Cancer is a fatal disease that has long plagued and damaged people. In the last two decades, many researchers have been interested in the use of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in medicine and pharmaceutical application particularly in the field of cancer diagnostics and treatment. The goal of this article is to provide an overview of MNPs as well as the principles of successful techniques for delivering these nanoparticles to cancer cells. According to an examination, there are two types of active and passive techniques for delivering MNPs to cancer cells. The targeted transfer of nanoparticles to the tumour happens in the active approach, which uses specific molecular ligands of tumour cells and irradiates an external magnetic field to the tumour area, whereas the passive method penetrates the tumour due to its permeability and nanoparticle retention. MNPs offer a variety of applications in biomedicine, including targeted medication delivery to tumours, magnetic resonance imaging, and cancer treatment with hyperthermia, due to their magnetic nature and capacity to carry pharmaceuticals. The use of MNPs in medicine has led to focus on the treatment of cancer. This review indicates that a reduction in the side effects and biological damage produced by chemotherapy in patients can be obtained using MNPs.

One of the well-known ways to produce porous scaffolds or special three-dimensional (3D) micro-nanostructures is using the 3D printing technique. This technique requires a suitable computerized model of the scaffold using computer-aided design software or the computed tomography. The 3D printer fabricates a product by using a digital file and creates a layer-by-layer physical sample. Integrating different technologies and materials into one operational procedure can produce 3D tissue engineering scaffolds with enhanced properties. There are different tissue engineering strategies, including cell-based, factor-based, and scaffold-based strategies. In scaffold-based tissue engineering, 3D scaffolds are one of the most important applications of 3D printers, especially in medical science. In this article, a review of 3D printers, suitable for the production of soft and hard tissue engineering with different technologies is performed and several 3D printing techniques are described. Moreover, the pros and cons, and limitations of the 3D printing technique are discussed.

Wound dressing made from biomaterials has been illustrated promising to treat subcutaneous injuries. The paper presents a novel method for the in situ synthesis of silver nanoparticle on cotton fabric with reducing agent and in vitro characterization of tragacanth/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) wound dressing with curcumin. For synthesizing the wound dressings, nanosilver was used as the carrier for controlled release of curcumin and then coated, along with tragacanth/PVA hydrogels, on the cotton fabric that was used to provide mechanical support to the dressing. For characterizing the wound dressings, scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), contact angle measurement were performed. Also, these wound dressings were evaluated in vitro for drug release, cell culture and MTT analysis. Our results showed that the addition of curcumin could decrease the cell cytotoxicity, thus improving cell viability of the wound dressings. The measurements of contact angle indicated that with the addition of the PVA and tragacanth, the hydrophobicity of the wound dressing could be improved, while the SEM results illustrate the presence of the in situ synthesized coated nanosilver in the dressings. The loading efficiency on the fabric was around 85% and the in-vitro release profile of curcumin showed 42% burst release. Taken together, this study illustrates that fabricated wound dressing composite have the appropriate swelling capacity, mechanical and biological properties for wound healing.

Nearly every 100 years, humans collectively face a pandemic crisis. After the Spanish flu, now the world is in the grip of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). First detected in 2019 in the Chinese city of Wuhan, COVID-19 causes severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. Despite the initial evidence indicating a zoonotic origin, the contagion is now known to primarily spread from person to person through respiratory droplets. The precautionary measures recommended by the scientific community to halt the fast transmission of the disease failed to prevent this contagious disease from becoming a pandemic for a whole host of reasons. After an incubation period of about two days to two weeks, a spectrum of clinical manifestations can be seen in individuals afflicted by COVID-19: from an asymptomatic condition that can spread the virus in the environment, to a mild/moderate disease with cold/flu-like symptoms, to deteriorated conditions that need hospitalization and intensive care unit management, and then a fatal respiratory distress syndrome that becomes refractory to oxygenation. Several diagnostic modalities have been advocated and evaluated; however, in some cases, diagnosis is made on the clinical picture in order not to lose time. A consensus on what constitutes special treatment for COVID-19 has yet to emerge. Alongside conservative and supportive care, some potential drugs have been recommended and a considerable number of investigations are ongoing in this regard.