The article provides an overview of the research on the association between identifications (ID) of employees and their organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), and reports findings of a meta-analysis of empirically observed correlations (k = 149) between the two. Our analyses distinguished among six ID levels (personal, interpersonal, micro-group, group, sub-organizational, and organizational) and five OCB types identified as directed toward: individual performance, other individuals, relationships, organizational (group) performance, and maintaining rules and regulations. In addition, we systematically collected, analyzed, and reported data on geography of research, field of organization’s activity, respondents’ demographic characteristics, methods of measuring ID and OCB. In particular, we found that organizational identification is more often considered as a correlate of OCB than group and interpersonal identifications are, the cases of correlation between either sub-organizational or micro-group identifications with the OCB measures are exceedingly rare, whereas no empirical investigation of the association between personal identification and OCB could be found. The overall weighted average effect size indicates moderate positive relationships between employees’ identifications and their citizenship behaviors. Subsequent analyses of moderator variables discovered various degrees of strength of association between ID and OCB, depending on their specific combinations, so that the same level of identification could have uneven correlations with different types of OCB and vice versa. The associations between identifications and OCB strongly depend on how the latter is assessed: trough employees’ self-reports, supervisors’ evaluation, or colleagues’ assessment. Our review also addresses gaps and limitations in the existing empirical literature and discusses directions for future research.
Objective. To describe the relations between liking visual representations of male same-sex romance and gender representations of young female fans of BL. Background. Nowadays there is a globally spread interest in manga among teenagers. Manga has a vast diversity of styles, genres, and followers. Nevertheless, some heterosexual girls quite often demonstrate stable interest in the manga sub-genre focusing on homoerotic relationships between young – and frequently androgynous – male characters. This research has addressed an issue whether heterosexual girls’ liking for visual representations of male homosexuality in Boy’s Love (BL) comics relates to their gender representations. Study design. The survey among the members of the Internet Social Media Manga Publics included: description of socio-psychological effects of viewing BL pictures, scaling attitudes towards masculinity ideology, exploration of gender role beliefs and description of femininity concepts. Comparison of the data between BL fans and other members of Manga Publics being acquainted with Boys’ Love, but deliberately neglecting it. Mann–Whitney U test, Fisher F test, and Pearson’s chi-squared test are used. Participants. Russian sample: 140 female respondents 11-45 years old (M=17,95; SD=4,84). Main group consists of 90 respondents 11-45 years old (M=18,88; SD=5,22). Control group consists of 50 respondents 12-27 years old (M=16,79; SD=3,10). Measurements. Questionnaire of socio-demographic characteristics. Author’s scale of socio-psychological effects of visual representations. Masculinity Ideology in Relationships Scale by J.H. Pleck, F.L. Sonenstein, L.C. Ku. Gendered Personality Characteristics (I.S. Klyotsina). Masculinity and Femininity Questionnaire by T.A. Bessonova – psycho-semantic version by N.V. Dvoryanchikov for examining individual femininity constructs. Results. Girls that fond of homoerotic drawn fictions prefer non-normative gendered traits combinations and give specific interpretation of their femininity. BL followers significantly often describe their femininity with traditionally masculine traits. Gender polarization is weak. Gender identity of female BL fans comply with non-orthogonal conceptualization. They believe that core of gender identity in every human being should consist of gender-neutral characteristics. Male emotionality, represented in homoerotic drawings, arrests attention of all respondents. But BL fans are less likely to perceive men in the light of normative (hegemonic) masculinity. Conclusions. Straight girls’ enthusiasm for BL is grounded in the possibility of apprehending their gender non-normativity/non-conformity within a fictional realty, and in BL manga meta-genre capability to display adequately significant aspects of new non-normative gender practices and ensure their social affirmation.
The article examines 149 direct links between identifications and organizational citizenship behaviors extracted from 96 research presented in 81 publications since 1995 till April, 2019. It considers personal, interpersonal, micro-group, group, suborganization, and organization identifications of the staffs. Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is taken into consideration either as a general construct (following the original conceptualizations of the authors reviewed) or in accordance with the classification into the five OCB categories proposed in this article. Most of the linkages are statistically significant and positive. As an OCB predictor, organizational identification occurs in 112 correlations, group identification occurs in 20 correlations, interpersonal identification occurs in 11 correlations (including identification with colleagues in 5 correlations, and identification with leader in 6 correlations), sub-organizational and micro-group identification are separately met in 3 correlations. Relationship between personal identity and OCB is not found in any of the texts examined. In most of the research, OCB is measured as an integral construct, although more than 40 OCB dimensions are singled out in the relevant literature. The rest of the articles under review touches primarily upon the OCB dimensions oriented both toward organization (division, small group) performance and other individuals, and rarely concerns the dimensions oriented toward individual performance, communication, or rules and regulations maintaining. The isolated data sets deal with the interactive effects of the different kinds of identifications in OCB as well as the contribution of identification components (cognitive or affective) to the latter. The article lines up the main conclusions and deficiencies of the actual researches in the field.
