Purpose This study proposes a structured decision-making framework for prioritizing sustainable Lean-Green (LG) initiatives in the farming sector. Given the increasing emphasis on environmentally responsible and efficient operations, the framework aims to guide decision-makers in aligning project selection with both sustainability goals and operational excellence. Design/methodology/approach A hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach, combining the Best-Worst Method (BWM) and Fuzzy TOPSIS, was developed to rank LG project alternatives. Seven main criteria and thirty sub-criteria were identified through expert consultation and a comprehensive literature review. The proposed model was applied to evaluate five key production lines within a major Indian tractor manufacturing plant in the farming sector. Findings The analysis identified the tractor assembly line as the most suitable alternative for the LG project, demonstrating strong alignment with both sustainability and productivity objectives. The result affirms the model's robustness in addressing complex decision-making scenarios that involve multiple, often conflicting criteria. Research limitations/implications While the study offers a systematic and data-driven approach to sustainable project prioritization, it is constrained by its industry-specific context and static evaluation. Broader implementation may require sectoral adaptation and incorporation of dynamic decision parameters. Originality/value This study is among the first to propose an integrated BWM–Fuzzy TOPSIS decision-making framework for the strategic prioritization of sustainable Lean–Green initiatives in the agricultural equipment sector. By combining a consistency-driven weighting approach with a fuzzy ranking mechanism, the study addresses the complexity and uncertainty inherent in multi-criteria project selection, providing practical guidance for manufacturing organizations in emerging economies.

The efficacy of employing multiple cylindrical phase change materials (PCM) to enhance the performance of an air conditioning (AC) unit is examined in this study. The objective of the present study is to examine the effects of combining an AC unit with a cylindrical PCM container configuration on the PCM discharge process and the performance of the AC system. The procedure involves the connection of a heat exchanger with a cold energy storage PCM to the condenser of the AC. During the daytime, the warm surrounding air is cooled and then transmitted to the AC unit's condenser. Four different turbulence models, that is, the SST k-omega$$ k-\omega $$, standard k-omega$$ k-\omega $$, Realizable k-epsilon$$ k-\varepsilon $$ and RNG k-epsilon$$ k-\varepsilon $$ have been considered for the present computational study. The investigation has been performed for different air flow rates, that is, 33.6, 42, and 49 L/s$$ \mathrm{L}/\mathrm{s} $$ for a constant inlet air temperature of 308.15 K. The present outcomes indicate that as the flow rate rises, the air temperature inside the domain increases and the solid PCM starts melting. It is noted that complete discharging time for multi-cylindrical PCM reduces as the air flow rate rises which are around 13.36, 11.03, and 9.94 h for airflow rates of 33.6, 42, and 49 L/s$$ \mathrm{L}/\mathrm{s} $$, respectively. The maximum achieved increase in the COP is around 94.49%, 88.68%, and 87.57% at airflow rates of 33.6, 42, and 49 L/s, respectively, for the multi-cylindrical PCM throughout the summer. It is found that for the same temperature, as the airflow rate rises, the consumed power saving rises.

ABSTRACTThe goal of the current study is to determine how the SST and the standard turbulence models prediction on PCM with cylindrical configuration affect AC performance and PCM discharging when coupled with an AC unit. For simulation, 308.15 K and 318.15 K, the inflow air temperature has been considered with a fixed 33.6 L/s intake air flow rate. The low outside temperature charges the PCMs during the night. During the daytime, heated ambient air is cooled by the PCM heat exchanger before passing over the unit condenser. The present outcomes show that using the standard model, the cylindrical PCM has the lowest time of complete melting. The temperature contours demonstrate that turbulence occurs, particularly at higher temperatures, in the PCM melting zone within the solid region. This implies that there is increased convection in this area. The maximum improved percentage in COP increases as the rising input air temperature for both turbulence models increases. The average power saving of AC at 308.15 K of an input air temperature for 83.33 min is predicted by both the standard and the SST to be 14.0905 W and 14.1089 W, respectively.

