transition month between rainy and dry seasons. This study brings valuable contributions to the understanding of the growth of O. catharinensis , which is a novelty for this species and important to the maintenance of these long-lived trees in natural forests.

Purus National Forest (PNF), located in the municipality of Pauini, Amazonas state, Brazil, has a high conservation status and a population of about one thousand inhabitants. However, the scarcity of environmental studies in a suitable scale for the PNF management planning demands studies that quantify and qualify the stock of resources, that identify the community demand and set sustainable forest production techniques. Thus, the objective of the present work was to analyze the floristic composition, forest structure and the forest management potential of part of a "terra firme" dense ombrophylous forest located in the Forest Management Unit (UMF-1) of Ceu do Mapia village, the largest populational nucleus of PNF. To do so, a forest inventory was made, sampling in a block of 12 parcels of 50x50m, and all trees with DBH >= 10 cm were measured. The floristic composition was carried out and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou equability index were used to assess the biodiversity and the uniformity of the community. The structural forest analysis was based on the absolute and relative values of density, dominance, frequency, importance value and diameter distribution of the basal areas and volumetric estimates of the population. A total of 1,764 individuals, pertaining to 35 botanic families, 91 genera and 163 possible specimens were registered, emphasizing that less than 40%(65) were identified at the species level. The UMF-1 is characterized by the high floristic diversity (H' = 4.10), few dominant species (J = 0.81) and many species with low abundance. Out of the commercial species used by the community, three are among the ten species with the greatest importance value, a total of 26 possible commercial species of sustainable exploitation.

A Floresta Nacional (FLONA) do Purus, situada no município de Pauiní-AM, apresenta elevado estado de conservação e uma população de aproximadamente mil habitantes. No entanto, a carência de estudos ambientais em escala adequada para o planejamento da gestão da FLONA torna imprescindíveis levantamentos que quantifiquem e qualifiquem o estoque de recursos, identifiquem a demanda comunitária e fundamentem técnicas de produção florestal sustentável. Nesse sentido, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi analisar a composição florística, a estrutura florestal e o potencial de manejo florestal de um trecho de floresta ombrófila densa de terra firme, localizado na Unidade de Manejo Florestal-1 (UMF-1) da Vila Céu do Mapiá, maior núcleo populacional da FLONA. Para tanto, foi realizado um inventário florestal por amostragem aleatória de 12 parcelas de 50x50m, sendo mensurados todos os indivíduos com DAP ≥ 10 cm. Foi realizada a análise da composição florística, bem como utilizados os índices de diversidade Shannon-Wienere de equabilidade de Pielou, para avaliar a diversidade e uniformidade da comunidade. A análise da estrutura da floresta foi baseada nos valores absolutos e relativos de densidade, dominância, frequência, valor de importância e distribuição diamétrica, da área basal e estimativas volumétricas do povoamento. Foram registrados 1.764 indivíduos, pertencentes a 35 famílias botânicas, 91 gêneros, e 163 possíveis espécimes, ressaltando que menos de 40% (65) foram identificadas em nível de espécie. A UMF1 caracteriza-se pela alta diversidade florística acumulada da comunidade arbórea amostral (H'= 4,10), poucas espécies dominantes (J = 0,81) e muitas espécies de baixa abundância. Das espécies comerciais utilizadas na comunidade, três figuram entre as dez espécies com maior valor de importância, em um total de 26 espécies comerciais possíveis de exploração sustentável.

Studies have identified the central region of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest as an area of high biodiversity and endemism. Strong anthropogenic pressure has made protected areas in Rio de Janeiro State important sites for biodiversity conservation as they contain many areas of extreme biological importance. We sought to document and qualitatively describe the arboreal species composition of the Tinguá Biological Reserve by examining the collection data of the herbaria at the Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (RB) and the Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (RBR). The survey identified 563 species belonging to 249 genera and 77 families, including 13 new occurrences for Rio de Janeiro State, 34 endemic species for the state, 17 vulnerable species, 15 endangered species, and one critically endangered species. Our results demonstrate the importance of this environmental protection area to the conservation of many plant populations and identified the region as harboring high tree diversity—thus reinforcing its role as an important forest remnant in a fragmented landscape within a threatened biome.

