文化自信是国家和民族发展振兴繁荣之本.近年来,学术界对于文化自信颇为关注,研究成果十分丰富,该文将对已有的关于大学生文化自信的研究成果进行梳理,从大学生文化自信内涵概念、现状以及影响因素、培育途径以及提升对策这3个命题的研究出发,对这3个部分各自的研究成果内容进行解析,找出目前研究存在的局限,并提出后续的研究方向和角度以供参考.

Using the data of Chinese manufacturing employment from 2005 to 2015,this paper calculates the human resource agglomeration de-gree of China's manufacturing industry based on Hoover index,spatial Gini coefficient and EG index.The result shows as follows:the trend of human resource agglomeration in China's manufacturing industry takes on the U-shaped,which could be explained from three aspects,namely new economic geography,economic geography and institutional factors.The result of path analysis indicates that the most sensitive and positive factors affecting human resource agglomeration in turn are economic openness,coast area and enterprise quantity,and the negative factor is gov-ernment role,which means the system construction of soft environment based government policy has a profound impact on promoting the ag-glomeration of human resources in Chinese manufacturing industry.

通过社会调研发现,在气候变化带来的环境问题面前,居民的认知与行为之间存在差异,真实的环保行为较少,建议从社会心理的角度加强引导居民的环保行为,并提高政府、媒体与居民之间的信息沟通.

Corporate social responsibility has gained much attention from government and researchers along with the development of society and economy. Based on the current definitions domestic and abroad, this essay distinguishes CSR into compulsory social responsibility and volunteer social responsibility on the basis of our country’s present situation, and then focuses on incentive measures using repeated game theory and principal-agent theory. It is found whether the corpo-rate is willing to take its volunteer social responsibility and to which degree to take are dependent on discount rate, and the resource’s social security price. These findings can be beneficial for corporate managers to make strategic decisions, and also for governments to make regulations to encourage corporate to take more social responsibility.

Taking the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River as a study area,a simulation model related to meteorological yield of early rice was developed. The dominant climatic factors in three key phenological phases were analyzed based on field experimental data and daily meteorological data from 30 agro-meteorological stations during1981-2010,then an empirical model used to simulate relative meteorological yields of early rice was established by using of the principal component regression method. The model was verified by comparing actual yields and simulated yields of early rice,which calculated with five-point moving average method. The results showed that the most important climatic factor for the relative meteorological yields of double-cropping early rice was the total precipitation,which showed highly significant negative correlation with the relative meteorological yields of early rice in all three phases(P 0. 01). The second important factor was sunshine hours from heading stage to the end of grain-filling,which showed a significant positive correlation with early rice yields. Furthermore,the three temperature indicators,total thermal effect,average daily maximum temperature and average daily temperature range during the panicle initiation to heading stage,also showed significant positive correlation with early rice yields. The model simulation results showed that the simulated early rice yields were generally consistent with the actual yields,their correlation coefficient reached0. 93 in the typical year( 1996),and the average relative error was 7%. It indicated that the model had strong applicability on simulating and predicting the relative meteorological yield of early rice in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River.

Through individual interviews and questionnaire survey,it is found that there still exist some problems such as research platform construction,performance appraisal and team building after recruitment. Then,some practical sugges-tions are put forward such as changing management concepts,improving talent planning,extending flexible ways to recruit-ment,constructing evaluation system,establishing communication platform,supplying good services and improving manage-ment capabilities.

Richards equation has been widely used to simulate rice grain filling rates, but the lack of capability to relate environ-mental factors in its simulation impedes the application of Richards’ equation in evaluating the impact of adverse climate on grain filling process. Therefore, a mathematical modeling method, together with two-year filed-seeding experiment (2012-2013) data, was used in this paper to examine the feasibility of an extended Richards’ equation on this issue. The two-year experiment was carried out in Nanjing with two indica two-line hybrid rice cultivars, Lingliangyou 268 and Liangyoupeijiu. On the basis of the observations, Richards equation was first used to estimate rice grain filling parameters and calculate mean grain filling rate in each effective grain filling period. Subsequently, a radiation and temperature correction function was introduced into the Richards’ equation to form an extended equation by linking the mean grain filling rates to daily radiation and mean temperature observations. A set of radiation and temperature characteristic parameters were included in the correction function, which theoretically reflect the response of mean grain filling rates to the change of temperature and radiation conditions and form response curves for the two tested varieties. To estimate these parameters, we applied the Shuffled Complex Evolution (SCE-UA) global optimization algo-rithm in this paper, since the extended equation was highly nonlinear. Statistical methods were also applied to analyze the relations between retrieved rice grain filling parameters and climatic factors. The results showed that insufficient sun radiation had an indi-rect and negative effect on mean grain filling rate by imposing an adverse influence on CO2 assimilation. Daily mean temperature mainly showed an evident effect on mean grain filling rate which could be accelerated under high temperatures or slow down at adverse low temperatures, but it also had a great influence on CO2 assimilation as well as the accumulation of assimilation prod-ucts in grains. The estimated critical radiation and critical temperatures for Lingliangyou 268 were 18.94 MJ m-2 d-1, 6.81℃, 33.29℃, 30.28℃, respectively, and 21.71 MJ m-2 d-1, 6.10℃, 33.74℃, and 24.16℃for Liangyoupeijiu, which demonstrate an evident difference between the two varieties. Quantitative analyses based on the temperature and radiation response curves showed that the correction coefficients for rice seeding dates in May in 2012 for both rice varieties were generally higher than that of other seeding dates, which implies that the time of seeding is critical to grain filling and yield formation. In addition, Linglian-gyou 268 exhibited stronger temperature sensitivity in grain filling period, which means that the mean grain filling rate is more sensitive to the temperature change than to the radiation variation. In comparison, Liangyoupeijiu represented greater radiation sensitivity in grain filling, which indicates that this cultivar can be greatly influenced by insufficient radiation during the grain filling stage. On the whole, the mathematical model presented successfully retrieved the critical parameters representing the ef-fects of daily mean temperature and radiation on mean grain filling rates from field observations. Although more validations are expected to examine the reliability and effectiveness of the proposed method, it can be an important reference for developing agro-meteorological indexes for monitoring and evaluating the effects of meteorological factors on rice grain filling as well as on yield formation.

