Crop ScienceVolume 41, Issue 3 p. 925-926 Registrations of Cultivar Registration of ‘Hayden’ Wheat J.S. Quick, Corresponding Author J.S. Quick [email protected] Dep. of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523Corresponding author ([email protected])Search for more papers by this authorE. Souza, E. Souza Dep. of Plant, Soil and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83843Search for more papers by this authorC.H. Pearson, C.H. Pearson Dep. of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523Search for more papers by this author J.S. Quick, Corresponding Author J.S. Quick [email protected] Dep. of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523Corresponding author ([email protected])Search for more papers by this authorE. Souza, E. Souza Dep. of Plant, Soil and Entomological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83843Search for more papers by this authorC.H. Pearson, C.H. Pearson Dep. of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523Search for more papers by this author First published: 01 May 2001 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2001.413925x Hayden was developed with partial financial support from the Colorado Wheat Administrative Committee. Registration by CSSA. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Volume41, Issue3May–June 2001Pages 925-926 RelatedInformation

In the arid western USA, irrigated dry edible beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are normally planted in single drill rows placed on seed beds that vary from 22 to 30 in. in width. Bed width is usually selected to accomodate the producers' farm equipment and production practices. There is a need to re-evaluate planting practices for pinto beans because new cultivars have recently been released that exhibit different growth habits. Field research was conducted at Ft. Collins and Fruita, CO, in 1989 and 1990 to evalatue the influences of bed width (narrow vs. wide), number of drill rows planted on a bed (one vs. two), and plant populations (72 000 vs. 100 000 plants/acre) on yield and yield components of three pinto bean cultivars that have Type I (determinate bush), Type II (indeterminate upright), and Type III (indeterminate vine) growth habits. Cultivars differed in mean seed yield across treatments but did not interact with planting arrangements or populations, indicating that the cultivars responded similarly to altered planting arrangements. Mean seed yield among cultivars was higher in narrow than in wide beds at both locations. Double row arrangement on beds produced higher seed yield at Ft. Collins in both years, but did not influence seed yield at Fruita. Among yield components, pod number most affected seed yield at both locations in both years. Plant population did not influence seed yield in either location or year. In general, seed yield was increased by planting on narrow beds or when double drill rows were planted on beds. These results suggest that pinto bean producers should be able to increase production by planting the crop in either a double row arangement on 30 in. beds, or in single rows on beds less than 30 in. in width.

Crop ScienceVolume 35, Issue 5 cropsci1995.0011183X003500050058x p. 1511-1512 Registration of Cultivars Registration of ‘Fisher’ Pinto Bean A. G. Fisher, A. G. Fisher Colorado State Univ., Fruita Res. Ctr., 1910 L Rd., Fruita, CO, 81521Search for more papers by this authorM. A. Brick, Corresponding Author M. A. Brick mbrick@ceres.agsci.colostate.edu Colorado State Univ., Southwestern Colorado Res. Ctr., Yellow Jacket, CO, 81335Corresponding author (mbrick@ceres.agsci.colostate.edu).Search for more papers by this authorD. R. Wood, D. R. Wood Colorado State Univ., Southwestern Colorado Res. Ctr., Yellow Jacket, CO, 81335Search for more papers by this authorM. Stack, M. Stack Colorado State Univ., Fruita Res. Ctr., 1910 L Rd., Fruita, CO, 81521Search for more papers by this authorH. F. Schwartz, H. F. Schwartz Dep. of Plant Pathology and Weed Sci., Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO, 80523Search for more papers by this authorJ. B. Ogg, J. B. Ogg Colorado State Univ., Southwestern Colorado Res. Ctr., Yellow Jacket, CO, 81335Search for more papers by this authorC. H. Pearson, C. H. Pearson Dep. of Soil and Crop SciencesSearch for more papers by this authorJ. F. Shanahan, J. F. Shanahan Colorado State Univ., Southwestern Colorado Res. Ctr., Yellow Jacket, CO, 81335Search for more papers by this authorM. Ballarin, M. Ballarin Plant Trademark and Copyright Office, 1320 Harbor Bay Parkway, Alameda, CA, 94501Search for more papers by this author A. G. Fisher, A. G. Fisher Colorado State Univ., Fruita Res. Ctr., 1910 L Rd., Fruita, CO, 81521Search for more papers by this authorM. A. Brick, Corresponding Author M. A. Brick mbrick@ceres.agsci.colostate.edu Colorado State Univ., Southwestern Colorado Res. Ctr., Yellow Jacket, CO, 81335Corresponding author (mbrick@ceres.agsci.colostate.edu).Search for more papers by this authorD. R. Wood, D. R. Wood Colorado State Univ., Southwestern Colorado Res. Ctr., Yellow Jacket, CO, 81335Search for more papers by this authorM. Stack, M. Stack Colorado State Univ., Fruita Res. Ctr., 1910 L Rd., Fruita, CO, 81521Search for more papers by this authorH. F. Schwartz, H. F. Schwartz Dep. of Plant Pathology and Weed Sci., Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO, 80523Search for more papers by this authorJ. B. Ogg, J. B. Ogg Colorado State Univ., Southwestern Colorado Res. Ctr., Yellow Jacket, CO, 81335Search for more papers by this authorC. H. Pearson, C. H. Pearson Dep. of Soil and Crop SciencesSearch for more papers by this authorJ. F. Shanahan, J. F. Shanahan Colorado State Univ., Southwestern Colorado Res. Ctr., Yellow Jacket, CO, 81335Search for more papers by this authorM. Ballarin, M. Ballarin Plant Trademark and Copyright Office, 1320 Harbor Bay Parkway, Alameda, CA, 94501Search for more papers by this author First published: 01 September 1995 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1995.0011183X003500050058xCitations: 6AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume35, Issue5September–October 1995Pages 1511-1512 RelatedInformation

