The antibiogram of 658 S. typhi strains isolated in Moldova during the last 20 years points out that this bacterium is preserving in the studied area its natural sensitivity towards the antibiotics used in the treatment of typhoid fever. A very small number of strains resistant to these antibiotics (below 0.5%) have appeared as an accident without clinico-epidemiological consequences. The MIC unimodal distribution of cloramphenicol and other antibiotics towards S. typhi is similar to the MIC distribution towards the serotypes with very limited circulation (S. java) and much different from the MIC bimodal distribution towards the serotypes having a wide circulation (S. agona). It is considered that the cause of the relative protection of S. typhi strains in Moldova (as a matter of fact in all the country) from the resistance plasmides was only the ever limited circulation of this species. It is opted for the necessity of a surveillance by antibiogramm of the circulating S. typhi strains.
A study was carried out on the epizooto-epidemiologic potential of certain domestic and wild animal species (cold-blooded), of the environment (residual waters) and food products, and their role in maintaining Salmonella endemics (others than the typhoid-parathyphoid group). Account was kept of the incidence of Salmonella and its circulation in subjects exposed to occupational risks and in the mass of the population, including those with clinically manifest salmonellosis and the clinically healthy carriers. The results showed the importance of domestic animals in maintaining the endemic (fowl 15%, swine 10%, bovine 5%). The isolated serotypes were identical to those found in residual eaters, in patients and in carriers. The sensitivity test to antibiotics revealed resistance to more than two antibiotics in 65%, except for the strains isolated from reptiles. Reorganization measures appear necessary in order to restrict the circulation of Salmonella in farm animals and to reduce the risks of infection in humans.
Dans le but d'établir le caractère de foyer naturel de tularémie d'un territoire, 1.374 rongeurs sauvages appartenant é 9 espèces différentes ont été capturés. La' recherche de F. tularensis a été négative.