Upconverting luminescence in lanthanide-based metal-organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs) plays a pivotal role in emerging photonic applications, including information encryption, ion sensing, and bioimaging. Nevertheless, optimizing intrinsic energy transfer pathways to enhance the intensity and efficiency of upconverting luminescence in conventional systems remains a significant challenge. In this study, we report the successful observation of upconverting luminescence (under 980 nm excitation) from Tb3 + and Ho3 + ions in Yb/Tb and Yb/Ho co-doped MOFs, respectively, constructed from oxalic acid and formic acid. Most notably, the tri-doped Yb/Tb/Ho MOFs reveal a previously undocumented Tb3+→Ho3+ energy transfer mechanism that significantly enhances Ho3+ upconversion emission. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first observation of such energy transfer in MOFs under upconversion conditions. Tb3+ serves as an efficient energy-mediating node, establishing a cascading energy transfer pathway from Yb3+→Tb3+→Ho3+ via its long-lived 5D4 excited state. This pathway effectively suppresses detrimental back energy transfer from Ho3+ to Yb3+, thereby promoting population of Ho3+ 5F5 level and consequently enhancing its upconverting emission at 657 nm. This finding broadens the scope of energy transfer mechanisms in Ln-MOFs. More importantly, it lays a foundation for rational design of upconverting luminescence in lanthanide-based materials, opening new possibilities for advanced photonic applications.

The samarium diiodide-mediated radical borylation of alkyl bromides has been accomplished. Direct coupling of alkyl bromides and bis(pinacolato)diboranes with samarium diiodide reagents under ligand-free and base-free conditions affords a variety of alkyl boronic esters in good to excellent yields. Broad substrate scope and excellent functional group tolerance have been demonstrated for this radical borylation approach. Mechanistic studies and density functional theory computations have been conducted to gain insight into the reaction pathway for this novel functionalization approach. This general approach is expected to stimulate further progress in the chemistry of lanthanide(II) reagents.

ABSTRACT Upconverting luminescence in lanthanide‐based metal–organic frameworks (Ln‐MOFs) plays a pivotal role in emerging photonic applications, including information encryption, ion sensing, and bioimaging. Nevertheless, optimizing intrinsic energy transfer pathways to enhance the intensity and efficiency of upconverting luminescence in conventional systems remains a significant challenge. In this study, we report the successful observation of upconverting luminescence (under 980 nm excitation) from Tb 3 + and Ho 3 + ions in Yb/Tb and Yb/Ho co‐doped MOFs, respectively, constructed from oxalic acid and formic acid. Most notably, the tri‐doped Yb/Tb/Ho MOFs reveal a previously undocumented Tb 3+ →Ho 3+ energy transfer mechanism that significantly enhances Ho 3+ upconversion emission. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first observation of such energy transfer in MOFs under upconversion conditions. Tb 3+ serves as an efficient energy‐mediating node, establishing a cascading energy transfer pathway from Yb 3+ →Tb 3+ →Ho 3+ via its long‐lived 5 D 4 excited state. This pathway effectively suppresses detrimental back energy transfer from Ho 3+ to Yb 3+ , thereby promoting population of Ho 3+ 5 F 5 level and consequently enhancing its upconverting emission at 657 nm. This finding broadens the scope of energy transfer mechanisms in Ln‐MOFs. More importantly, it lays a foundation for rational design of upconverting luminescence in lanthanide‐based materials, opening new possibilities for advanced photonic applications.

Lanthanide double perovskites (Ln-DPs) offer tunable emission and low toxicity, yet their weak crystal fields often fail to support efficient upconversion luminescence of lanthanide ions, limiting multimodal applications. While conventional dual-mode luminescence relies on complex core-shell architectures to mitigate cross-relaxation, we demonstrate here, in contrast, highly efficient dual-mode (upconversion and downshifting) emission from a simple bilayer heterostructure. An optimized thermal injection approach was employed to synthesize the heterostructure nanocomposites of Ln-DPs. And the incorporation of NaLnF4 not only enhanced the intrinsic luminescence and structural stability of the Ln-DPs via surface passivation, but also leveraged ion migration to provide an optimal crystal field for Er3+ ions, enabling tunable upconversion luminescence through its self-absorption. Subsequently, by regulating lanthanide ion concentration and spatial distribution, the red emission intensity of Er3+ ions was further improved by a factor of 13.23. This design offers a simple yet powerful strategy for achieving high-performance Ln-DPs light-emitting devices, highlighting their potential application in advanced optical coding and information encryption.

