Ethnopharmacological relevance: The Zishen Yutai pills (ZYP), a Chinese medicinal formulation derived from the Qing Dynasty prescription "Shou Tai pills", have been documented to exhibit beneficial effects in clinical observations treating premature ovarian failure (POF). However, the anti-POF effects and its comprehensive systemic mechanism have not yet been clarified. Aim of the review: Therapeutic effects and systemic mechanism of ZYP in POF were evaluated. Materials and methods: After pulverization, sieving, and stirring, ZYP was administered intragastrically to cisplatin-induced POF mice at a dose of 1.95 mg/kg/d for 14 days. The anti-POF effects of ZYP were investigated by assessing the number of ovarian follicles at different developmental stages, as well as measuring serum estradiol (E2) levels and ovarian-expressed anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH). Reproductive performance and offspring health were evaluated to predict fertility restoration. Furthermore, a combination of proteomic and metabolomic profiling was employed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism of ZYP in treating POF. Western blot (WB) analyses and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were conducted to explore the mechanisms through which ZYP exerted its anti-POF effects. Results: We have demonstrated that oral administration of ZYP reversed the reduction in follicles at different developmental stages and stimulated the expressions of serum E2 and ovarian-expressed AMH in a cisplatininduced POF model. Additionally, ZYP ameliorated follicle apoptosis in ovaries affected by cisplatin-induced POF. Furthermore, treatment with ZYP restored the quantity and quality of oocytes, as well as enhanced fertility. Our results revealed 62 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) through proteomic analyses and identified 26 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) through metabolomic analyses. Both DEPs and DEMs were highly enriched in the arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism pathway. ZYP treatment effectively upregulated the protein and mRNA expression of critical targets in AA metabolism and the AKT pathway, including CYP17 alpha 1, HSD3 beta 1, LHR, STAR, and AKT, in cisplatin-induced POF mice. Conclusions: These results indicated that ZYP exerted protective effects against POF and restored fertility from cisplatin-induced apoptosis. ZYP could be a satisfying alternative treating POF.

Background Zishen Yutai (ZSYT) pill, a patent Chinese medicine, has been widely used in the treatment of infertility, abortion, and adjunctive treatment of in vitro fertilization (IVF) for decades. Recently, the results of clinical observations showed that premature ovarian failure (POF) patients exhibited improved expression of steroids and clinical symptoms associated with hormone disorders after treatment with Zishen Yutai pills. However, the pharmacological mechanism of action of these pills remains unclear. Methods The compounds of Zishen Yutai pills found in blood circulation were identified via ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) technique in the serum of POF mice after oral administration of Zishen Yutai pills. The potential targets of compounds were screened using Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database, Traditional Chinese Medicine Database@Taiwan, Drugbank Database, PubChem, HIT, Pharmapper, and Swiss Target Prediction. The target genes associated with POF were collected from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man Database, PharmGkb, Genecards, Therapeutic Target Database, and Genetic Association Database. The overlapping genes between the potential targets of Zishen Yutai pills' compounds and the target genes associated with POF were clarified via protein-protein interaction (PPI), pathway, and network analysis. Results Nineteen compounds in Zishen Yutai pills were detected in the serum of POF mice after oral administration. A total of 695 Zishen Yutai (ZSYT) pill-related targets were screened, and 344 POF-related targets were collected. From the results of Zishen Yutai (ZSYT) pill-POF PPI analysis, CYP19A1, AKR1C3, ESR1, AR, and SRD5A2 were identified as key targets via network analysis, indicating their core role in the treatment of POF with Zishen Yutai pills. Moreover, the pathway enrichment results suggested that Zishen Yutai pills treated POF primarily by regulating neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and ovarian steroidogenesis. Conclusions Via virtual screening, we found that regulation of neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and ovarian steroidogenesis was the potential therapeutic mechanism of Zishen Yutai pills in treating POF. Our study suggested that combining the analysis of Zishen Yutai pills' compounds in blood in vivo in the POF model and network pharmacology prediction might offer a tool to characterize the mechanism of Zishen Yutai pills in the POF.

Wushe Zhiyang Pills (WZP), a classical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has been extensively used for the treatment of chronic urticaria and other relevant dermatologic diseases. In this study, a holistic method combining ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector (UPLC-DAD) fingerprint and multi-components quantitative analysis was developed and validated for quality evaluation of WZP. As a result, a total of 34 characteristic peaks were screened to assess the chemical similarities of 16 batches of WZP samples. By coupling with a hybrid linear ion trap (LTQ)-Orbitrap mass spectrometer, 163 compounds were identified or tentatively identified in WZP. Furthermore, a rapid quantitative analysis method based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) technique was optimized and validated for simultaneously determination of 16 chemical markers within 13 min in WZP. The developed UPLC-MS/MS approach was successfully employed for analysis of 16 batches of WZP samples. The proposed comprehensive method combining holistic chemical profile with notable target compounds has proved to be suitable for the systematical quality evaluation of WZP, which provides a feasible and efficient strategy to monitor the overall quality consistency of TCM formulae.