Conservation-tillage grain drills, used in research and commercial production, have been designed mainly for rainfed conditions. A no-till grain drill was fabricated at Colorado State University that can be used for both research and commercial plantings in furrow-irrigated cropping systems. The drill is 4.58 m long, 3.25 m wide, 1.83 m high, and weighs 2200 kg. It has adjustable drive wheels, lift assist wheels, and seed openers to accommodate various furrow row spacings, seed row spacings, and individual seed opener planting depths. The grain drill has the capability to plant alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Thell.), oat (Avena sativa L.), soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and possibly other seeds. The grain drill has performed well in residue conditions as high as 5 Mg ha(-1). Most drill adjustments require approximate to 1 h.

Several Sears of fall planting of spring types (non-vernalization requiring) of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L., durum group) in small-grain cultivar performance tests in western Colorado have resulted in high grain yields with no observed plant stand losses, Comparison studies betw een fall and spring plantings of durum wheat have not been conducted. Field studies were conducted during 1988 1989, and 1990 at the Colorado State University Fruita Research Center near Grand Junction to determine plant response of durum wheat cultivars to planting dates, and to study grain yield and yield component relationships of durum wheat cultivars when planted in the fall, early spring, and late spring. Fall- and early spring-planted durum wheat generally had higher grain yields, test weights, kernel mass, and were taller than late spring-planted wheat. Fall-planted durum had fewer kernels per spikelet than wheat in spring plantings and a lower seed N concentration than durum in the late spring planting. Kernels per spikelet and kernel mass had the most consistent and highest direct correlations with grain yield. Our findings indicate that the potential exists to increase the productivity and widen the adaptation of durum wheat by identifying favorable temperate locations and using appropriate planting dates. Winter durum (vernalization-requiring) cultivars developed for the USA would be useful in widening the adaptation and increasing the productivity of this class of wheat.

The use of fluid fertilizers has increased in recent years. Plant response to field management practices of fluid and solid N fertilizers in furrow-irrigated field studies has not been well-documented. This research studied the response of corn (Zea mays L.) to several field management practices of fluid and solid N fertilizers applied at several rates. Corn grown with sidedressed applications of the fluid fertilizers, urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) and 18-0-0+7Ca, generally had higher grain yields, higher yield efficiencies, higher ear populations, larger seed size, more kernels per ear, and a higher ear leaf N concentration than corn grown with preplant broadcast treatments of urea, ammonium nitrate (AN), and UAN. In 1988, corn grown with 280 kg N ha−1 of AN applied preplant broadcast had a lower grain yield, yield efficiency, kernels per ear, and ear leaf N concentration, while ear population and kernel size were unchanged, in comparison to split applications of UAN at 224 kg N ha−1. In 1989, corn grown with three split applications of UAN at 280 kg N ha−1 had a higher grain yield and produced more kernels per ear without affecting yield efficiency, ear population, kernel size, or ear leaf N concentration compared with treatments at the 224 kg N ha−1 rate. Use of split, side-dressed N management practices in furrow-irrigated corn should eliminate the need to use excessive N rates while maintaining grain yields and other plant responses, resulting in more efficient N use than traditionally achieved.