Precise management of energy transfer pathways in lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles is crucial for advanced optical applications, yet it requires delicate spatial segregation of multiple lanthanide activators and sensitizers within a well-designed nanostructure. To address this challenge, a designed core-shell-shell-shell nanostructure with the composition NaErF4:Tm@NaYF4@NaGdF4:Yb,Tm@NaGdF4:Tb was successfully fabricated via a controlled layer-by-layer epitaxial growth strategy. By precisely controlling the thickness of the intermediate NaYF4 spacer layer, the interfacial energy transfer between the Er3+-doped core and the Yb3+/Tm3+-doped shell was effectively regulated, enabling a balanced combination of red, green, and blue emission components and achieving efficient white light emission under 980 nm excitation. Furthermore, the emission color can be dynamically tuned from red to white by varying the excitation power density. Based on this multicolor emission characteristic, a new anti-counterfeiting platform was developed, which selectively reveals valid encrypted information only under the correct combination of excitation wavelength and power, demonstrating high security and multi-level optical encryption capability.

Lanthanide-based metal-organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs) are widely studied as downshifting luminescent materials. However, achieving lanthanide upconversion luminescence is still challenging in Ln-MOFs. Here, a new Yb-IPA MOF with upconversion luminescence at 498 nm was designed and synthesized using isophthalic acid (IPA) and Yb3+ salt. Under 980 nm excitation, the Yb-IPA MOFs emit the cyan light of Yb3+ ions through cooperative upconversion luminescence. Subsequently, Tb3+, Eu3+, and Ho3+ were doped into Yb-IPA MOFs, and the characteristic upconversion emissions of these lanthanide ions were successfully achieved in the corresponding codoped MOFs. These codoped MOFs showed downshifting and upconversion luminescence of lanthanide ions under ultraviolet and near-infrared light irradiation, respectively. The multimode-emission MOF system displays significant potential for applications in the field of information security, especially in the development of advanced optical anticounterfeiting and information encryption.

Luminescent 2D metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of metal-organic framework materials expanded in a 2D plane, which have a wide range of applications in fields of optoelectronic devices, sensors, and information storage due to their unique layered structure and excellent optical properties. Currently, research on luminescent 2D MOFs mainly focuses on down-shifting luminescence, while the exploration of upconversion luminescence remains in its early stages. Herein, a novel 2D Yb-PMA MOFs were synthesized, and red upconversion luminescence at 660 nm under 980 nm excitation was successfully achieved by introducing Ho3+ as the luminescence center and using Yb3+ as the sensitizer. In addition, multimode emitting MOFs with both upconversion and down-shifting luminescence were further constructed by codoping Tb3+ or Eu3+. Inspired by the layered structure of 2D materials, multilayer stacked 2D MOFs composites were prepared by ultrasonic exfoliation method and upconversion luminescence was realized for the first time by interfacial energy transfer between different components. This strategy not only expands the optical modulation of luminescent 2D MOFs, but also provides new ideas for the construction of multifunctional luminescent materials. The upconversion/down-shifting luminescent lanthanide-based 2D MOFs designed in this work show good potential for application in the field of information encryption.

Antibiotics are widely used in treating animal and human diseases; thus, the trace detection of antibiotics is crucial and challenging. Currently, the sensors used for antibiotic detection are generally responsive only to a single type of antibiotic. Herein, we designed and prepared a luminescence ratio nanocomposite (UCN-ATPA-Eu3+), in which the 2-Aminoterephthalic acid (ATPA) was used to functionalize upconversion nanoparticles (UCN), and the Eu3+ ion was coordinated at the periphery. The upconversion/downshifting luminescence detection of antibiotics from different categories can be achieved by using the single nanocomposite and switching the excitation light source (385 and 980 nm), and their corresponding mechanisms of detection were demonstrated and discussed. The upconversion detection was based on the Förster resonance energy transfer and inner filter effect between the detection object and the UCN, while the downshifting detection was attributed to the competition absorbance of excitation light between the object and ATPA, and then, the energy was transferred to the coordinated Eu3+ through the antenna effect. After the immunity and selectivity of the nanocomposite were verified, detection of real samples was carried out, which displayed high accuracy and repeatability.

