Abstract Bredemeyera is a neotropical genus that comprises 12 species of woody vines and sub-erect or scandent shrubs. It occurs from Mexico to Paraguay and nearly all over Brazil. In this paper, we present a complete taxonomic revision of the genus. Bredemeyera ericifolia, a new species from the Brazilian state of Piauí, is here described and illustrated. Lectotypes are designated for Bredemeyera bracteata, B. densiflora, B. densiflora var. glabra, B. floribunda var. puberula, B. huberiana, B. isabelliana, B. laurifolia var. parvifolia, B. myrtifolia, B. parviflora, Catacoma altissima, C. brevifolia, C. lucida, and Securidaca flexuosa. A [second-step] lectotype is designated for B. velutina. Here, the names Bredemeyera altissima and B. lucida are considered taxonomic synonyms of B. divaricata, whereas B. myrtifolia and B. densiflora are synonyms of B. bracteata, and finally, B. disperma is considered a synonym of B. laurifolia. We provide an identification key, descriptions, distribution maps, illustrations, and comments on the conservation status, nomenclature, and taxonomy of all species involved.

We here provide a taxonomic and nomenclatural update of the Prodromus of the Bolivian fern flora published between 2017 and 2019. We describe one new species (Elaphoglossum neglectum F.B.Matos & R.C.Moran), provide four new combinations (Argyrochosma flavens (Sw.) A.R.Sm. & M.Kessler, Ceradenia werffii (L.E.Bishop) A.R.Sm. & M.Kessler, Enterosora dudleyi (L.E.Bishop) A.R.Sm. & M.Kessler, Phlegmariurus aristei (Nessel) B.Øllg.), report 13 new species records for Bolivia, delete 4 species from the Bolivian list, and update the names of 17 species previously known from Bolivia. With these new records and species, the number of fern and lycophyte species known from Bolivia increases by 10 to 1210.

Elaphoglossum matogrossense, a new species from central-western Brazil, is here described and illustrated. It belongs to Elaphoglossum section Lepidoglossa, which is often characterised by conspicuously scaly leaves and non-subulate scales with acicular, one-celled, non-glandular teeth. The new species was first collected c. 35 years ago. It is characterised by short-creeping stems, orangish to brown stem scales, moderately to densely scaly leaves, short petioles, and narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate laminae with round apices and gradually decurrent bases. Elaphoglossum matogrossense is known only from the Chapada dos Guimarães National Park and is here considered critically endangered. We provide a description, taxonomic and ecological comments, conservation status assessment, geographic distribution, phenology, and illustrations for this new species.

Elaphoglossum section Polytrichia is one of the main clades of the fern genus Elaphoglossum. It is usually distinguished from the rest of the genus by the presence of subulate scales and lack of hydathodes. Here we provide a nomenclatural synopsis with notes on the species taxonomy and identification, along with comments on the clade’s biogeography. A total of 80 names were found to apply to species in the Polytrichia clade. Based on an examination of 3475 herbarium gatherings, we recognize in the group 53 species and two hybrids. The clade is almost entirely Neotropical, occurring from Mexico and the Antilles to Argentina and Brazil. The only exception is E. hybridum, which is widespread in South America but also occurs in Africa, Madagascar, and islands of the mid-Atlantic and Indian Oceans. We provide maps of geographic distribution and species richness for the section. Each species is provided with place and date of publication, information on types, complete synonymy, notes on geographic distribution, and other pertinent remarks. The following nomenclatural combinations are made: E. versatile and E. occidentale, comb. nov. Also, one epitype is designated for E. clathratum, lectotypes are designated for 13 names (Acrostichum barbatum, A. hybridum var. minor, A. mexicanum, A. nitidum, A. stramineum, E. angustioblongum, E. cinctum, E. cordifolium, E. demissum, E. erinaceum var. boliviense, E. lindbergii var. truncatum, E. reductum, E. truncatum), and neotypes are designated for E. hystrix and E. versatile. A list of the specimens examined is provided.

Abstract We present a taxonomic treatment for the species of Didymochlaenaceae and Dryopteridaceae occurring in the region of Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. This study was based on 50 herbarium gatherings from IAN, K, NY, PACA, RB, SP, UPCB, US, and VIC. Didymochlaenaceae is represented by a single species, Didymochlaena truncatula, whereas Dryopteridaceae has 11 infrageneric taxa in seven genera: Ctenitis (four taxa, including two varieties), Megalastrum (two species), Mickelia, Parapolystichum, Polybotrya, Rumohra, and Stigmatopteris (one species each). Among the 12 infrageneric taxa here recognized, seven are endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Ctenitis distans var. isabellina, Megalastrum connexum, and Polybotrya speciosa are here reported for the first time in Viçosa. Identification keys, descriptions, illustrations, geographical distribution, and comments are presented to all taxa.