Seed size and planting depth affect plant performance of many crop species. Growers claim that large pinto bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seeds emerge faster and produce higher seed yields than small seeds. A study was conducted during 1986 and 1987 on Billings silty clay loam soil (fine-silty, mixed [calcareous], mesic Typic Torrifluvents) st the Colorado State University Fruits Research Center to investigate the effects of seed size class (small, medium, and large), representing 30, 40, and 30% of the original bulk sample by weight, respectively, and a check; and planting depth (1-, 2-, and 3-in.) and their interaction on seedling emergence and yield of pinto bean. No seed size x planting depth interactions occurred. Seed size effects varied. Seedling emergence of small seeds in 1987 was greater than large and medium seeds. The plant stand from small seeds in 1986 was lower than large and check seeds. Plants grown from large and medium seeds yielded more than small seeds in 1986. Planting seeds at a 3-in. depth slowed seedling emergence and reduced plant stand both years, and lowered yield in 1987. These data suggest that an uneconomical, high cleanout percentage during seed conditioning would be necessary to obtain large seeds and the improved performance of large seeds would not be predictably advantageous. Currently recommended commercial seed conditioning practices to size pinto bean seed lots are probably adequate.

Crop ScienceVolume 31, Issue 4 cropsci1991.0011183X003100040079x p. 1100-1101 Registration of Germplasms Registration of Three Germplasm Lines of Pinto Bean M. A. Brick, Corresponding Author M. A. Brick n/[email protected] Dep. of AgronomyCorresponding author.Search for more papers by this authorD. R. Wood, D. R. Wood Dep. of AgronomySearch for more papers by this authorM. Ballarin, M. Ballarin Dep. of AgronomySearch for more papers by this authorH. F. Schwartz, H. F. Schwartz Dep. of Plant Pathology and Weed Sci., Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO, 80523Search for more papers by this authorC. H. Pearson, C. H. Pearson Fruita Res. Center, Box 786, Grand Junction, CO, 81502Search for more papers by this authorJ. B. Ogg, J. B. Ogg Dep. of AgronomySearch for more papers by this authorJ. W. Echols, J. W. Echols Dep. of AgronomySearch for more papers by this author M. A. Brick, Corresponding Author M. A. Brick n/[email protected] Dep. of AgronomyCorresponding author.Search for more papers by this authorD. R. Wood, D. R. Wood Dep. of AgronomySearch for more papers by this authorM. Ballarin, M. Ballarin Dep. of AgronomySearch for more papers by this authorH. F. Schwartz, H. F. Schwartz Dep. of Plant Pathology and Weed Sci., Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins, CO, 80523Search for more papers by this authorC. H. Pearson, C. H. Pearson Fruita Res. Center, Box 786, Grand Junction, CO, 81502Search for more papers by this authorJ. B. Ogg, J. B. Ogg Dep. of AgronomySearch for more papers by this authorJ. W. Echols, J. W. Echols Dep. of AgronomySearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 July 1991 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1991.0011183X003100040079xCitations: 3AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume31, Issue4July-August 1991Pages 1100-1101 RelatedInformation

Lodging in barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) can result in grain loss, lower seed quality, increased disease, high grain moisture, reduced harvest efficiency, and lower milling grade. Application of N fertilizer to achieve high barley yields often results in increased lodging. Consequently, N applications are often reduced in order to lessen the potential for lodging. Use of plant growth regulators may permit higher N application rates without increased lodging. Field studies were conducted in an irrigated arid environment during 1986 and 1987 on Fruita sandy clay loam (fine-loamy, mixed, mesic Typic Haplargid) soil. Ethephon [(2-chloroethyl) phosphonic acid] was applied at 0.42 kg a.i. ha −1 to irrigated winter barley that received 56, 112, 168, and 224 kg ha −1 of spring-applied N. The 1986 data indicated that, in the absence of lodging, ethephon did not affect barley grain yields. Ethephon increased grain yields in 1987 in association with reduced lodging. Plant height response to ethephon was similar across N rates. Ethephon shortened internode lengths on the upper portion of the culm and reduced lodging of winter barley grown at high N rates. Ethephon did not affect spikes m −2 , kernel mass, kernels spike −1 , or seed N content in either year. Application of higher N rates than traditionally used in irrigated winter barley increased grain yield and seed N content. In years when lodging occurred, ethephon was effective as an antilodging agent.

Seventy-four percent of the people in the USA live in urban areas. Information is not available about weed control practices used by urban residents. The objective of this study was to survey an urban population to determine their weed control practices and how they feel about weed control in their neighborhood and community. Eight hundred questionnaires were mailed to urban residents in Grand Junction, CO, during the summer when people were likely to be concerned with weeds and weed control. Of the questionnaires mailed, 47% were completed and returned. This response rate provided a confidence interval of ±5.0%. The major methods of respondents' weed control programs were: hand-pulling (37%), applying chemicals (24%), mowing (20%), hoeing (12%), machine tilling (6%), and burning (1%). Sixty-seven percent reported their weed control practices as very or frequently effective. Eighty-four percent were not opposed to using herbicides at their residence. Eighty-seven percent who used herbicides responded that they read the product label before applying and handling herbicides, 76% followed the recommendations, but only 65% followed the safety precautions for using herbicides. Thirty-eight percent reported they did not wear protective clothing when applying herbicides. Many respondents did not understand the difference between herbicides and insecticides and could not adequately describe the type of herbicides used at their residence. Respondents' type of housing, marital status, and income significantly affected several dependent variables. Additional aspects of urban weed control practices and herbicide use are presented.