The aim of this research is to find out connections of identifications with the work group (group identification), informal subgroups (micro-group identification), and other members in the work group (interpersonal identification), considering cognitive, affective, and behavioral components, with an employee's contribution to cooperative activities. The sample includes 302 fellows of 35 workgroups in Russian commercial companies and public organizations. Empirical data were collected with the Questionnaire of Interpersonal Identification, the Questionnaire of Micro-group and Group Identification, and the Collaborative Group Activity Scale from the Leadership, Contribution, and Interpersonal Style Questionnaire. All the tools were assembled into the computer-based assessment program "Group Profile" (GP) to conduct the survey individually on PC. It was found that all three dimensions of group identification and affective measures of interpersonal and micro-group identification predict individual contribution to collaborative activities in groups. Employee involvement in the informal subgroup within the work group mediates relations between identification dimensions at different levels and contribution to collaborative activities. The ties of additional characteristics (gender, age, tenure with the organization) with cooperative activities have been described. The multivariate model of identification makes it possible to extend the research scope and enhance the understanding of causes and effects of employee identification in the group.
In December 2010, exactly 10 years ago, the first issue of the journal "Social Psychology and Society" was published. We are opening the last issue of 2020 with congratulatory letters from our readers sent to the editorial office, and we thank you for the warm words of gratitude and support.
The main trend of HIV epidemic development in Southern Russia is identical to Russia’s nationwide but less intense. High incidence rates are registered in such regions that have a saturated prevalence of HIV infection at the population level. During 1998–2018 an annual increase in HIV incidence has permanent vacillation ranging between +5 and +15%. This vacillation turned to be influenced by insufficient routine HIV testing coverage, which has always been lower than Russia’s nationwide rate and hardly ever reached 20% until 2017. The HIV incidence steadily biases into the age of 30–44 and elders. Sexual transmission of HIV predominates in the South since 2004. There are sustained agencies by which new HIV infections occur in Southern Russia and upward trajectory of HIV epidemic.
Study objective: To evaluate the organization of HIV screening and its significance for controlling HIV/AIDS epidemic in Southern Russia. Materials: Statistical records according to the Form 4 and personal data by the Form 266u-88 related to the years 2000–2016 and the results of sentinel serologic epidemiological studies carried out by 13 territorial Centers for Prevention and Control of AIDS in Southern Russia. Methods: Raw data were treated using MS Office software and F4 and Kvik program utilities. Results: Trends to increases in the involvement of the population of Southern Russia in HIV testing and to increases in new HIV cases detection and the variabilities of these trends by regions were revealed. The prevalence of vulnerable subpopulations, including drug addicts, homo- and bisexuals, STD patients, and prisoners, was about 4%; however, they accounted for more than 25% of newly detected HIV cases. The low involvement of these subpopulations in HIV screening precludes finding out hidden HIV patient cohorts for adequate preventive and anti-epidemic interventions. Non-coherence of the results of reports by the Form 4 and of epidemiological studies with regard to seropositive blood samples suggests that the obligatory pretest counselling is inadequate for revealing the personal traits of subjects intended for HIV testing. This is another indication of the need for sentinel serologic epidemiological studies involving population groups most vulnerable to HIV. Such studies has been carried out only in three territories of Southern Russia. The data obtained in the studies show that HIV prevalence in vulnerable groups is significantly higher than HIV detection rates suggested by Form 4 reports. Measures for improving the organization of HIV screening in Southern Russia are proposed.
The paper discusses the empirical results of the study of the influence of gender role identity on representations of violence in young female students at the age from 17 to 19. Attitudes towards violence, as well as the use of violence in interpersonal relations appear long before their realization in interpersonal interaction. The authors proceeded on the assumption that traditional ideas about gender dichotomy of features of violent behaviour were inadequate for the gender system of modern society. The study sample consisted of 100 respondents. The authors used the following research methods: writing an essay, semantic differential, and the Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI).The obtained empirical data indicated that the girls with undifferentiated (neutral) gender role identity had a wider range of representations of violence, if to compare with the respondents who were guided by dichotomous models of gender behaviour (with "masculine" and "feminine" patterns). The girls with undifferentiated (not polarized) gender role identity are able to recognize a large variety of forms of violence; they can flexibly use and combine various forms of violence for achieving their own goals in corresponding circumstances. In this sample the girls with typically feminine gender role identity were less able to notice unobvious forms of violence (especially in interpersonal relations); violence usually had polar forms in their representations: either physical, or psychological. Moreover, the girls with typically feminine gender role identity perceived violence in such behavioural patterns which could not be assessed as violent in the given context. The findings of the study could be useful for improving the practices of prevention, correction and rehabilitation of female violent convicts, as well as for reducing manifestations of extreme forms of female violence in society.
Despite the extensive development of gender studies in Russian social psychology over the last 20 years and the recent appearance of Russian queer studies, both remain controversial in theoretical and empirical backgrounds. The paradigmatic gap between such concepts as 'sex' and 'gender' 'gender' and 'queer' 'queer' and 'LGBT' has not yet been fully recognized in contemporary social sciences. The article describes the following theoretical and societal reasons of current stagnation in Russian gender and queer studies: first, poor knowledge of the epistemological grounds and history of the concepts employed in the Western discourse; second, the apologetic and non-critical modus of social sciences and underdevelopment of public sociology in Russia; third, conservative tendencies in Russian politics as well as social and cultural isolationism. It is argued that it's essential for gender and queer studies in Russian social psychology to define their attitude towards feminist standpoints and political activism. The article also addresses the issue of the role of methodology in the emergence of public social psychology in Russia that would be capable of promoting progressive development of social and societal actors.
In the article there are considered gender and social-psychological determinants providing steady support and development of terrorist activity in the Russian Federation territory; involving of new social groups into extremist practices.