目的:为提高皮肤科门诊合理用药的水平,根据相关法规、技术规范,对门诊处方中有关痤疮药物治疗的适宜性进行评价.方法:选取我院皮肤科门诊近2年来的处方,对其中临床诊断为痤疮的处方共计192份进行分析.结果:我院皮肤科门诊近两年就诊的痤疮患者占到皮肤病患者的8％,其中以中、重度患者较多,痤疮药物治疗不适宜处方比例为8.85％,存在着一定的不合理用药现象.结论:开展对专病门诊用药适宜性的点评,是医院处方点评工作的延伸,也是将该病种治疗尽快纳入临床治疗路径的必要过程.根据痤疮药物分级治疗的原则,当前急需完善的是合理规范的使用抗菌药物,预防痤疮丙酸杆菌耐药性的发生.
目的考察我院外用制剂质量的稳定性,为验证原定的制剂有效期提供依据。方法从我院外用制剂品种中选取水溶液型、醇溶液型、混悬型和乳膏型共10个品种,从外观性状、含量测定、微生物限度等方面进行6~12个月的稳定性监测。结果 10种制剂在有效期内各项检查均符合规定。结论我院常用的外用溶液剂中(包括水溶液型、醇溶液型、混悬型)的有效期在6个月以内,乳膏剂的有效期在1年以内,质量是有保证的。
Objective:To explore drug interactions of systemic medication in Dept.of Dermatology.Method:Retrospective analysis of prescriptions with latent drug interactions were performed in our hospital during July and December 2008,these prescriptions were discovered by pharmacists auditing.Result:The total of prescriptions with latent drug interactions was 156,accounted for 16.12%of the irrational drug use,the models of drug interactions involved in pharmaceutics,pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.Conclusion: The ADR or drug toxicity is important reason for drug interactions,and drug interactions study has a guiding significance about the evaluation of rational drug use.
AIM To evaluate the therapeutic effect of desonide cream combined with fusidic acid cream on eczema and atopic dermatitis.METHODS One hundred and fourteen patients with eczema and atopic dermatitis were randomly divided into treatment group(58 patients) and control group(56 patients).Patients in the treatment group were administered with 0.05% desonide cream combined with 2% fusidic acid cream,and patients in the control group were given 0.05% desonide cream only,twice a day for 14 days.The eczema area and severity index(EASI) scoring,curative effect,healing time and adverse reaction were observed.RESULTS The EASI score of the treatment group decreased significantly than that of the control group after 7 and 14 days(P 0.01).The healing time was(7.8 ± s 2.6) d and(10.4 ± 2.7) d in the treatment group and control group,respectively.There was significant different between two groups(P 0.01).The effective rate(81%) of the treatment group was higher than that(61%) of the control group(P 0.01).No significant adverse reaction was observed.CONCLUSION Desonide cream combined with fusidic acid cream is effective and safe in eczema and atopic dermatitis with shorter healing time.
OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the quality management of hospital preparation in medical institution.METHODS:The relationship between the cause for some typical ADR events such as "Armillarisin A Injury","Xinfu Injury","Methotrexate Injury","Aesculus Wilsonii Rehd Injury" and drug production were discussed and analyzed by combining with status quo of preparation management in hospital.RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Above ADR events were connected with quality management in drug production closely.The quality management system of hospital preparation should be established to strengthen management of whole preparation process and guarantee the safety of hospital preparation.
The adverse drug reaction/event(ADR/ADE) induced by local medication in dermatology has high incidence and all kinds of clinical forms.Sometimes it might aggravate the original skin diseases,even cause systemic damage.When the external use drug plays a role in the treatment,it also could affect the barrier function of skin cuticle,which lead to the ADR/ADE.The pathogenesis of ADR/ADE could divide into two types:the idiopathic and the allergic.To take appropriate measures to prevent and reduce the ADR/ADE induced by local medication,we have analyzd the related factors of ADR/ADE and searched for allergen.
Objective To observe combined use of antihistamines on the treatment of allergy-related and itch dermatoses. Methods H1-R antagonists combined with other anti-inflammatory drug were use for OPD from July 2007 to June 2008. Results The combined use of H1-R antagonists, corticosteroids,first -generation and second-generation antihistamines of combined use were mostly used and single-use antihistamines were only 8.44%. Conclusion The combined use of antihistamines prevents allergy-related and itch dermatoses.