Proteodermatan sulphate from bovine skin retarded precipitation of fibrils from solutions of purified acid-soluble bovine skin collagen. The isolated protein core was as effective as the intact proteoglycan. Thermal denaturation leading to almost complete loss of the native secondary structure, (determined by circular dichroism spectroscopy to consist of about 60% beta structure) did not diminish the effect unless accompanied by reduction of disulphides, of which there were shown to be three per molecule. The reduced and alkylated protein core was totally ineffective. Electron-microscopy revealed a D-periodic arrangement of glycosaminoglycan on the surfaces of collagen fibrils precipitated in the presence of proteodermatan sulphate. Dermatan sulphate (with attached small peptide) prepared from the proteoglycan, had no effect on the rate of fibrillogenesis and was apparently not bound to the fibrils.

Proteoglycans were extracted with 4 M guanidinium chloride at 6 °C and purified by ion-exchange chromatography and precipitation with cetyl-pyridinium chloride. Chromatography on Sepharose CL-4B under dissociating conditions separated larger (PG1) and smaller (PG2) proteoglycans. Gingival PG2, by virtue of its amino-acid composition and the exclusive presence of l-iduronate-rich dermatan sulphate, was a proteodermatan sulphate (PDS) with a similar molecular weight to periodontalligament PDS. Reaction with four monoclonal antibodies to bovine skin PDS confirmed the relationship between these small proteoglycans and that of skin. Their glycoprotein cores, liberated by digestion with chondroitinase ABC, were similar in size (mol. wt = 55,000 by SDS-gel electrophoresis). Pulp PG2 had a small amount of PDS but the main component contained d-glucuronate-rich sulphated galactosaminoglycans. Similar galactosaminoglycans, which included chondroitin sulphate, characterized the larger proteoglycans of gingiva and pulp; significant amounts of l-iduronic acid-rich dermatan sulphate or heparan sulphate were not present.

Digestions of bovine skin proteodermatan sulphate with cathepsin C proved that the dermatan sulphate was located on Ser-4 in most of the molecules. A Ser-Gly sequence is essential for xylosylation of the serine residue and sulphated galactosaminoglycan synthesis in different proteoglycans. Variations in adjoining sequences may be significant in relation to the glycosylation process in different tissues.

To study the molecular structure and function of bovine skin proteodermatan sulfate, on a determinant by determinant basis, several monoclonal antibodies to this molecule have been produced and characterized. Based on the results of a preliminary immunogenetic analysis of 4 inbred mouse strains, SJL/J (H-2s) mice were immunized for the fusions. Ten hybridomas were produced and the monoclonal antibodies from four of these were selected for further investigation. Employing an ELISA inhibition assay, none showed any detectable affinity for bovine collagen types I, II, III, or IV, bovine fibronectin or chondroitin or dermatan sulfate glycosaminoglycans. Each monoclonal antibody bound the chondroitinase ABC-derived protein core and none was significantly inhibited by proteinase digests of the intact molecule suggesting that the epitope of each contains a protein component. The results of competitive binding ELISA assays and immunoblots of the cyanogen bromide cleavage products of proteodermatan sulfate indicate that the 4 antibodies recognize at least 3 distinct antigenic determinants on this molecule. Immunohistochemical methods located the antigen in the dermis of bovine skin and revealed that a change in proteodermatan sulfate distribution occurs during skin development.

Deglycosylation of bovine skin proteodermatan sulfate with chondroitinase ABC yielded a protein core with an apparent molecular weight of about 45,000. The amino acid sequence of this preparation was determined up to position 24. This region was enriched in acidic amino acids and proline compared with the whole protein core and it was predicted to be highly folded. The amino acid sequence determined in these experiments has a gap at position 4. Results obtained after beta-elimination-sulfite addition showed that residue 4 was an O-substituted hydroxyamino acid. The latter was identified as serine by sequencing the NH2-terminal region of the protein core (Mr approximately 43,000) isolated after a more complete deglycosylation of the proteoglycan with anhydrous HF. Serine 4 may be an attachment site for one of the few dermatan sulfate chains present in the proteoglycan.