目的 建立新胃乃安片(黄芪、三七、红参、人工牛黄和珍珠层粉)的质量标准.方法 采用薄层色谱法对处方中的黄芪、红参和三七中的多种指标成分进行同时鉴别;采用薄层色谱法对人工牛黄进行鉴别;采用HPLC-ELSD法对方中黄芪的黄芪甲苷进行测定.结果 薄层色谱特征明显,在同一薄层板上能同时鉴别黄芪、红参和三七药材;黄芪甲苷在1.539 ～15.39 μg (r=0.999 8)范围内呈良好的线性关系,其平均回收率(n=6)为97.0％ (RSD=1.5％).结论 建立的薄层色谱和HPLC定量测定方法简便、重复性好,专属性强,可用于新胃乃安片的质量控制.

OBJECTIVE:To develop an HPLC-DAD-ELSD method for detecting the fingerprint of Astragali Radix and evaluate the quality through similarity calculation and chemical pattern recognition.METHOD:Separation was performed at 25 degreeC on an Agilent Zorbax ODS C18 column(4.6 mm x250 mm,5 microm). Gradient elution was performed with the mobile phases of acetonitrile and water containing 0. 2% formic acid. The flow rate was 0. 8 mL min-1 , and sample size was 10 microL. The UV detection wavelength was set at 280 nm. The drift tube temperature for ELSD was set at 110 degreeC , and the nebulizing gas flow rate was 3.0 L min-1. The similarity calculation and chemical pattern recognition were used for fingerprint analysis.RESULT:The HPLC-DAD-ELSD method for chromatographic fingerprint of Astragali Radix showed better results of stability, precision and repeatability. The reference chromatographic fingerprint of Astragali Radix was established on the eighteen Astragali Radix samples from different sources. The results of similarity calculation were higher than 0. 83, which was in accordance with the result of chemical pattern recognition analysis.CONCLUSION:Fingerprint and chemical pattern recognition analysis could effectively distinguish Astragali Radix from different source, which could be applied to the quality control of Astragali Radix.

目的:观察胃乃安新制剂对水浸束缚应激性胃溃疡的作用及其作用机制.方法:在应激性胃溃疡模型下,从肉眼观察、病理切片、透射电镜三个层面评价胃乃安新制剂对水浸束缚应激性胃溃疡的药效,并检测胃组织的丙二醛、超氧化物歧化酶水平以探讨胃乃安可能的作用机制.结果:与模型组比较,肉眼观察及病理切片评分结果表明,高剂量组、雷尼替丁组均有抗应激性胃溃疡效果(P＜0.01),且新制剂抗溃疡效果呈剂量依赖性关系;透射电镜观察结果表明新制剂可明显逆转主细胞、壁细胞的超微结构损伤性改变;新制剂可降低胃组织MDA含量,升高SOD活性.结论:胃乃安新制剂对水浸束缚应激性胃溃疡有显著抗损伤作用,其机理可能与抗氧化,清除自由基有关.

OBJECTIVE:To determine the content of puerarin in Xiaoke pill powder rapidly by near-infrared spectroscopy.METHOD:Near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy technology was used to collect NIR spectra of Xiaoke pills powder. With HPLC analysis values as reference, the fast determination method of puerarin was established with partial least squares (PLS).RESULT:The R2, RMSECV and RPD of the calibration model for puerarin were 0.980 1, 0.131 and 7.09. The average relative deviation of the predication set was 3.2%.CONCLUSION:The method is accurate, fast and simple, which could be generalized to the on-line quality control of Xiaoke pill powder production.

Objective:To establish an HPLC-ELSD method for the determination of peimine and peiminine in Hechan tablets.Methods:Chromatography was performed on a HiQsil C_(18) column(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)at 25 ℃.The mobile phase composition was acetonitrile-methanol-diethylamine(60:40:0.05)with a flow rate of 0.8 mL·min~(-1).An evaporate light-scattering detector(ELSD)was used as detector with gas flow rate of 2.0 L· min~(-1) and drift tube temperature of 80℃.Results:The calibration curves of peimine and peiminine were linear in the ranges of 0.29-2.80μg and 0.34-3.40μg,and their regressive equations were Y=1.557X+1.666(r= 0.9996)and Y=1.700X+1.571(r=0.9999)respectively.The average recoveries(n=5)of peimine and peimi- nine were 99.2%(RSD=2.7%),and 99.4%(RSD=3.1%),respectively.Conclusion:The method is reliable, simple,and accurate.It can be used to control this preparation.

Objective To observe the effect of Tiaowei Xiaozhi Pills on gastric juice secretion and gastrointestinal function in rats model of damp stagnation syndrome. Methods The damp stagnation syndrome model was established in rats. The gastric juice,pepsin and gastrointestinal function were determined. Results Tiaowei Xiaozhi Pills in the dosages of 700 mg/kg and 350mg/kg can diminish the amount of gastric juice and pH level and increase pepsin level. Tiaowei Xiaozhi Pills in the dosages of 700 mg/kg,350 mg/kg,175 mg/kg can also improve gastrointestinal function in model rats. Conclusion Tiaowei Xiaozhi Pills have improvement on gastrointestinal function in rats model of damp stagnation syndrome.