Luminescent 2D metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of metal‐organic framework materials expanded in a two‐dimensional plane, which have a wide range of applications in fields of optoelectronic devices, sensors, and information storage due to their unique layered structure and excellent optical properties. Currently, research on luminescent 2D MOFs mainly focuses on down‐shifting luminescence, while the exploration of upconversion luminescence remains in its early stages. Herein, a novel two‐dimensional Yb‐PMA MOFs were synthesized, and red upconversion luminescence at 660 nm under 980 nm excitation was successfully achieved by introducing Ho3+ as the luminescence center and using Yb3+ as the sensitizer. In addition, multi‐mode emitting MOFs with both upconversion and down‐shifting luminescence were further constructed by co‐doping Tb3+ or Eu3+. Inspired by the layered structure of 2D materials, multilayer stacked 2D MOFs composites were prepared by ultrasonic exfoliation method and upconversion luminescence was realized for the first time by interfacial energy transfer between different components. This strategy not only expands the optical modulation of luminescent 2D MOFs, but also provides new ideas for the construction of multifunctional luminescent materials. The upconversion/down‐shifting luminescent lanthanide‐based 2D MOFs designed in this work show good potential for application in the field of information encryption.

In this work, we developed two kinds of co-crystal assemblies systems, consisting of discrete mononuclear Yb3+ and Er3+ and mononuclear Yb3+ and Pr3+, which can achieve Er3+ and Pr3+ upconversion luminescence, respectively, by Yb3+ sensitization under 980 nm excitation. The structure and composition of two co-crystal assemblies were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. By investigation of the series of two assemblies, respectively, it is found that the strongest upconversion luminescence is both obtained when the molar ratio of Yb3+ and Ln3+ (Ln=Er or Pr) is 1 : 1. The energy transfer mechanism of Er3+ assemblies is determined as energy transfer upconversion, while that of Pr3+ assemblies is determined as energy transfer upconversion and cooperative sensitization upconversion. This is the first example of Pr3+ upconversion luminescence at the molecular dimension at room temperature, which enriches the research in the field of upconversion luminescence with lanthanide complexes.

A robust palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura reaction of carboxylic-phosphoric anhydrides via highly selective C(O)-O bond cleavage under inorganic base-free conditions has been reported. Carboxylic-phosphoric anhydrides, generated through activating carboxylic acids using phosphates by esterification or direct dehydrogenative reaction with phosphites, have been employed as highly reactive electrophiles for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. Broad substrate scope and excellent functional group tolerance have been demonstrated to be a general and practical approach for the synthesis of highly valuable ketones.

In recent years, room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials have attracted widespread attention in the field of materials science due to their exceptional optical properties. In this study, we explore a strategy for RTP by designing and synthesizing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based on lutetium (Lu) and finely modulating the photophysical properties of the materials through introduction of europium (Eu). Utilizing the property that formamide generates formic acid under heating conditions, a type of Lu-MOF with formic acid as the sole ligand was successfully synthesized, which opens up a new pathway for the synthesis of MOFs. The phosphorescence intensity and lifetime of the dye 4,4 '-bipyridine are significantly enhanced by being encapsulated in the 1D channels of Lu-MOFs. By partially substituting Lu3+ with Eu3+, we not only adjusted the emission color but also achieved gradient control of fluorescence and phosphorescence intensity, providing precise multilevel optical encoding capabilities for information encryption technologies. This dual-modal fluorescent/phosphorescent MOF system demonstrates high potential for applications in the security field, particularly in the development of advanced anti-counterfeiting and data storage technologies.