The aim of current work is to analyze the hurdles for enhancing sustainable lean operations in the generation of digital era and green revolution. As companies are struggling to edge the appearing opportunities for preserving sustainability considering green regulations in global marketplace. To achieve the objective of sustainability, Systemized literature reviews conducted along with professionals’ opinion. An analysis distinguished significant nine sustainable parameters of green revolution (SPCE) and 15 lean sustainable hurdles (ELH) within desirability bonds for lean environmental-friendly operations. An integrated technique represents AHP–ELECTRE is used to examine these hurdles for achieving sustainable lean operations in organization value chain. Numerous hurdles are related to digitization, such as, lack of practiced manpower that realize digital technology, Inadequate regulations & command, purposeless achievement framework and focus of short timing targets. This research work finds incompetent policies for combination of digitization alongside green estimates, integrated along with deficiency of capital for digitization drives, consist of 2 vital hurdles. An investigation of current study is built upon the viewpoint of 5 knowledgeable in field of manufacturing units. Consequently, outcome of current work may not universal due to opinions might disagree from company to company. The research work can help industry experts to call attention for putting efforts to digitalize or automatize operating processes regarding sustainable operations and resourcefulness circularity. Preservation of resources are especially significant in current situation of circularity. The outcomes of this work will assist organizations to build a constructive and combined actionable guidelines which will promote lean eco-friendly production in value chain using refined understanding of digitization and zero waste.

Purpose This paper aims to analyze energy and exergy analysis of solar-based intercooled and reheated gas turbine (GT) trigeneration cycle using parabolic trough solar collectors (PTC) with the use of MATLAB 2018. Design/methodology/approach In the first section of this paper, the solar-based GT is validated with the reference paper. According to the reference paper, the solar field is comprising 30 modules in series and 35 modules in parallel series, where a total of 1,050 modules of PTC are taken into consideration. In the second part of this paper, the hybridization of the solar, GT trigeneration cycle is analyzed and optimized. In the last section of this paper, the hybridization of solar, intercooled and reheated GT trigeneration systems is examined and compared. Findings The results examined the first section, the power produced by the cycle will be 37.34 MW at 0.5270 kg/s mass flow rate of the natural gas consumption and the efficiencies of energy and exergy will be 38.34% and 39.76%, respectively. The results examined in the second section, the power produced by the cycle will be 38.4 MW at 0.5270 kg/s mass flow rate of the natural gas consumption and accordingly the efficiency of energy and exergy is found to be 40.011% and 41.763%. Where in the last section, the power produced by the cycle will be 41.43 MW at 0.5270 kg/s mass flow rate of the natural gas consumption and the energy and exergy efficiencies will be 39.76% and 40.924%, respectively. Originality/value The author confirms that this study is original and has neither been published elsewhere nor it is currently under consideration for publication elsewhere.

Adding renewable energy sources to an existing power system is one way to increase the power output of that system and make it more efficient. This study investigates the thermodynamics of a triple power cycle that combines Gas Turbine (GT), Rankine cycle (RC), and Kalina cycle (KC) with Solar and Biomass assistance. For topping cycle, an existing Gas Turbine cycle was used, whereas the intermediate cycle in the notion of research is the Rankine cycle and the bottoming cycle is Kalina cycle in the concept of study. Parametric optimisation was used to determine the best efficient system operating parameters as well as the likely maximum overall performances for each of the single and multi-systems. In the literature, the collector efficiency of the solar field is found to be 53.17%, however, in the current investigation, it is 53.35%. Similar to how the thermal efficiency of the solar field in the literature is discovered to be 36.12% while it is 36.74% in the current study, the current value is supported by the tiny variation in the current value. The power developed by Gas Turbine post the eclectic analysis was evaluated as 40.71 MW, it was quantified as 14.32 MW and 5.982 MW using Rankine and Kalina cycles, respectively. The energy and exergy efficiencies were computed as 40.53% and 41.38%. This research evinces that the modules of PTC and biogas considered in this study contribute to enhancing the power of a triple power cycle.

The present study aims to explore the key success factors (KSFs) of lean-green (LG) practices and establishing an association between them in context of Indian automotive industry. Twenty–Six KSFs of LG practices are identified through comprehensive literature reviews and screened them using statistical analysis. During screening of KSFs, the expert’s input was collected through questionnaire survey and analyzed it using Importance-Index and CIMTC method. The statistical result reveals that twenty–two KSFs are found the most significant out of twenty–six KSFs. Also, the consistency of statistical output was checked through reliability analysis and observed that screened KSFs are reliable and consistent with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.870. Further, the mutual interaction among finalized KSFs is observed using Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) and clustering them into four quadrant (dependent, independent, linkage, autonomous) using MICMAC analysis. The ISM model reveals that the KSFs of LG practices are administrative active participation, Resource Adequacy, Structured Training module, Tactical intelligence. Moreover, in MICMAC analysis, the finalized KSFs are clustered into four quadrants as per their driving and dependence power. The result of this study facilitates to industrial managers and practitioners of tractor industries to adopt LG practices in their running system efficiently. The managers of automotive industry can pay attention on those KSFs which lies at the bottom level in the ISM model.

