The objectives of this study were to describe the disposition and housing trajectories of individuals found Not Criminally Responsible on account of Mental Disorder (NCRMD), and the factors that predict different trajectories. To do so, disposition and housing status were coded for 934 NCRMD patients over a 36-month follow-up period. Sequential data analysis resulted in four distinct trajectories: detention in hospital, conditional discharge in supportive housing, conditional discharge in independent housing, and absolute discharge to unknown housing. The likelihood of a placement in supportive housing compared with detention significantly decreased for individuals with a higher index offense severity. Less restrictive trajectories were significantly predicted by clinical factors. The results revealed little change in the disposition and housing trajectories of NCRMD patients. Furthermore, decisions about disposition and housing placement reflect a knowledge-practice gap between risk factors known to be predictive of community resources use in the forensic population. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

L'article porte sur l'impact de l'information saillante et du niveau de gravite du crime sur la decision du jury. Ces deux variables ont ete examinees ensemble, ce qui n'avait pas ete fait auparavant. Les etudes anterieures ont montre que l'impact des stimuli emotifs (saillants) avait une influence significative sur un jugement judiciaire. En outre, plus un crime est percu comme etant grave, plus l'accuse est juge coupable. Six groupes de 20 participants chacun devaient evaluer la description d'un crime, allant de moins grave (vandalisme), a moyennement grave (incendie criminel) et a grave (meurtre). La moitie des descriptions contenait de l'information saillante et l'autre moitie n'en contenait pas. Les resultats montrent que la perception du niveau de gravite d'un crime est positivement correlee au verdict de culpabilite. Les details saillants et le niveau de gravite du crime influencent le verdict de culpabilite independamment l'un de l'autre. Une discussion des resultats revele leurs influences possibles sur le systeme judiciaire.

Humans show a wide array of sexual preferences and behaviors. Although most humans prefer and have sex with consenting adults of the opposite sex, some individuals have unconventional preferences with regard to the sex or age of sexual partners, or with regard to the nature of sexual activities. In this paper, we describe a rare case of preferential bestiality, or zoophilia. The client meets the most stringent criteria for the diagnosis of zoophilia. In particular, his phallometrically measured arousal pattern shows a sexual preference for horses over other species, including humans.

We investigated whether birth order and birth interval are associated with phallometric responding among 168 sex offenders. Based on the immunoreactivity hypothesis, we predicted that a larger number of older brothers and a shorter birth interval between the offenders and their next older brothers would be associated with more deviant responding. Results showed that a larger number of older brothers (but not older sisters, younger brothers, or younger sisters) was associated with more deviant responding on the Most Deviant Index, a general measure of sexual deviance. A larger number of older brothers was associated with arousal to nonsexual violence against women and children, but contrary to expectation, the same association was also found for the number of younger brothers. A short birth interval with the next older brother was associated with greater relative arousal to nonsexual violence, but the correlation with the Most Deviant Index did not reach statistical significance. Overall, results were consistent with the main predictions, but the effects of birth order and birth interval were mostly restricted to arousal to nonsexual violence. Birth order and birth interval were not associated with pedophilic interests or gender preferences.

Based on the hypothesis that unobtrusively measured viewing time reflects sexual interest, it was predicted that viewing times should correlate with ratings of sexual attractiveness and with phallometrically measured age and gender preferences. Four additional predictions were derived from the Symons (1979) evolutionary theory of human mate preferences: (1) male and female subjects should view slides of young adults of the opposite sex longest and adults of the same sex and prepubescent children of both sexes the shortest, (2) the correlation between viewing time and sexual attractiveness ratings should be higher among males than females (3) males should look at slides of pubescent females longer than females look at slides of pubescent males, and (4) males should look longer at adult females than females look at adult males. Two studies involving 24 heterosexual females and 58 heterosexual males provided statistically significant support for all predictions except the last one.