目的综述抗真菌药物的分类及研究新进展。方法综合和分析国内外有关文献报道。结果总结各类型抗真菌药物的作用机制及耐药机制;从脂质体药物的开发、三唑类药物的构效关系、作用于真菌细胞壁的药物等几方面最新的研究成果,探讨抗真菌药物的发展方向。结论多项研究表明抗真菌药物的联合应用,可产生协同作用和相加作用,并减少真菌耐药的发生。
糖皮质类固醇激素具有明显的抗炎、抗风湿、抑制免疫反应的作用.但同时会产生血糖升高、蛋白分解、水盐潴留等一系列副作用,因此希望通过结构改造除去或减轻副作用,并增加抗炎作用.本文主要对外用糖皮质类固醇激素(topical corticosteroids)的研究进展,以及合理选用做一综述。
门诊药房是医院的一个重要服务商口,服务质量的高低,直接影响医院的形象。笔者认为门诊药房应以病人为中心,提供热情的周到服务,是对药师的基本要求。
对外用制剂复方氯霉素洗剂控制菌菌检方法进行研究改进,结果表明用离心沉淀法与薄膜过滤法结合是最佳选择,金黄色葡萄球菌阳性生长良好。
目的分析我院门诊近几年来退药现象的原因,旨在探讨避免和减少退药行为发生,所应采取的防范措施。方法选取我院2002年~2004年皮肤科门诊372例退药处方进行统计分析。结果引起退药的原因,排在前三位的分别是药价的因素、药品的不良反应、药品的质量问题。结论医生加强与患者的沟通,药师加强在库药品的养护,做好有效期药品的管理,是减少退药现象发生的关键。
目的制备复方氢化可的松酊,观察临床疗效。方法采用永停滴定法对复方氢化可的松酊中的氯霉素含量进行测定。结果本法平均回收率为100.3%,RSD为0.8%(n=9),临床有效率为97.5%。结论本品制备工艺简便,制备质量稳定,临床疗效好。
目的探讨如何正确使用皮肤科外用药.方法从合理用药的角度总结出六方面的内容,以及正确使用外用药所应注意的几点事项.结认合理而正确地使用外用药物都应遵循一定的原则,才能使药物发挥其应有的疗效.
本文介绍了几种调节软膏剂黏度与稠度的方法,并探讨了影响黏度与稠度的因素,提出了软膏剂理想的黏度与稠度的要求.
目的总结我院药房计算机管理系统的使用感受,进行计算机管理的经验交流.方法根据2年多来我院药房计算机管理系统的使用过程,阐述计算机管理的模式,特点与使用体会.结果 2年多的药房计算机管理实践,增强了管理的透明度,提高了管理科学性.结论药房计算机管理系统的应用提高了药剂科的管理水平.
目的探讨积雪甙治疗痤疮后疤痕的疗效及其使用方法.方法 21例痤疮后疤痕病人,外用霜剂者先清洁局部,涂霜剂后疤痕按摩1～2min,每天3次.口服片剂,每次12mg,每日3次.观察其症状与体征的变化.结果积雪甙有较好的抑制瘢痕增生和软化瘢痕的作用,疗效确切.结论积雪甙是一种目前比较有效、使用方便的防治痤疮后疤痕药物.
目的制备复方倍他米松擦剂,观察临床疗效.方法将倍他米松等制成擦剂,建立质量控制方法,进行临床疗效观察,并分析处方,探讨注意事项及禁忌症.结果临床应用总显效率45.16%,哈西奈德组28.57%,两组差异具显著性(P＜0.05).结论本品制备工艺简单,对治疗神经性皮炎疗效确切.
随着我国药品分类管理制度的实施，将会打破过去单一依靠医生开处方买药的历史。药师的工作也将从传统的药房调剂，转变到药学服务领域上来，以指导合理用药。外用制剂的应用是皮肤科、五官科治疗中必不可少的给药途径，往往需要药师口头交代患者，以便使患者能更加准确地选择药物剂型，理解如何用药，以及用药的目的，现将常用外用药物制剂的使用方法介绍如下，以供参考： 1 膏霜剂 理论上1g霜剂能覆盖10×10cm2的皮肤，1g的软膏剂大约会比霜剂多覆盖10%的面积。其对面部和手的单次用药量为2g，对一条胳膊、前胸或后背的单次用药量为3g，对一条腿的单次用药量为4g，全身用药量一般为20g～30g。皮肤科常用手指涂药来代替搔抓，一般每日2次，涂后轻揉患处1min，有利于药物的吸收。