The conduction of a numerical investigation for enhancing the efficiency of a trigeneration system cycle constituted by solar and biomass energy sources for the hybrid energy-driven intercooler and reheated Gas Turbine (GT) trigeneration system is submitted in this paper. The heat source for the GT is a Parabolic-Trough Collectors (PTC)’s solar module biogas boiler, the solar field of which is comprised of a total of 1050 PTC modules with 30 and 35 modules in series and series-parallel respectively. The air passing into the combustion chamber (CC) is preheated by the energy extracted from biogas and solar field. The efficiency of the cycle is escalated by channelling the GT’s exhaust to operate the air condition system. The investigation resulted in obtaining a 40.75 MW of power produced by the cycle at a mass flow rate of 0.4710 kg/s of the natural gas consumption, furthermore, the efficiencies of energy and exergy are reported as 39.27% and 40.72% respectively at the pressure ratio of 18 and turbine inlet temperature of 1400 K. This optimum solution leads to with |A 1.34 % increase of efficiency and a 72% savings in fuel as a consequent of this optimal resolve.

The delivery of integrated care requires the establishment of effective professional relationships that foster collaborative working across health systems. Evidence for how to prepare practitioners to work in those settings is limited. By exploring an innovative postgraduate Programme for Integrated Child Health (PICH) this article highlights the conditions by which effective collaboration can be encouraged. Our qualitative evaluation of PICH involved one-to-one semi-structured interviews with 23 postgraduate general practice and paediatric trainees and their mentors. We analysed the data using the concept of the 'third space', where multiple discourses between individuals with diverse professional backgrounds occur, enabling creative exploration of tensions inherent in new ways of working in order to identify enablers and barriers to collaboration. Our analysis identified three themes that enabled collaboration: effective communication, boundary work and educational spaces; and four themes that were barriers: traditional hierarchical professional identities, curriculum design, financial systems and workplace spaces. PICH demonstrated the value of educational spaces and their role in enabling collaborative practice, as participants explored their professional identities and those of other disciplines. Structural factors in the workplace which inhibit collaborative practice were also evident. We conclude by proposing a model for collaborative learning in third spaces based upon the recognition that, while educational programmes alone will not lead to change, they have the potential to inform the development of productive workplace spaces that will be required if collaborative practice in healthcare is to become a reality.

Abstract Introduction Incisional Hernia has an incidence ranging from 2–20%. Large and complex incisional hernias are difficult to treat with standard procedures. PCS-TAR is a relatively novel procedure. There persists a gap in knowledge regarding its outcomes, especially in the Indian population. Aims & Objective To identify the pre-operative clinical and radiological factors that predict the risk of re-herniation and wound and mesh-related complications after CVH (Complex Ventral Hernia) Methodology In a prospective observational study, patients undergoing open PCS-TAR with retro rectus mesh for Complex Ventral Hernia repair included in the study. The patient demographics, hernia characteristics, radiological details, operative data, post- operative outcomes, and follow-up data were entered in a pre-designed proforma. Data were analyzed with SPSS softwere. Results 35 patients with CVH were included, of which 30 (85%) women and 5 men. The mean age was 51.8 years and the mean BMI was 29.7 kg/m2. The mean size of defect was 12 cm. 83% hernia were midline primary and 255 were recurrent hernias. We observed zero recurrences at six months of follow-up, but a high wound morbidity rate of up to 49%, of which most common was seroma formation. 23% of patients developed SSI. Conclusion In conclusion, PCS-TAR is a promising novel procedure for complex ventral hernias not amenable to primary closure using the traditional retro rectus approach, with excellent short term outcomes. Wound morbidity is a significant concern with this procedure, which can be prevented or reduced by thorough pre-operative optimization on a case-to-case basis.

There is a lot of demand on Indian manufacturing companies these days to keep their processes running by overcoming environmental and sociological difficulties as well as adhering to government regulations. However, neither lean manufacturing nor green manufacturing principles can offer a viable solution to these issues. As a result, now is the time to create a hybrid production system that combines lean and green manufacturing. However, implementing a lean and green manufacturing system will not be simple, as it will be hampered by a number of obstacles. The authors of this study considered all potential hurdles to the implementation of lean and green manufacturing methods, and they ranked the most essential barriers to be eliminated first for a successful lean and green manufacturing system implementation. A self-designed questionnaire was distributed to respondents, and data was collected on a 5-point Likert scale, with factor analysis used to identify the primary hurdles out of the potential 57 limitations. Resistance to change, a lack of practical expertise, and cost/benefit limits are the key roadblocks to implementing lean and green manufacturing practices.