Dans un recent article, Lecompte et Drouin (1991) avancent, avec raison, que Symbol not transcribedB.F. Skinner est sans doute un des psychologues les plus controverses et les plus importants du XXSymbol not transcribed siecleSymbol not transcribed (p. 636). Ils poursuivent en enoncant quelques impacts de la theorie du conditionnement operant sur divers domaines de la psychologie, tout en mentionnant certains aspects controverses et certaines limites souvent associees a cette theorie et a ses applications. Par exemple, selon eux, Symbol not transcribedl'importance de la relation d'aide, des cognitions, du respect, de la conscience et de l'authenticiteSymbol not transcribed (p. 636) n'est pas suffisamment reconnue dans les applications des principes du conditionnement. Ils citent aussi Bouchard qui affirme que Symbol not transcribedSkinner a commis une erreur importante en rejetant si vigoureusement les composantes affectives et cognitives dans l'explication du comportement humainSymbol not transcribed, et Lussier qui va plus loin en disant que Skinner Symbol not transcribeda rabaisse l'homme au niveau du ratSymbol not transcribed (p. 637).Il semble que ces propos refletent bien l'opinion de la majorite des psychologues qui ne se considerent pas de l'ecole behaviorale. Nous aimerions, dans ce commentaire, presenter une perspective differente et discuter de facon generale de l'importance des travaux de B.F. Skinner. Aussi, nous aimerions offrir certaines raisons qui ont, selon nous, grandement contribue a la controverse entourant ces travaux.L'importance des travaux de B.F. SkinnerIl ne fait aucun doute qu'il existe un nombre important de psychologues et de chercheurs qui affirment que Skinner a eu un effet majeur sur la psychologie (voir par exemple Mahoney, 1991). L'impact des travaux de Skinner se manifeste particulierement par la portee de leurs applications pratiques, quoique pas necessairement celles desirees par Skinner, et par leur influence sur diverses theories du comportement humain et animal. Ironiquement, Skinner, tout au long de sa vie, etait peu interesse par la physiologie parce que celle - ci n'opere pas directement au niveau du comportement; or, l'avancement des connaissances dans le domaine de la neuropsychologie depend, aujourd'hui, directement des techniques de conditionnement operant.Il importe de souligner que ces criteres de popularite et de rayonnement ne sont pas necessaires, encore moins suffisants, pour demontrer une quelconque valeur scientifique. De meme, l'absence de popularite d'une notion n'implique pas forcement qu'elle ne soit pas valide. Symbol not transcribed cet egard, rappelons - nous que la decouverte des lois de l'hybridation par Mendel fut ignoree pendant plus de 35 ans (Whitney, 1990). Le fait que Symbol not transcribedtout psychologue est maintenant conscient des principes de conditionnement operantSymbol not transcribed n'est surement pas un critere approprie pour determiner la valeur des travaux de Skinner, d'autant plus que plusieurs confondent encore les concepts de punition et de renforcement negatif. La seconde topique de Freud, qui distinguait trois instances, le ca, le moi et le surmoi, est tres bien connue et a servi de base a plusieurs applications, notamment en psychotherapie; or, pouvons - nous, par ce critere de popularite et d'applicabilite, conclure de son importance scientifique? Nous pourrions pousser l'argument a l'extreme en mentionnant les populaires notions d'astrologies si cheres a une partie du grand public. L'histoire de la science regorge d'exemples de theories, de notions et de pratiques qui furent populaires pendant tres longtemps (la folie masturbatoire, les saignees comme intervention curative, etc.) et qui furent demontrees comme etant non valides par la suite.L'importance et la valeur d'une theorie se determine d'abord et avant tout par sa rigueur, par sa structure logique, par sa valeur heuristique, par sa parcimonie, par l'etendue des phenomenes auxquels elle s'applique, par la falsifiabilite des hypotheses et des predictions qu'elle genere, et, finalement, par la quantite et la robustesse des donnees corroborant cette theorie (Copi, 1986; Nagel, 1961). …

A semistructured questionnaire was administered to 50 male prostitutes and 50 nonprostitutes matched on age, sex, and socioeconomic status. The questionnaire focused on areas pertaining to family, sexual and criminal history, current life situation, sexual practices with clients, substance abuse, etc. In addition, the Beck Depression Inventory and the Tennessee Self-Concept Scale were administered to 35 subjects from each group. Results indicated that there were differences between the groups but that these differences did not entirely support the demographic profile offered by previous researchers. Specifically, our findings suggest that factors related to family background may be less important as potential determinants for entry into prostitution than influences related to financial gain, sexual orientation (homosexuality), and early sexual experiences.

The literature on male and female prostitution includes research from such diverse areas as law, medicine, psychology, sociology, and women's studies. However, one of the major efforts throughout this interdisciplinary area of study has been to describe the psychosocial characteristics of prostitutes. The assumption underlying these efforts is that such descriptions will lead to a better understanding of the general phenomenon of prostitution. The present review suggests that conclusions based on the currently available literature are limited by major methodological and conceptual problems such as: a) the failure to operationalize or to agree on the criteria for defining subtypes of prostitutes; b) faulty subject selection methods; c) the absence of appropriate comparison groups; and, d) an almost complete separation of research and theory according to the sex of the prostitutes studied. Nevertheless, there appears to be a number of variables that differentiate between prostitutes and nonprostitutes. Each of these factors is discussed and some suggestions for future research are outlined.

