The Struge-Weber syndrome is the third most common neurodermal disease after neurofibromatosis and tuberous sclerosis. This disease is not inherited, but occurs exclusively sporadically, both in men and in women, and in all races and ethnic groups. In 90% of cases, this syndrome is diagnosed in pediatric practice. Adult cases of this syndrome are sporadic, since they remain unrecognized due to the polymorphism of this disease. Comorbidity between epilepsy and the Sturge-Weber syndrome was noted.Aim. To conduct a literature analysis and describe the clinical observation of epilepsy with the Sturge-Weber syndrome.Materials and methods. Patient M., 50 years old has been observed for a long time due to complaints on episodes of numbness according to the hematotype with transient paresis. The examination (MRI) revealed changes characteristic for Sturge-Weber syndrome. The presence of specific paroxysmal changes according to the results of electroencephalography helped to verify the genesis of paroxysmal conditions.Results. The patient underwent a comprehensive examination. As a result, the diagnosis of epilepsy was verified. The prescription of adequate antiepileptic therapy allowed for stabilization and jugulation of epileptic seizures.Conclusion. In this clinical observation, we focus on the differential diagnosis between transient ischemic attack and epilepsy. Unfortunately, at the moment, adults with a previously undetectable syndrome undergo multiple hospitalizations and do not receive antiepileptic therapy, since the prior disease (epilepsy) is not verified.

Iron deficiency (ID) is a common disorder worldwide, hence physicians of virtually all specialities must know about the disease. Knowledge of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and latent iron deficiency (LID) is especially relevant for practicing pediatrician. The article tell about the national and foreign research on the prevalence of IDA and LID. The most significant factors contributing to the prevalence of ID among different population groups are discussed: sex, age, ecological, physiological, social and economic factors.

The article tells about the problem of acute respiratory infections in preschool children. Pharmacoeconomic efficacy of ribosomal immunomodulatory therapy for the prevention of acute respiratory infections is evaluated. The study found that ribosomal therapy with Ribomunyl has financial benefits and allows to dwindle almost by half the cost of treatment of acute respiratory infections within 2 years after treatment.

Deficiencies of micronutrient status during pregnancy may result in disruption in fetal development, malformations, premature birth, low birth weight, as well as a higher incidence of alimentary-dependent diseases in infants. Timely detection and management of micronutrient deficiencies when planning and throughout pregnancy are key for the successful course of pregnancy, adequate fetal development and postnatal growth of the infant. The authors discuss indications and methods for managing vitamin and mineral deficiencies in pregnant and lactating women, composition and benefits of various drugs and specialty foods.

The article presents features of physiological processes and pathological conditions in under one-year children that predispose the development of iron-deficiency anemia. Basic methods of iron deficiency prophylaxis and principles of iron drug selection and dose selection for iron-deficiency anemia treatment for children in the stated age category are described in the article. Particular attention is paid to the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia in preterm infants; foreign and domestic recommendations on this issue are presented. A practicing pediatrician needs to know the features of the disease’s development and treatment caused by differences in physical conditions accompanied by a high activity of metabolic processes and the immaturity of the young patients’ anatomic structures in order to identifiy and select the right iron-deficiency anemia treatment strategy.

Objective. To determine tolerability and effectiveness of continuous vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) in patients with drug resistance epilepsy (DRE). Patients and Methods. A VNS system was implanted to 9 adults (aged 14–38) with DRE. The duration of catamnesis was 8–12 months. Results. During the first 2–3 months after the VNS system had been implanted, seizure frequency reduced by over 50% in half of the patients with DRE. The remaining patients showed a similar positive effect 8–12 months after the VNS parameters had been adjusted. A decrease in seizure frequency, duration and severity, as well as shortening of the post-seizure period were observed in 12.5% of patients. Negative side effects, such as dysphonia and throat discomfort, were found in 12.5% of patients. These undesirable effects were eliminated by adjusting magnetic stim- ulation parameters. Significant positive EEG dynamics, such as regression of paroxysmal epileptic activity, were obtained in 62.5% the cases. Conclusions. VNS therapy is a safe and effective treatment method for reducing the frequency and severity of seizures in patients with DRE.

The article is dedicated to one of the most urgent issues of the pediatrics — rational antibacterial therapy of the community acquired pneumonia among infants. The authors highlighted the age peculiarities of aetiology and basic criteria for diagnostics, clinical peculiarities and principles of empirical selection of the starting etiotropic therapy for pneumonia among children. They characterized the antibacterial medications allowed for the treatment of pneumonia among children, as well as their regimes of dosage and injection methods.Key words: infants, community acquired pneumonia, diagnostics, treatment, antibacterial therapy.

The article is dedicated to one of the most urgent issues of the pediatrics — rational antibacterial therapy of the community acquired pneumonia among infants. The authors highlighted the age peculiarities of aetiology and basic criteria for diagnostics, clinical peculiarities and principles of empirical selection of the starting etiotropic therapy for pneumonia among children. They characterized the antibacterial medications allowed for the treatment of pneumonia among children, as well as their regimes of dosage and injection methods. Key words: infants, community acquired pneumonia, diagnostics, treatment, antibacterial therapy.