Objective: To analyze the bacteriostasis and healing effects of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy(NPWT combined with Topical Oxygen Therapy(TOT) for chronic wounds, and the relationship between them. Methods: Totally 96patients with chronic wounds were randomly divided into the intervention group and the control group, with 48 patients in each one. The intervention group was treated NPWT combined with TOT for 14 days after debridement, while the control group was treated with NPWT for 14 days after debridement, after that followed by standard Moist Wound Therapy 3 times a week, and followed up to healing or 5 months. Efficacy indicators: the change of bacterial positive rate and bacteriostatic rate of the two groups before and 14 days after the intervention, and the wound healing rate and healing time of the two groups during the follow-up period. Results: The bacterial positive rate of the intervention group on the 14th day of intervention was significantly lower than that of the control group(14.58% vs 54.17%, P<0.05), and the bacteriostatic rate of the intervention group on the coexistence of single and two bacteria were significantly higher than that of the control group(73.08% vs 11.11%,100.00% vs 66.67%, all P<0.05). The wound healing rate in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group(100.00% vs 89.13%, P<0.05), healing time shortened by 20.84 days(P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the bacteriostasis rate and wound healing in the intervention group(r=0.480, P<0.05),while there was no correlation between the bacteriostasis rate and wound healing in the control group(r=0.083, P>0.05).Conclusion: NPWT combined with TOT can enhance the bacteriostasis and optimize the healing effects. The bacteriostasis can promote the healing of chronic wounds, and can provide new ideas and methods for the nursing and management of chronic wounds.
目的 探讨伤口局部氧疗治疗(topical oxygen therapy,TOT)用于创伤性伤口的有效性和安全性,为合理使用该技术提供依据.方法 前瞻性研究2019 年12 月—2022 年12 月解放军东部战区总医院伤口门诊治疗创伤性伤口患者 85 例,男性 46 例,女性 39 例;年龄 18~94 岁,平均 52.1 岁."信封法"随机分为干预组(43 例)和对照组(42 例),干预组清创后实施局部氧治疗,每周更换伤口敷料 3 次,连续干预 28d,后采用标准湿性治疗每周 3 次,随访至愈合或 12 周.对照组清创后实施标准湿性疗法,更换频次和随访时间同干预组.比较有效性指标:两组患者干预前和后 28d的压疮愈合量表(pressure ulcer scale for healing,PUSH)计分、细菌阳性率变化、干预28d和随访12 周内的愈合率和愈合时间.比较安全性指标:两组患者干预 28d伤口周围潮湿性皮炎发生率及其他不良反应发生率.结果 干预前两组患者 PUSH 计分接近(10.4±2.4)分 vs.(10.6±2.7)分,P=0.847;干预后 28d干预组PUSH计分 3(0,5)低于对照组5(3,6)(P= 0.005).干预前干预组细菌阳性率与对照组相似(30.2%vs.35.7%,P=0.649),干预后 28d干预组细菌阳性率低于对照组(4.7%vs.19.1%,P=0.049).干预期间两组患者伤口周围潮湿性皮炎发生率相近(2.3%vs.7.1%,P=0.360),未见其他不良反应.干预后 28d干预组伤口愈合率 46.5%与对照组 26.2%比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.072),但愈合时间明显缩短(19.8±4.6)d vs.(24.5±3.2)d,P=0.006.结论 TOT连续使用 28d对于创伤性伤口是安全、有效的,有助于降低细菌阳性率和缩短愈合时间.
目的 探讨局部氧疗的适宜时机、置管方式、氧流量和疗程等方法学技巧.方法 纳入 2019 年 11 月至 2022年 10 月期间东部战区总医院收治的 73 例创伤性伤口患者,采用完全随机法分为试验组 36 例和对照组 37 例.试验组清创后伤口中放置微细输氧管、连接便携式局部微氧治疗仪,持续输入 50%的湿化纯氧 3mL/h+标准湿性疗法每周更换 3 次输氧管和敷料;对照组清创后采用标准湿性疗法每周更换 3 次敷料.两组患者均连续干预 28 d.干预前、后每周测量受试者伤口面积、深度,从面积、渗液量及组织类型 3 方面计分,计算 2 组干预期伤口面积缩小率和愈合率,判断愈合效果,计算随访 12 周的愈合率和愈合时间.结果 试验组干预 28d的伤口面积缩小率大于对照组[(88.06±11.74)%vs(79.17±18.79)%,P= 0.018],愈合率高于对照组(41.67%vs 20.0%,P=0.048),愈合计分明显低于对照组[(3.33±2.73)分 vs(5.05±3.40)分,P= 0.02].随访 12 周时,试验组和对照组愈合率接近(100%vs 94.29%,P=0.146).愈合时间较对照组明显缩短[(34.81±13.31)d vs(42.74±17.40)d,P=0.034].结论 便携式局部微氧治疗能够促进伤口愈合,提高治愈率和缩短愈合时间,特别适用于院外和居家伤口治疗,可为军事医学领域的伤口处置提供新思路新方法.
目的 伤后能否淋浴和如何淋浴成为国际争议的焦点.文中分析皮肤损伤患者伤后温水淋浴率及其特征,温水淋浴与伤口感染之间的关系以及伤口感染相关因素,为创伤后采取适宜的皮肤清洗方法提供依据.方法 回顾性分析2019年3月至2021年3月东部战区总医院收治的392例皮肤损伤患者.评估、收集纳入研究对象的人口学特征、慢性病史、创伤特征、是否淋浴等资料.以入组时伤口是否存在感染作为结局指标,符合伤口感染临床诊断标准者纳入病例组,不符合感染者纳入对照组.分析伤口总体感染率、总体淋浴率、温水淋浴和不淋浴者的伤口感染率、病例和对照组的温水淋浴率,淋浴特征以及病例和对照组的人口学特征和创伤特征资料,并采用多元回归分析伤口感染的相关因素.采用相关性分析探讨温水淋浴与伤口感染的关系.结果 392例患者经评价纳入病例组166例、对照组226例.总体感染率43.35%(95%CI:37.40%~47.30%).128例温水淋浴患者中的伤口感染率[30.47%(95%CI:22.40%%~38.40%)]低于264例不淋浴患者的伤口感染率[48.11%(95%CI:42.00%~54.20%)],差异有统计学意义(χ2=10.984,P=0.001).两组总体淋浴率[32.65%(95%CI:28.00%~37.30%)],其中病例组的温水淋浴率[24.49%(95%CI:17.00%~30.00%)]低于对照组的温水淋浴率[39.38%(95%CI:33.00%~45.80%)],差异有统计学意义(P=0.001).温水淋浴与伤口感染存在负相关关系(r=-0.167,P=0.001).Logistics回归分析显示,创伤深度(OR=4.24)、慢性病史(OR=23.02)、持续时间(OR=4.17)、伤口疼痛(40.35))和异味(OR=51.01~127.81)是伤口感染的独立相关因素(P<0.05).结论 皮肤损伤患者总体淋浴率较低.温水淋浴不增加伤口感染率,可作为皮肤损伤患者的适宜清洗方法.全皮层损伤、有慢性病史、伤口持续时间长、伤口有疼痛和异味会增加伤口感染风险,可以考虑采用温水淋浴方法保持皮肤和伤口清洁.