In the current study, we reported the concentration of heavy metals (ppm), physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition of Sesamum indicum seed oil from arid zone in Rajasthan. MP-AES is used for the analysis of heavy metals from the seed oil of Sesamum indicum. The heavy metals are found in seed oil in following order: Zn (7.92), Fe (1.14), Mn (0.74), Pb (0.07), Ni (0.05) and Cr (0.01) in ppm respectively. Sesamum indicum oil was tested for its physicochemical properties. The proximate analysis revealed 46.00% oil content. HPLC was used to determine the fatty acid composition of the oil sample. Saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids were recorded for 15.52%, 42.86% and 41.32% of the total amount of fatty acids respectively. Linoleic acid (42.38%) was the most abundant fatty acid followed by oleic acid (41.20%) and palmitic acid (9.90%). Stearic acid (5.62%), linolenic acid (0.48%) and palmitoleic acid (0.12%) were present in small amounts.

Sustainable lean green manufacturing research is the primary emphasis of this study (SLGM). Manufacturing Organizations can benefit from a combination of lean practices and environmental practices, according to this paper. Despite countless studies, there is no definitive definition of lean and green. In terms of social, economic, and environmental concerns, studies have linked lean manufacturing to green manufacturing. A review of previous research is undertaken in this study to assess the manufacturing industry's shortcomings. Research papers from well-known databases were analyzed to identify the gaps in sustainable lean and green manufacturing practices. After a thorough analysis, it is recommended that sustainable lean and green manufacturing be further developed. Reduced implementation gaps for lean and green manufacturing will increase industrial sustainability. The essay also discusses lean and green manufacturing, as well as lean waste, lean processes, and lean green implementation. Finally, the research closes with a literature survey in order to better understand the present state of lean manufacturing and its varied approaches.

Background: Quality management in healthcare is critical for hospitals and everyone in the loop —from physicians to support staff—needs to be aware of and involved in this process. Objectives: To assess the perception of employees about the quality management system (QMS) implemented at a tertiary care eye hospital in north India and to use it to identify scope for further improvement. Methods: This cross-sectional mixed-method study involved both questionnaire-based survey and an in-depth interview by a third party. The questionnaire had 12 questions to assess the changes in culture, infrastructure, environment, system, operation theatre and outpatient department. Employees shared their opinion about improvements brought by the QMS in eight years. Respondents were divided into five groups based on their job description: (i) doctors, (ii) technical staff (nursing/operation theatre/laboratory), (iii) optometrists/opticians/audiologists, (iv) patient care executives and (v) human resources/administration/others. Results: Of the 73 employees interviewed, 94.5% perceived an improved treatment and care process and 91.8% perceived improved treatment results. According to 83.6% of the employees, they were encouraged to report patient safety concerns and 71.2% saw improved incidence and adverse event management. The QMS has increased patient satisfaction according to 83%, while 91.8% felt it improved the profile of the hospital. The employees stated no negative effects of the QMS except a long waiting time of the patients and the duplication of paperwork. Conclusion: QMS has brought many positive changes across the hospital. Still, there is scope to reduce the patient waiting time and paperwork duplication.

New drug development is a highly regulated and complex process that involves the pharmaceutical industry, academic institutions, and government agencies' collaborative work. In pre-clinical testing, statistics indicate that out of 5000 compounds only five enter and evaluated in human clinical trials, moreover, only one drug is approved for human use. The whole process of drug development takes around $2-2.5 billion and a time of 12-15 years to complete. Around 50% of investigational compounds fail during the development phase of clinical trials. Despite numerous scientific and technological advancements in research and development, many clinical trials fail to develop new, safe, and effective drugs. Approximately, 70% of clinical trials fail in phase 2; whereas, the failure rate of confirmatory trials (phase 3) is around 50%. Tufts center for the study of drug development evaluated the three most common factors behind clinical trial failure-safety, efficacy, and deficient funds. Success-failure of a trial is also associated with other factors like a new molecule, molecular size, and therapeutic efficacy. As drug development involves numerous lives and billions of investments, one failed trial affects the subject's quality of life by physical/social consequences and huge losses to pharmaceutical companies. To reduce the failure rate, many biopharmaceutical companies have opted or established their own more disciplined protocol, portfolio, and progress review frameworks. These strategies reduce the chances of errors during drug development and help in clinical trials' success rate.