Abstract—We present a monographic treatment for the 13 species ofElaphoglossumsect.Polytrichiasubsect.Apoda(Dryopteridaceae). Molecular phylogenetic analyses have recovered this subsection as monophyletic within the so-called “subulate-scaled clade” ofElaphoglossum. Morphologically, the species ofE.subsect.Apodaare usually characterized by the presence of brightly colored stem scales (yellowish, orangish, or reddish, as opposed to castaneous to black), evenly distributed subulate scales on laminar surfaces, tiny glandular hairs on different parts of the leaves, and adult sterile leaves without hydathodes. The species can be divided into two groups: one with subsessile and the other with long-petiolate leaves.ElaphoglossumsubsectionApodais distributed from southern Mexico and the Antilles to Bolivia and midwestern Brazil.Elaphoglossum atehortuae, a new species from the Amazon region of Ecuador, is described, illustrated, and compared to its most similar species. It is unusual within this group for lacking subulate scales on both surfaces of the laminae, a character state that it shares withE. backhouseanum. Two species,E. polyblepharumandE. trichophorum, are included in the group for the first time, whereasE. procurrensandE. siliquoidesare excluded based on morphological characters and previously published molecular phylogenies. We also provide comments forE.×morphohybridum, which is a hybrid betweenE. alvaradoanumandE. crinitum. Lectotypes are designated forAcrostichum apodum,A. platyneuron,A. cubense,A. procurrens,A. trichophorum, andElaphoglossum auripilum, and epitypes are designated forA. apodum. To facilitate the identification of species, we provide keys, descriptions, illustrations, comments, synonyms, distribution maps, spore images, and a list of specimens examined.

To mark the commencement of his retirement as Nathaniel Lord Britton Curator of Botany, and appointment as Curator Emeritus at the New York Botanical Garden, we pay tribute to Robbin Moran and impact on the botanical community with a brief synopsis of his career. Naturalist, fern expert, adored teacher—it is difficult to adequately pay tribute to his accomplishments, and his impact on botany in a single article. Robbin has published four books, 13 monographs of neotropical fern clades, over 170 scientific papers, and dozens of popular articles. He has named 115 new species, five new genera, and one family of ferns. He is eponymized by seven new species and the genus Moranopteris. We recount his earliest days and academic trajectory to become a leading researcher and educator in pteridology. We highlight his major influences, scientific accomplishments, and outreach to the botanical community.

We found 204 species of pteridophytes in Reserva Natural Guaricica, a private natural heritage reserve (RPPN) in Antonina, Paraná, Brazil. With approximately 8,600 ha and elevations ranging from sea level to 600 m, RPPN Guaricica has more species of pteridophytes than any other area in Paraná. Ferns are represented by 194 species in 82 genera and 26 families, whereas lycophytes comprise 10 species in four genera and two families. The RPPN is the type locality of two recently described species: Hypolepis acantha Schwartsb. and Oleandra australis Schwartsb. & J.Prado. It is also the only place of occurrence of Didymoglossum angustifrons Fée, Diplazium riedelianum (Bong. ex Kuhn) C.Chr., Pteris ensiformis Burm.f., P. tripartita Sw., Saccoloma elegans Kaulf., and Steiropteris polypodioides (Raddi) Salino & T.E.Almeida in Paraná. Pteris ensiformis and Saccoloma brasiliense (C.Presl) Mett. are new state records. Additional species are expected to occur in the area, in view of their known geographical ranges.

A checklist of ferns and lycophytes from the Lagoa do Peri Municipal Park (LPMP), an Atlantic Forest remnant in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, southern Brazil, is presented. Collections were made from October 2015 to April 2016. Herbarium specimens were also analyzed. A total of 81 species of ferns and one lycophyte were found, belonging to 14 families and 42 genera. The most representative families were Polypodiaceae (21 spp.) and Pteridaceae (12 spp.). Among the species, 44% were terrestrial, 31% epiphytes, 29% rupicolous, and 2% hemi-epiphytes. Macrothelypteris torresiana (Gaudich.) Ching, an exotic invasive species, was recorded. The number of species found here is lower than reported for similar areas, likely due to anthropogenic activities around and within the park. The constant urbanization occurring around the LPMP emphasizes the importance of the park for conservation of the Atlantic Forest and for maintaining the diversity of ferns and lycophytes.