The present article has reviewed the experimental work concerning deviant sexual arousal to sexually aggressive and nonsexually aggressive cues in rapists and child molesters. To date, the results of this work are encouraging and indicate that we are able to identify these two offender groups on the basis of their erectile responses to sexual violence despite variability due to laboratories, stimulus material, and language. In addition, recent suggestions regarding the standardization of procedures and stimulus material have been considered. It has been argued that while standardization has a number of advantages, we must be careful not to discourage the development of new procedures nor to oversell current assessment procedures. Finally, some directions for future research have been outlined and suggestions based on empirical findings made for ways in which we might begin standardization.

There are presently three widely used methods of scoring penile circumference data. The present experiment attempted to determine the ability of each method to explain the variance within a data set. A total of 19 subjects were presented with 20 photographic slides assigned to five categories: neutral, female adult, female adolescent, male adult, and male adolescent. Erectile responses to each slide were recorded and the data analyzed in terms of the raw scores, percentage of full erection, and a z-score transformation. Results indicated that the z scores captured the highest proportion of the variance (52.7%), followed by the percentage scores (32.5%), and the raw scores (30.1%). Findings are discussed in terms of their research and clinical implications.

Much progress has been made in the assessment and treatment of sexually aggressive men. There remains, however, a great deal of work to be done. Future research should move on three fronts simultaneously: the extension and refinement of assessment methods which will serve to discriminate sex offenders from other persons and different sorts of sex offenders from each other, the further development of, and comparison among, treatment techniques designed to change sex offenders on relevant dimensions, and long-term followups of sex offenders who have been treated with different methods. Basic research concerning not only sex offenders but also the development of human sexuality is also required for the formulation of a theory which will guide future research.

Over the past 15 years there has been a growing awareness that crime involving sexual violence is an important social problem. In Canada, during 1981, there were 15,427 sexual assaults to the police (Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics). In the province of Ontario alone during 1981, the number of offences totalled 5,276; in Quebec, 3,002; and in British Columbia, 2,628. While current researchers and health care workers recognize that an increased social awareness of this problem has, in part, lead to an increase in the number of incidences, these same researchers also recognize that the reported incidence of sexual crimes still account for an extremely small proportion of the incidence. Since it is widely acknowledged (even by law enforcement agencies) that only 10 to 40% of all sexual crimes are to the police, it is safe to assume that the actual occurrence of sexual violence in Canada during 1981 was somewhere between 38,567 and 154,270. Naturally, the social significance of deviant sexual behavior has not escaped the concern and interest of workers in a variety of scientific fields. Indeed, there is a growing body of literature from feminist writers, psychologists, psychiatrists, sociologists, and criminologists which attempts to describe and understand behavior leading to or resulting in sexual acts which run contrary to societal norms and tolerance. It seems that regardless of the theoretical orientation of a particular investigator, the main focus in all areas is directed toward issues such as assessment, treatment and prevention of deviant sexual behavior. In fact, although it is not generally stated as such, the ideal or global objectives of research in this area is to eventually attain a level of predictive validity which will allow us to conduct an assessment with an individual and in the absence of other specific personal information (past history, self-reported sexual interest, etc.) be able to ascribe a probability (with reasonable certainty) that the individual either has, or will in the future, commit an act of sexual aggression; and furthermore, given a high probability, to design and administer some form of treatment which can be expected to be successful. To be sure, such an objective is ambitious. Nevertheless, the point here is that in order

It has been recently shown that in the early stages of erection, the human penis undergoes a substantial length change that is not detected using circumferential measurement devices. The present report introduces a relatively simple device that can assess changes in both length and circumference. The device promises to provide a low-cost alternative to the precision and sensitivity associated with plethysmography.

Avant-propos: La presente etude est issue de l’Entente sur l’egalite entre les femmes et les hommes au Bas-Saint-Laurent 2011-2015, dont les partenaires sont le Ministere de la Culture, des Communications et de la Condition feminine (MCCCF), le Ministere des Affaires municipales, des Regions et de l'Occupation du territoire (MAMROT), l’Agence de la sante et des services sociaux du Bas-Saint-Laurent (ASSS du BSL), la Conference regionale des eluEs du Bas-Saint-Laurent (CREBSL), la Commission Jeunesse (CJ) et la Table de concertation des groupes de femmes du Bas-Saint-Laurent (TCGFBSL). La presente etude s’inscrit dans les travaux de recherche de l’Etude sur le Developpement et le Comportement Sexuel des personnes qui offrent des services sexuels et des personnes qui n’offrent pas de services sexuels (EDECS), menee a l’Universite du Quebec a Chicoutimi, en collaboration avec l’Universite de Montreal. L’EDECS vise a evaluer le profil psychosocial, les besoins et les risques de victimisation de personnes travaillant dans les differentes categories de services sexuels de meme que les facteurs d’entree et de maintien dans l’offre de services sexuels.