[Objective] To observe the effects of Chinese herbal medicine in prolonging survival time in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ and to search a regimen for late NSCLC. [ Methods ] A prospective, multi-center, randomized and control trial was carried out in 294 cases of NSCLC from 6 hospitals. The cases were allocated to three groups at the proportion of 1:1:1. Group A (n =99) received Chinese herbal medicine, group B ( n = 103) was treated with western and Chinese medicine and group C ( n = 92) with western medicine. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the main outcome indexes of median survival time (MST) and median time to progression (TTP). [Results] In groups A, B and C, MST was 292, 355 and 236 days, the one-year accumulative survival rate was 45.38% , 48.86% and 42.17% (P = 0.4508), median TTP was 187, 239 and 180 days, and one-year accumulative non-progressed rate was 33.22 % , 37.44 % and 28.28 % (P = 0.2890), respectively. [ Conclusion ] For the sample size is small, the difference between groups is insignificant; however, MST is prolonged to 10 months in patients treated with Chinese herbal medicine and to 12 months in patients treated with the combination of Chinese herbal medicine and chemotherapy, indicating that Chinese herbal medicine is effective.

Background & objective Chemotherapy is a treatment for stage III-IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the efficacy is not ideal. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has certain effect on NSCLC. This study was to investigate various factors that affect the prognosis of advanced NSCLC, and evaluate the role of TCM in enlonging survival time of patients with stage III-IV NSCLC. Methods The NSCLC patients who meet the inclusive criteria were randomized into TCM group, combination (TCM plus NP regimen) group, and chemotherapy group, and received relevant treatments. The median survival time (MST) was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method. The prognosis of the patients was analyzed by COX regression method. Results A total of 294 stage III-IV NSCLC patients were enrolled, of which 99 were in TCM group, 103 in combination group, 92 in chemotherapy group. The MST were 292 days in TCM group, 355 days in combination group, and 236 days in chemotherapy group; the cumulative survival rates were 45.38%, 48.86%, and 42.17%, respectively (P>0.05). Cox regression analysis indicated that therapy, gender, disease course, erythrocyte sedimentation, KPS score, tumor size, and patient's weight were independent prognostic factors of stage III-IV NSCLC. Conclusion Compare with chemotherapy alone, TCM combined with chemotherapy may prolong the survival time of stage III-IV NSCLC patients.

目的:从药物经济学角度研究中医药在提高Ⅲ、Ⅳ期非小细胞肺癌患者生存期中的应用价值,探讨中晚期非小细胞肺癌的治疗方案.方法:采用前瞻性、多中心、随机、对照的方法,将符合标准病例随机分成中医组、中西医组以及西医组,观察期3个月,以瘤体有效率及稳定率、中位生存期作为效果衡量指标对三种治疗方案进行成本-效果分析.结果:共纳入合格病例294例,中医组99例,中西医组103例,西医组92例.三种治疗方案中,中医组的有效率为4.0%,稳定率为66.7%,中位生存期为292天,完成疗程人均费用18682.2元.有效率、稳定率每增加1个百分点成本分别为4624.3元、280.2元:中位生存期每提高1年成本为52.6元.中西医组的有效率为26.2%,稳定率为81.6%,中位生存期为355天,完成疗程人均费用36148.5元.有效率、稳定率每增加1个百分点成本分别为1379.2、443.3元:中位生存期每提高1年成本为101.8元.西医组的有效率为14.1%,稳定率为76.1%,中位生存期为236天,完成疗程人均费用28750.5元.有效率、稳定率每增加1个百分点成本分别为2034.7元、377.8元;中位生存期每提高1年成本为121.8元.结论:中医药是中晚期非小细胞肺癌的一种经济、有效的治疗方案.

板蓝根为十字花科植物菘蓝(Isatis indigotica Fort.)的干燥根,具有清热解毒,凉血消肿的功效[1],靛玉红、靛蓝为其中的有效成分之一.本文采用双波长薄层扫描法测定靛玉红的含量,以靛玉红、干膏收率为指标,用正交试验设计优选出板蓝根最佳的提取工艺.

救必应为冬青科冬青属植物铁冬青的干燥树皮.具有清热凉血,消炎、止痛的功效,是肠胃疾病常用的中药.但救必应的鉴别方法无论是单味药还是用于中成药中,都未见报道.本文对目前市场上能购买到的含救必应的四种中成药进行了薄层色谱鉴别研究,制定了成药中救必应的薄层鉴别方法.本实验方法操作简便,重现性好,为控制成药的内在质量提供了依据.

痰咳清为治疗肺热、咳喘的方剂,由麻黄等中药组成.麻黄的主要成分麻黄碱具有发汗散寒,宣肺平喘之功效[1].我们用双波长扫描法对其含量进行了研究.

以总生物碱含量为指标,采用正交试验法考察提取溶媒、溶媒浓度、药材处理方法、提取次数等因素对总生物碱提取效果的影响.结果表明,浙贝母的最佳提取工艺条件为以95%乙醇提取2次,每次1 h,整粒提取,溶媒量6倍,药材不需碱处理.