We present a taxonomic revision for Cyclodium, a neotropical fern genus that is most diverse in the Amazon lowlands, especially in the Guianas and Venezuela, but also extending to Central America, the western Andes and southeastern Brazil. The genus belongs to the Dryopteridaceae and is distinguished from other genera in this family by its dimorphic fronds and peltate indusia. We recognize 13 species of Cyclodium, for which we provide morphological descriptions, distribution maps, an identification key, illustrations and taxonomic comments. Cyclodium pubescens is described as new to science, C. meniscioides var. paludosum and C. meniscioides var. rigidissimum are synonymized under C. meniscioides, and C. heterodon var. abbreviatum is synonymized under C. heterodon. Lectotypes are designated for Aspidium confertum, A. guianense, C. rigidissimum, Dryopteris calophylla and Polystichum inerme. We also provide an assessment on conservation status for each species following IUCN categories and criteria.

Brazilian protected areas are essential for plant conservation in the Atlantic Forest domain, one of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots. A major challenge for improving conservation actions is to know the plant richness, protected by these areas. Online databases offer an accessible way to build plant species lists and to provide relevant information about biodiversity. A list of land plants of “Parque Nacional do Caparaó” (PNC) was previously built using online databases and published on the website "Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil." Here, we provide and discuss additional information about plant species richness, endemism and conservation in the PNC that could not be included in the List. We documented 1,791 species of land plants as occurring in PNC, of which 63 are cited as threatened (CR, EN or VU) by the Brazilian National Red List, seven as data deficient (DD) and five as priorities for conservation. Fifity-one species were possible new ocurrences for ES and MG states. "Parque Nacional do Caparaó" houses 8% of the land plant species endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, including 6% of its angiosperms, 31% of its lycophytes and ferns and 14% of its avascular plants. Twelve percent of the threatened species listed for the State of Espírito Santo and 7% listed for the State of Minas Gerais are also protected by PNC. Surprisingly, 79% of the collections analysed here were carried out in Minas Gerais, which represents just 21% of the total extension of the Park. The compiled data uncover a huge botanical collection gap in this federally-protected area.

In Latin, nouns ending in -er belong to the second declension. For these nouns, i is added after the -er to form the genitive singular. Some examples are bakeri, engleri, hookeri, palmeri, wagneri, and weberi. In classical Latin, with few exceptions, nouns of the second declension are either masculine or neuter (Stearn, Bot. Latin. 1973). Botany, however, has feminine nouns ending in -er for epithets honouring women. For instance, one may find in the International Plant Names Index (IPNI; https://www.ipni.org/; accessed 31 Mar 2020) 41 records for walkerae, 18 for carterae, 18 for barkerae, 14 for barberae, 6 for alexanderae, 5 for bucherae, 6 for canterae, 3 for rennerae, and 2 for weberae. Other examples exist, as a search of IPNI will reveal. Thus, the practice in botanical Latin has been to add -ae to the -er termination for women's names. This was not done in classical Latin. It is one way that botanical Latin differs from the classical. Currently, the Code (Turland & al. in Regnum Veg. 159. 2018) does not provide an example of this different usage. It should. The Code should also provide an example of the plural when a name ends with -a. To address these matters, we propose the following two additions to Art. 60.8(a). “(a) If the personal name ends with a vowel or -er, substantival epithets are formed by adding the genitive inflection appropriate to the sex and number of the person(s) honoured (e.g. scopoli-i for Scopoli (m), fedtschenko-i for Fedtschenko (m), fedtschenko-ae for Fedtschenko (f), glaziou-i for Glaziou (m), lace-ae for Lace (f), gray-i for Gray (m), hooker-i for Hooker (m), hooker-ae for Hooker (f), hooker-orum for the Hookers (m)), except when the name ends with -a, in which case adding -e (singular) or -rum (plural) is appropriate (e.g. triana-e for Triana (m), pojarkova-e for Pojarkova (f), orlovskaja-e for Orlovskaja (f), espinosa-rum for the Espinosas (m)).”

Background Brazil is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, with about 37,000 species of land plants. Part of this biodiversity is within protected areas. The development of online databases in the last years greatly improved the available biodiversity data. However, the existing databases do not provide information about the protected areas in which individual plant species occur. The lack of such information is a crucial gap for conservation actions. This study aimed to show how the information captured from online databases, cleaned by a protocol and verified by taxonomists allowed us to obtain a comprehensive list of the vascular plant species from the "Parque Nacional do Itatiaia", the first national park founded in Brazil. All existing records in the online database JABOT (15,100 vouchers) were downloaded, resulting in 11,783 vouchers identified at the species level. Overall, we documented 2,316 species belonging to 176 families and 837 genera of vascular plants in the "Parque Nacional do Itatiaia". Considering the whole vascular flora, 2,238 species are native and 78 are non-native. New information The "Parque Nacional do Itatiaia" houses 13% of the angiosperm and 37% of the fern species known from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Amongst these species, 82 have been cited as threatened, following IUCN categories (CR, EN or VU), seven are data deficient (DD) and 15 have been classified as a conservation priority, because they are only known from a single specimen collected before 1969.