Resumo O trabalho apresenta um estudo taxonomico das especies de Lauraceae no Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Municipio de Itatiaia, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Sao apresentadas 19 especies subordinadas a 11 generos: Aiouea (1 sp.), Aniba (1 sp.), Beilschmiedia (1 sp.), Cinnamomum (1 sp.), Cryptocarya (2 spp.), Endlicheria (1 sp.), Licaria (2 spp.), Nectandra (5 spp.), Persea (3 spp.), Phyllostemonodaphne (1sp.), Rhodostemonodaphne (1 sp.). O estudo consta de chave de identificacao, descricoes, dados das fenofases, distribuicao geografica, comentarios e ilustracoes. Palavras-chave: Floristica, Taxonomia, Conservacao, Rio de Janeiro. Abstract This study presents the research of the Lauraceae species in the Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Municipality of the Itatiaia, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Nineteen subordinate to eleven genera species are presented: Aiouea (1 sp.), Aniba (1 sp.), Cassytha (1 sp.), Endlicheria (1 sp.), Licaria (2 spp.), Nectandra (4 spp.), Persea (2 spp.), Phyllostemonodaphne (1sp.) e Rhodostemonodaphne (1 sp.) . The study constitute the key of identification, description, phenology, geographic distribution, commentary and illustrations. Key words: Floristics, Taxonomy, Conservation, Rio de Janeiro.

This study presents the taxonomic study of the Lauraceae species in the restingas of Rio de Janeiro State. Our work provides an identification key, description, data on phenology, geographic distribution, commentary and illustrations. Twenty-five species subcategorized in nine genera were recognized: Aiouea Aubl., Aniba Aubl., Cassytha L., Endlicheria Nees, Licaria Aubl., Nectandra Rol. ex Rottb., Ocotea Aubl., Persea Mill. and Rhodostemonodaphne Rohwer ex Kubitzki. The number of species was high with ten new occurrences, showing that Lauraceae is among the top 20 most important Families for the restinga. Ocotea, the genus of highest specific richness, is among the twelve most important genera in the restingas of the state of Rio de Janeiro.

Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.

This study presents the taxonomic study of the Lauraceae species in the restingas of Rio de Janeiro State. Our work provides an identification key, description, data on phenology, geographic distribution, commentary and illustrations. Twenty-five species subcategorized in nine genera were recognized: Aiouea Aubl., Aniba Aubl., Cassytha L., Endlicheria Nees, LicariaAubl., Nectandra Rol. ex Rottb., Ocotea Aubl., Persea Mill. and RhodostemonodaphneRohwer ex Kubitzki. The number of species was high with ten new occurrences, showingthat Lauraceae is among the top 20 most important Families for the restinga. Ocotea, thegenus of highest specific richness, is among the twelve most important genera in the restingasof the state of Rio de Janeiro.

ResumoO trabalho apresenta um estudo taxonômico das espécies de Lauraceae no Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Município de Itatiaia, Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. São apresentadas 19 espécies subordinadas a 11 gêneros: Aiouea(1 sp.), Aniba (1 sp.), Beilschmiedia (1 sp.),Cinnamomum (1 sp.), Cryptocarya (2 spp.),Endlicheria (1 sp.), Licaria (2 spp.),Nectandra (5 spp.), Persea (3 spp.),Phyllostemonodaphne (1sp.),Rhodostemonodaphne (1 sp.). O estudo consta de chave de identificação, descrições, dados das fenofases, distribuição geográfica, comentários e ilustrações.

A new species and a new name in Ocotea Aubl. (Lauraceae) from Brazil). A new species, Ocotea revolaajblia A. Quinet, and a new name. O. mandioccana A. Quinet, based on Persea Meisn, are proposed for Brazil. Descriptions, illustration, conservation status and comments on taxonomic relationships as well as geographic distribution are presented.

RESUMO É descrita e ilustrada uma nova espécie de Ocotea para o estado do Espírito Santo - O. pluridomatiata A. Quinet.

O presente trabalho consiste de uma sinopse taxonômica dos gêneros da família Lauraceae no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Constatou-se a ocorrência de cerca de 109 espécies distribuídas em 16 gêneros: Aniba Aubl., Aiouea Aubl., Beilschmiedia Nees, Cassytha L., Cinnamomum Schaeff., Cryptocarya R. Br., Endlicheria Nees, Licaria Aubl., Mezilaurus Kuntze ex Taub., Nectandra Rol. ex Rottb., Ocotea Aubl., Persea Mill., Phyllostemonodaphne Kosterm., Pleurothyrium Nees, Rhodostemonodaphne Rohwer & Kubitzki e Urbanodendron Mez. Foi elaborada uma chave para identificação dos gêneros, fornecidos descrições e comentários sobre cada um deles, com distribuição geográfica, número de espécies no Brasil e no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, como também é disponibilizada uma lista preliminar das espécies ocorrentes no Estado.