Rice is a heat and water-loving crop,which always suffers from cold and chilling damages during its growth.In this study,daily meteorological data collected from 76 meteorological stations in the double cropping rice areas of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River from 1961 to 2007 were used and the spatial and temporal characteristics of spring cold damage in the area were analyzed.According to the spring cold damage standard,the intensity of cold damages was classified into three levels(mild,moderate and high).The method of climate statistical analysis was applied to analyze the spatial pattern and inter-annual variation of the spring cold damages in three levels during the early period of rice growth.Wavelet analysis was applied afterwards to analyze the temporal pattern of spring cold damage.The results showed that: ①The study area was mainly suffered from mild cold damages at one year 0.74 times per station,and the suffered area accounted for 54.0% of the whole area;②The cold damages in the northeast part of the studied area was more serious than those in the southwest part by 1.1 times per year;③The spring cold damage fluctuated inter-annually and inter-decadally,with the highest occurrence in the 1960s and the lowest at the beginning of the 21st century.The frequency of cold damage reduced significantly(P0.05),and the moderate cold damage dominated at the early period rice growth.The spring rice cold damage displayed a cyclical oscillation characteristics but only the small scale cycle of 3-5 years passed the red noise significant test with the significance level α = 0.05.The above results indicated that the spring rice cold damage in the double cropping rice areas of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River presented distinct temporal and spatial variations.

In this paper,we pointed out that the crisis management should be integrated into enterprise strategy management based on the analysis of the intrinsic relationship between th both,and established the model of enterprise crisis strategy management.We analyzed and summarized the key points of the process of corporate strategy management from the qualitative point.We added the social responsibility dimension to the existing balanced scorecard,and established the pertinent index,and chose the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to make comprehensive evaluation,and carried out a quantitative analysis to some enterprise as an example.

To establish the applied talents cultivation system is the most important way to enhance the developmental level of higher education.As the Business Administration Major has highly practicality,it should be trained from the following five aspects: general education,theoretical teaching,practice teaching,teacher training and the students' career planning which formed the employment-orientated applied talents cultivation system to ensure the undergraduates' adaptation to the demands of the market.

The traditional crisis management has certain defects when it responses to the enterprise crisis in the dynamic business environment.This paper gives a new awareness of the nature of enterprise crisis,carries on the classification of enterprise crises,and analyzes the characteristics and the countermeasures of different types of enterprise crises.We believe that capacity crisisis the problem for enterprises in the dynamic business environment,and having the dynamic core competence is the effective way to deal with this crisis.Finally,we establish and propose a model and corresponding counter measures.

In this paper,we carry on a theoretical review,and analyze the feasibility of the utilization of creativity in the decision-making process of the enterprise crisis management team.Secondly,we analyze the general model and methods to help enterprises to gain access to the creativity.Finally,we choose the methods of access to creativity according to different steps of the decision-making process of the enterprise crisis management.The characteristics of enterprise crisis have determined the limitation of the utilization of the traditional decision-making methods in dealing with crisis,however,the utilization of creativity in the enterprise crisis management can obtain the solutions of originality and appropriateness.

针对高等教育大众化的发展趋势,高校应该顺应社会的需要培养具有全面素质的人才.为了实现这样的目标,应该采取改变教育观念、改革现有的教育体系、建设教学实践基地、建立完全学分制和加强学生综合素质的培养等措施,切实提高学生的素质.

美国的高等教育极大地推动了美国经济和社会的发展,美国大学对学生能力的培养是值得中国高校学习和借鉴的.本文介绍了美国高等学校在培养和开发大学生能力方面的一些具体的特点和做法,结合中国的实际情况,对中国高校学生能力培养提出了自己的意见和看法.