The martensitic stainless cutlery steel is frequently exposed to conditions where there were both wear and corrosion in the daily usage of kitchen cutlery. To understand the degradation mechanism of the cutlery steel under practical application environments, tribocorrosion tests were performed on 60Cr16MoMA martensitic stainless steel (MSS) in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution and pressed Shanghai Bok Choy (pSBC). The results revealed that compared with 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, the 60Cr16MoMA steel exhibited better tribocorrosion resistance in pSBC during sliding. Through analysis of cross-sectional wear track profiles, it was found that the 60Cr16MoMA steel had the least volume loss when tested in pSBC. High performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry results showed that flavonoids and ascorbic acid were present in pSBC, which may act as corrosion inhibitors and stabilize the passive film through physisorption or chemisorption. X-ray photoelectron spectrometer results further confirmed that the passive film formed in pSBC was more stable due to higher Fe2+/Fe3+ and Cr2O3/Cr(OH)3 ratios. These findings further confirm the MSS are subjected to the hazards of wear, corrosion and tribocorrosion, and provide important empirical and theoretical support for evaluating cutlery steel volume loss in practical application environments in the future.

Nicotine (3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)pyridine) is one of the most common addictive substances, causing the trace detection of nicotine to be very necessary. Herein, we designed and prepared a functionalized nanocomposite CS-PAA (NaYF4:19.5

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Mn(II)/Cd(II) nitrates react with 5,5 '-(1,2-phenylenebis(methoxy))diisophthalic acid (H4L) and four dipyridyl-typed N-donor ligands to afford six coordination polymers, {[Mn2(L)(bpee)2]center dot DMF}n (1), {[Mn-3(H2L)(3)(bpmp) (H2O)(2)]center dot 2DMF center dot 2H(2)O}(n) (2), {[(CH3)2NH(2)](2)[Cd(L)]center dot 2H(2)O}(n) (3), [Cd-2(L)(H2O)(2)(DMF)](n) (4), {[Cd(L)(0.5)(bpdb)]center dot DMF}(n) (5) and [Cd(H2L)(bpp)(H2O)](n) (6) [bpee = 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene, bpmp = 1,4-bis(4-pyridylmethyl) piperazine, bpdb = 1,4-bis(4-pyridyl)-2,3-diaza-1,3-butadiene, bpp = 1,3-bis(4-pyridyl)propane]. These com-plexes were characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectra, PXRD, thermogravimetry and X-ray structural analysis. H4L displays seven types of coordination modes in them. Four complexes are 3D coordination polymers, except 2D wave-like network of complex 3 and 1D double-chain polymer of complex 6. Cd(II) complexes 3, 4 and 6 display strong blue luminescence. Complex 1 exhibits weak antiferromagnetic coupling in [Mn-2(mu(2)-COO)(2)(-COO)(2)] dimer, while complex 2 shows antiferromagnetic coupling in [Mn3(mu(2)-COO)(6)] trinuclear cluster.

We report a general method for direct decarbonylative thioetherification of carboxylic acids using air- and moisture-stable nickel precatalysts. In this approach, ubiquitous carboxylic acids are directly used as aryl electrophiles and common thiols serve as sulfide donors.

A new tripodal chelate ligand (NaH3L.1.5H(2)O) was synthesized via Mannich reaction from iminodiacetic acid and t-butyl-catechol in MeOH/H2O in the presence of polyformaldehyde and NaOH. Colorless NaH3L.1.5H(2)O react with Sr(OH)(2) affords a deep-blue 2D-coordination polymer [Sr3L2.8H(2)O].10.5H(2)O in aqueous solution. Crystal structure shows [Sr3L2.8H(2)O].10.5H(2)O is a free radical 2D coordination polymer with g = 2.004 and guest accessible cavity 35.6% after removal water molecules in solid state. N-2 adsorption indicates [Sr3L2.8H(2)O].10.5H(2)O has specific surface area 5.4561 m(2) g(-1), average pore diameter is 18.48 nm, maximum N-2 adsorption capacity is 18.05 cm(3).g(-1). [Sr3L2.8H(2)O].10.5H(2)O is relatively stable in DMSO, with absorbance maximum at 259 (7095), 305(6940) and 623 nm (4495 M-1.cm(-1)), but will decompose in the presence of HCl, citric acid and ascorbic acid. Stronger acid decomposes faster. Large excess H2O2 & nbsp;can also decompose [Sr3L2.8H(2)O].10.5H(2)O. The decomposition reaction is first-order to concentration of H+/H2O2 and [Sr3L2.8H(2)O].10.5H(2)O. The second order rate constants at room temperature DMSO solution are 6.86 x 10(-4) and 15.5 s1.M(-1 & nbsp;)for H2O2 and H+ respectively.