Historique des recherches, description de la grotte. Sondages permettant de situer l'habitat au Magdalenien III-IV. Etude des traits de gravure et expose des methodes de releve. Description des figures: animaux, tetes humaines, images genitales feminines, silhouettes feminines, signes. Aspects technologiques. Organisation du sanctuaire. Stylistique et elements de datation. En annexe, etude des pollens, de la faune, de la microfaune et de l'avifaune.

We present results of an analysis of two-prong events for elastic scattering and single-pion production in ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}p$ interactions at 5.5 $\frac{\mathrm{GeV}}{c}$. The resonance parameters for the charged and neutral ${K}^{*}(890)$ and ${K}^{*}(1420)$ are determined and the observed production and decay properties of the charged and neutral ${K}^{*}(890)$ are compared with the theoretical predictions of an absorptive one-particle-exchange model and a Regge model. The ${K}^{*}(1420)$ differential cross section and density-matrix elements are presented and the question of whether more than one resonance exists in this mass range is considered. A search for resonance effects at $K\ensuremath{\pi}$ mass beyond 1500 MeV is made. In particular, the recently reported state at 1800 MeV is discussed. A ${B}_{5}$-model analysis of the reaction ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\overline{K}}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}p$ is also presented.

The final states ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}n$ and ${\overline{K}}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}p$ were measured in a ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}p$ experiment at $5.5 \frac{\mathrm{GeV}}{c}$. The data on the angular distribution of the outgoing $K$ meson in the $K\ensuremath{\pi}$ rest system at low momentum transfer were analyzed by a simple model including $I=\frac{3}{2}$ $s$-wave and $I=\frac{1}{2}$ $s$-, $p$-, and $d$-wave amplitudes. The results show that the phase shift for the $I=\frac{3}{2}$ $s$ wave is negative. The two solutions obtained for the $I=\frac{1}{2}$ $s$-wave off-mass-shell phase shift are consistent with an $s$-wave resonance at either \ensuremath{\sim}0.85 or \ensuremath{\sim}1.2 GeV.

We present new results on ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}n$ at 5.5 GeV/c. We fit all the available $\frac{d\ensuremath{\sigma}}{\mathrm{dt}}$ and decay density-matrix elements for the ${K}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}N\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{*0}N$ charge-exchange reactions. The difference between the ${K}^{+}$ and ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ reactions is explained successfully in terms of interference between a $\ensuremath{\rho}$ Regge pole and strong absorptive corrections to the $\ensuremath{\pi}$ Regge pole. This difference is related by vector dominance (VDM) to the ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ and ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ photoproduction cross sections and polarized-photon asymmetry data. The VDM predictions are only qualitatively successful.

Results are presented on the properties of ${\ensuremath{\pi}}_{N}(980)$, produced peripherally in the reaction ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}+p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}Y_{1}^{*+}(1385)+\ensuremath{\pi}_{N}^{\ensuremath{-}}(980)$ with a cross section of 9\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3 \ensuremath{\mu}b at 5.5 $\frac{\mathrm{GeV}}{c}$. A search was made for ${\ensuremath{\pi}}_{N}(980)$ production via the decay of a higher-mass resonance. The cross section for the reaction ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}+p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\Lambda}+{D}^{0}(1285)$ at 5.5 $\frac{\mathrm{GeV}}{c}$, with the subsequent decay ${D}^{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\pi}}_{N}(980)+\ensuremath{\pi}$, was 6 \ensuremath{\mu}b at the 70% confidence level. The mass and width of the ${\ensuremath{\pi}}_{N}(980)$ are 980\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}10 and 80\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}30 MeV, respectively. The dominant decay mode is $\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\eta}$, with the decay angular distribution having about a 10% probability of being isotropic. At the 70% confidence level, the branching ratio into $\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\rho}$ relative to $\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\eta}$ is 0.25, and the amount of any ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{K}^{0}$ enhancement near 1 GeV, normalized to the ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\eta}$ signal from $\ensuremath{\pi}_{N}^{\ensuremath{-}}(980)$ decay, is 0.2.

The results described in this paper were obtained from an analysis of bubble-chamber pictures of ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}p$ interactions at incident momenta of 4.1 and 5.5 $\frac{\mathrm{GeV}}{c}$. This paper reports the results on quasi-two-body final states, which are observed to be predominantly peripheral. In the final states $\ensuremath{\Lambda}\ensuremath{\rho}$, $\ensuremath{\Lambda}\ensuremath{\omega}$, $\ensuremath{\Lambda}\ensuremath{\varphi}$, and ${{Y}_{1}}^{*+}(1385){\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, the exchange mechanisms were investigated in terms of the density-matrix formalism. In general, vector-meson exchange appeared to be dominant, and in particular the decay distributions of the ${{Y}_{1}}^{*+}(1385){\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ final state were in good agreement with the predictions of the Stodolsky-Sakurai model. Several reactions show small backward peaks expected from baryon exchange. The prediction of the independent quark model and other symmetry schemes that the forward cross sections for $\ensuremath{\Lambda}{\ensuremath{\rho}}^{0}$ and $\ensuremath{\Lambda}\ensuremath{\omega}$ production should be equal is well satisfied by the present data. We also report measurements of the properties of various resonant states. We find a mass and width for the ${{Y}_{1}}^{*}(1695)$ of $M=1700\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}20$ MeV, $\ensuremath{\Gamma}=130\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}25$ MeV. The dominant decay mode is $\ensuremath{\Lambda}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$, but limits are placed on other possible channels.