Abstract Nanofluids has significant effect on heat transfer enhancement for comparatively high Reynolds number than to low Reynolds number flow. Whereas, vibration effects reduces in significance as Reynolds number increases. This study combined these two method of heat transfer enhancement i.e. use of nanofluid flow through pipe under vibration. A grid independent CFD model used for the study was validated in various aspects such as it was validated for variation of local Nusselt number, isothermal vibrational flow and non-isoviscous viscosity model so that one could believe the results obtained from the model. A valid CFD simulations has been done to investigate the effect on heat transfer to fluid flowing from pipe subjected to a constant heat flux. Al2O3-water based nanofluid was used as Newtonian fluid as it exhibits Newtonian behavior at low concentration (∅ < 2%). In order to make it non-Newtonian in nature, mixture of Al2O3 nanoparticles and 0.5 wt% aqueous CMC solution was used. Temperature dependent viscosity and thermal conductivity relations were considered for nanofluid so that it can be effectively model as single phase fluid including factors like liquid layering, Brownian motion etc. Simulations were done for different Reynolds number, volume fraction and solid particle diameter and results were presented in the form of ratio of heat transfer coefficient of vibration flow to steady-state flow. At low Reynolds number flow, a significant increment was observed for non-Newtonian nanofluid and its effect increases for volume fraction and solid particle than that of Newtonian nanofluid for the range of simulation parameters used.

Objectives: Medical education is an ever-changing field with the need for hour. Patient-doctor relationships are continuously evolving with increasing awareness of the patients. This study aims to determine the perceptions of stakeholders (students, faculty and administrators) about the new foundation course implemented by MCI in all medical colleges in India from batch 2019 to 2020 onwards. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 90 Phase-I MBBS students, 38 faculty members and 15 administrators involved in conducting the foundation course. All stakeholders answered an open-ended questionnaire. Data were converted to percentages and analysed. Results: Students reported improvement in communication skills and knowledge about ethics concerning to medical practice. They also reported improved interaction with the faculty. Their perceptions were confirmed by other stakeholders. The foundation course was rated by two-third of administrators and half of the faculty between 80% and 90%, while one-third of students between 70% and 80%. Conclusion: The impact of the foundation course on Indian Medical Graduate training has a long way to go, the beginning seems to be promising in the form of achievement of short-term outcomes indicated in this study, it appears that soon the intermediate and long-term outcomes will also be achieved, leading to a better health-care system.

Developing countries often cite shortage of human resource, limited accessibility, low affordability, and asymmetric availability of health care resources as the provider end barriers to health care service utilization. Using the example of a market research project undertaken to establish an advanced surgical eye hospital in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, a decision-grid is constructed whereby health care providers' can make informed decisions regarding expansion and service delivery. The comparative and interpretive logic-based approach utilizes public domain data coupled with field research and is apt for those working in developing countries and/or resource-crunch settings. The paradigms laid out and discussed, provide building blocks for decision-making, which if harnessed effectively, have broad applicability in terms of reaching the previously unreached and ultimately in improving health outcomes.

Gas turbine (GT), organic Rankine cycle and Kalina cycle are foundation of most prominent technologies for the revival of heat which is wasted in terms of generation of power. A significant phase for improvising efficiency of a renewable energy source would be curated through an amalgamation including cooling, heating and power cycle integrated to a renewable-based trigeneration cycle, which has been formally presented in this paper. On this relation geothermal energy, solar energy and biomass are proposed for viable supply of renewable energy. An ejector refrigeration cycle, Li/Br refrigeration cycle and absorption refrigeration cycle are incorporated to constitute the cooling cycle. Solar tower systems, parabolic trough collector system and linear Fresnel reflector systems are the three principal concentrating solar power technologies that can be effectively utilized as assimilation of solar and GT cogeneration systems. Performance of the integration of solar-, biomass- and geothermal-based trigeneration cycles can be assessed by running a simulation analysis in various simulation software such as THERMOFLEX with PEACE software, DYnamic Energy Systems OPTimizer tools, Specific Exergy Costing, Cycle Tempo, Aspen-HYSYS software, ECLIPSE process simulation package and Engineering Equation Solver software.