为了对乌蒙特色烟叶质量与风格成因提供气候生态学方面的参考,结合2007-2011年毕节威宁烟区的气候资料,分析了乌蒙烤烟种植区的气候生态特征,并与其他贵州烟区和国内部分烟区进行了差异比较,采用欧氏距离分析了威宁与国内其他代表产区的相似性.结果表明:乌蒙烟区具有海拔较高、日照充足、大田期温度较低和降雨量较少等特点.无霜期和大田期均温年际波动较大,变化趋势不稳定;大田期降雨量和≥10℃活动积温分别呈现较明显的减少和增加的波动趋势;全生育期光热量指标和年日照时数相对稳定,日照时数表现出增加趋势.气候生态相似性以威宁与玉溪的最为接近,与凉山烟区的相似性次之,与许昌烟区的差异最大.

Comprehensive utilization of waste was related to not only the basic tobacco fields of the economic interests of farmers,but also the tobacco industry and environmental pollution solution.Based on the optimization tobacco structure policy of the National Tobacco Bureau,this paper introduced the previous study of comprehensive utilization of waste tobacco for tobacco waste generated of the fields by the rational use to provide a theoretical basis and methods of learning,in order to get a purpose of wealth and clean tobacco production of tobacco waste.

In order to optimize the formulation of spray liquid against Helicoverpa assulta by 5% emamectin benzoate EC in tobacco field,dilution rate,spray volume and adjuvants were developed by orthogonal experiment through liquid deposition rate and control effect by using 3WBJ-16DZ electrostatic sprayer.The field application showed that the liquid deposition rate was 63.76%,and after 7 days the control efficacy of pesticide liquid against Helicoverpa assulta was 95.84%,as spray volume and Silwet were 15 L and 30 mL in 667 m2,respectively at the concentration of 50 mg/L.The result was significantly better than that of the usual spray dosage at the concentration of 20.00 mg/L and spray volume 50 in 667 m2.This study diversified the spray measures in tobacco field,and might provide technical support for scientific usage of pesticides.

海藻糖从被发现至今,因其独特的性质而被广泛关注。着重从海藻糖的化学结构、特性,抗冻保护作用和应用现状等方面进行综述,对其未来研究前景进行展望,为海藻糖的进一步深入研究提供参考。