The results presented in this paper were obtained from an analysis of ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}p$ interactions in the 30-in. hydrogen bubble chamber at the Argonne ZGS using incident ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ beams of momenta 4.1 and 5.5 GeV/c. The $\overline{K}\ensuremath{\pi}N$ final states were studied extensively; the most prominent feature of these is production of the ${K}^{*}(890)$ and ${K}^{*}(1400)$ resonances. The ${\overline{K}}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}n$ final state was used to measure the branching ratio of the decay of the ${K}^{*}(1400)$ into ${K}^{*}(890)\ensuremath{\pi}$ and $K\ensuremath{\rho}$. Evidence for quasi-two-body production of ${K}^{*}{(890)}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ and ${K}^{*}{(1400)}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ is presented both from the two-prong events in which the positive track was identified as a proton, and from events where the ${\overline{K}}^{0}$ decay was observed. For final states with a missing neutron, a study of the missing-mass distributions proved that the kinematical fits to ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}n$ and ${\overline{K}}^{0}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}n$ final states could be used with confidence to study ${K}^{*}{(890)}^{0}$ and ${K}^{*}{(1400)}^{0}$ production. The ${K}^{*}{(890)}^{0,\ensuremath{-}}$ production angular distribution and decay correlations are analyzed in the framework of the absorptive peripheral model. Vector exchange dominates the ${K}^{*}{(890)}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ production, whereas ${K}^{*}{(890)}^{0}$ is formed mainly via pseudoscalar exchange. An absorptive-peripheral-model calculation using the vector-meson coupling strengths to the nucleon given by relativistic $\mathrm{SU}(6)$ gives a good fit to the ${K}^{*}{(890)}^{0,\ensuremath{-}}$ density-matrix elements as a function of production angle, and gives a reasonable fit to the differential cross section. For the ${K}^{*}(1400)$ resonance, a mass and width of 1416\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}8 and 107\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}20 MeV are obtained. Decay branching ratios measured for this resonance of $K\ensuremath{\pi}:{K}^{*}\ensuremath{\pi}:K\ensuremath{\rho}$ of 1: (0.52\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.12): (0.26\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.16) are in agreement with those predicted from $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ assuming the ${K}^{*}(1400)$ is a member of a ${2}^{+}$ nonet. The absorptive peripheral model gives no reasonable fits to the ${K}^{*}(1400)$ production angular distributions. The ${K}^{*}{(1400)}^{0,\ensuremath{-}}$ production and decay angular distributions suggest that the spin parity of the ${K}^{*}(1400)$ is ${2}^{+}$, but without many more events, or a better model for the production mechanism, we cannot make a decisive determination.

An enhancement has been observed in the ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\eta}$ system at mass 980 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 10 MeV with width 80 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 30 MeV. This boson state, denoted by ${\ensuremath{\pi}}_{N}(980)$, yields a decay angular distribution having about 10% probability for isotropy. It is produced peripherally in the reaction ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}+p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{{Y}_{1}}^{*+}(1385)+{{\ensuremath{\pi}}_{N}}^{\ensuremath{-}}(980)$ at 5.5 GeV/c.

Differential cross sections for reactions of the type ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}+p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{u}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{l}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{h}\mathrm{y}\mathrm{p}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{n}+\mathrm{n}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{u}\mathrm{t}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{l}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{m}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{s}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{n}$ have been measured. The cross sections for peripheral production of vector mesons satisfy certain relations yielded by the independent quark model and other symmetry schemes. The cross section for meson production in the backward hemisphere provides some information on the presence of various baryon-exchange processes.

Evidence is presented for a new ${{Y}_{1}}^{*}$ of mass 1680 MeV and width 120 MeV. It is produced in ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}p$ interactions at 5.5 GeV/c and decays mainly into $\ensuremath{\Lambda}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$ and ${{Y}_{1}}^{*}(1385)\ensuremath{\pi}$. The decay rate into ${\overline{K}}^{0}p$ is 0.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.2 of the rate into $\ensuremath{\Lambda}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$.

The ${f}^{*}$ meson was observed, with a partial cross section of 14\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4 \ensuremath{\mu}b, in the reaction ${K}^{\ensuremath{-}}+p\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\Lambda}+{f}^{*}$, at 5.5 GeV/c. Its mass was measured as 1515\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}7 MeV, with a width of 35\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}25 MeV, considerably narrower than previously measured. The decay into $K\overline{K}$ was the dominant mode, with no significant evidence for decay into $\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\eta}$, $\ensuremath{\pi}\ensuremath{\pi}$, ${K}^{*}\overline{K}$, or ${\overline{K}}^{*}K$. The production and decay angular distributions are presented and analyzed in terms of the spin-density matrix formalism.

The absolute differential cross sections for K−-p elastic scattering at 5.5 GeV/c and 4.1 GeV/c have been measured. Results are presented based on about 2 000 events at each momentum.