Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a preferred method for food waste (FW) treatment due to its sustainability and potential for production of renewable bioenergy. However, the accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and ammonia often destabilizes the AD process, and managing the digestate byproduct poses additional challenges. This study investigates the use of co-pyrolysis biochar synthesized from digestate and rice straw (DRB) to enhance methane production and AD efficiency. DRB addition increased cumulative methane yield by 37.1%, improved VFA conversion efficiency, and achieved a 42.3% higher NH3-N-removal rate compared to the control group. The COD-removal rate was 68.7% throughout the process. Microbial analysis revealed that DRB selectively enriched Fastidiosipila and Methanosarcina, promoting direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) and methane yield. These findings highlight DRB’s potential to enhance AD efficiency and support closed-loop resource utilization.

Food waste (FW) single-substrate anaerobic digestion usually suffers from rapid acidification and inhibition of oil and salt. To overcome these problems and improve the process efficiency, supplementing other substrates has been used in FW anaerobic digestion. This study investigated the biogas production potential through co-digestion of FW with kitchen waste (KW) or garden waste (GW) in different ratios under thermophilic conditions. The results showed that the optimal ratios were FW:KW=60:40 and FW:GW=80:20 which biogas production improved 73.33% and 68.45% compared with single FW digestion, respectively. The organic matter removal rate of co-digestion was 84.46% for FW+KW group (RFK) and 65.64% for FW+GW group (RFG). Co-digestion increased the abundance of the dominant hydrolytic bacteria Defluviitoga and Hydrogenispora and hydrogenotrophic methanogen Methanoculleus. Furthermore, glycoside hydrolases (GHs), vital carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), were improved by co-digestion. Co-digestion could also effectively promote the function of cellulase and hemicellulose. This strategy for utilizing different organic wastes together as co-substrate provides a new avenue for bioenergy production.

Multicomponent collaborative anaerobic fermentation has been considered a promising technology for treating perishable organic solid wastes and producing clean energy. This study evaluated the potential of hydrogen production by thermophilic dry anaerobic co-fermentation of food waste (FW) with garden waste (GW) or kitchen waste (KW) as co-substrate. The results showed that when the ratio of FW to GW was 60:40, the maximum cumulative hydrogen production and organic matter removal rate reached 85.28 NmL g−1 VS and 63.29%, respectively. When the ratio of FW to KW was 80:20, the maximum cumulative hydrogen production and organic matter removal rate reached 81.31 NmL g−1 VS and 61.91%, respectively. These findings suggest that thermophilic dry anaerobic co-fermentation of FW using GW or KW as co-substrate has a greater potential than single-substrate fermentation to improve hydrogen production and the organic matter removal rate.

Multisubstrate synergetic anaerobic co-digestion can effectively overcome low efficiency of food waste (FW) mono-digestion. This study investigated the effect of supplementing FW with kitchen waste (KW) or garden waste (GW) on thermophilic dry anaerobic co-digestion. FW-KW and FW-GW co-digestion enhanced biogas production by 24.69 % and 44.96 % at organic loading rate (OLR) of 3 g VS L-1 d(-1), and increased OLR tolerance from 3 to 4 g VS L-1 d(-1) through mitigating ammonia nitrogen inhibition and volatile fatty acids accumulation. Co-digestion enriched the dominant hydrolytic bacteria Defluviitoga, resulting in an acceleration of substrate hydrolysis. FW-KW co-digestion improved biogas production by increasing gene abundance related to key enzymes in methanogenesis pathways and promoting the conversion of intermediate products into methane. FW-GW co-digestion enhanced biogas production by enriching ABC transporters-associated genes, leading to efficient substrate utilization. This study provides a promising approach for FW treatment with multivariate insights into thermophilic dry anaerobic co-digestion.

随着餐饮行业的发展,食物浪费成为一个不断被关注的问题,餐厨垃圾对公众健康和环境构成了巨大的威胁.厌氧发酵被认为是一种有前途的固体废物处理技术.研究在55℃条件下利用不同餐厨垃圾和果蔬垃圾的混合比例(100:0,80:20,60:40,50:50,40:60,20:80和0:100),基于挥发性固体(volatile solid,VS),评估了果蔬垃圾作为共底物的高温干厌氧发酵的产氢潜力.结果表明,当餐厨垃圾和果蔬垃圾的比例为80:20时,最大累积产氢量达到64.10 NmL/g VS.与单一餐厨垃圾和果蔬垃圾发酵相比,分别增加了169.10％和97.17％.有机物去除率达到53.03％,是单一餐厨垃圾发酵的2.04倍,是单一果蔬垃圾发酵的1.55倍.研究结果表明,在餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产氢过程中,与单一物料发酵相比,果蔬垃圾作为辅助基质能提高厌氧发酵的产氢量和有机物去除率.

本文以贝莱斯芽孢杆菌Bacillus velezensis CX-2为研究对象,采用平板对峙法测定其对辣椒疫霉病菌、香蕉枯萎病菌、番茄早疫病菌、西瓜枯萎病菌4种果蔬土传病害病原真菌的抑菌效果,利用菌丝生长速率法进一步研究了其无菌发酵液及挥发性气体的抑菌作用,以及该菌的耐盐特性和产吲哚乙酸(IAA)能力.结果表明:CX-2菌株对4种病原真菌均有拮抗作用,对番茄早疫病菌发挥的抑菌作用最大,抑菌率达66.39％;CX-2菌株的无菌滤液和挥发性气体同样具有抑制病原真菌生长的作用,其中无菌滤液对4种病原真菌的抑菌率均在70％以上,挥发性气体对香蕉枯萎病菌抑菌效果最好,抑菌率为82.04％;CX-2菌株可在含盐量高达10％的LB平板上生长,耐盐性强;CX-2菌株的IAA产量为7.85 mg/L,可促进植物生长.

对目前餐厨垃圾的主要处理工艺如干化焚烧、卫生填埋、生物饲料、好氧堆肥和厌氧发酵等的现状和存在问题进行了分析,发现厌氧发酵逐渐成为最有效的处理工艺,分析了餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵资源化技术的发展趋势,并总结了餐厨垃圾与其他有机垃圾联合厌氧发酵的常见种类,旨在探讨更有效的餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵工艺条件.