(2767) Acrostichum webbii Bory ex Fée, Mém. Foug. 2: 51. 1845 (sero), nom. utique rej. prop. Lectotypus (vide Rouhan & Cremers in Syst. & Geogr. Pl. 76: 182. 2006): Panama, 1833, Webb (P barcode P00250049). To promote nomenclatural stability, I propose to reject the name Acrostichum webbii, under Art. 56, so that it does not replace the name Elaphoglossum setigerum, which has long been widely used. The reasons for this proposition are detailed below. Fée (Mém. Foug. 2: 51. 1845) described Acrostichum webbii based on two sterile syntypes, one from Panama and another believed to be from Chile (“Habitat in Panama et Chili”). In the protologue, the author also mentioned that the syntypes had been seen dried “in herb. Bory et in herb. Vindob.” The specimen from Chile, which was explicitly cited as “Cuming, Chili, n.o 151”, is currently at W (No. 0055285) and consists of a plant with three sterile leaves and two broken petioles attached to a rhizome. At the lower-right corner of the sheet, there is a handwritten label with collection data (“Chili: Cumming (151)”), the species name (“Acrostichum webbii Bory ex Fée”) in Fée's handwriting, and Fée's signature. This label also has a date that apparently says April 1834 (“1834/IV”). Two typewritten labels indicating that this specimen is a “Typus” are also found on the bottom-right. The specimen from Panama, the collector of which was not explicitly cited in the protologue, is currently at P (barcode P00250049). It consists of five sterile leaves and some broken petioles attached to a rhizome. In the lower-right, there is a typewritten label stating “HERB. MUS. PARIS. Herbier de Bory St. Vincent, 1847. Fougères catal. No. 27, 32”. Above this label is a handwritten label signed by Fée that says “Mem. sur les Acrostich. esp. 62. p. 51. Acrostichum webbii Bory, distincta sed infausta incompleta”. Also on the right side, there is a “determinavit” by J.T. Mickel, who, in 1984, identified the specimen as “Elaphoglossum webbii (Bory ex Fée) Moore” and added “Holotype?”. In the lower-left corner, there is a label in Bory's handwriting that gives the collecting locality of Panama and compares (in French) A. webbii to [Acrostichum] richardii. Another label on the lower-left side indicates that this specimen was chosen as the lectotype of A. webbii by Rouhan & Cremers (in Syst. & Geogr. Pl. 76: 182. 2006). Above this label, there is a handwritten note by Bory saying “de Panama, par Webb, 1833”. The drawing in the protologue (i.e., plate 24 [“pl. XXII”], figure 4) is a mirror image of this specimen. After it was described by Fée (l.c.), the name Acrostichum webbii has appeared in the literature only four times. Even with syntypes from Panama and Chile, the name was omitted by Mickel (in Davidse & al., Fl. Mesoamer. 1. 1995) and Rodríguez (in Marticorena & Rodríguez, Fl. Chile 1. 1995). Its first mention was when it was transferred to Elaphoglossum by Moore (Index Fil.: 16. 1857). The second time it was mentioned, it was considered a synonym of E. apodum (Kaulf.) Schott ex J. Sm. by Christ (Monogr. Elaphoglossum: 112. 1899). Christ's taxonomic opinion was followed by Christensen (Index Filic.: 20. 1906), who considered A. webbii a synonym of E. apodum and, consequently, cited E. apodum for tropical America and Chile (the Chilean record being certainly based on Cuming 151). More recently, Rouhan & Cremers (l.c.) selected the specimen collected by Webb as the lectotype of A. webbii because “the species was named after [Webb], and this specimen bears an annotation with the identification signed by Fée”. Rouhan & Cremers (l.c.) also adopted Christ's synonymy and cited the syntype from Chile (i.e., Cuming 151), for which they indicated a specimen at BM. The folder of “E. webbii” in this herbarium, however, has only two sheets with photographs of the W specimen (pers. obs.). Christ's taxonomic decision of synonymizing Acrostichum webbii under Elaphoglossum apodum was based on a drawing by Mettenius at B (barcode B 20 0072268) (“nach einer Zeichnung von Metten im HB.: Panama l. Wagner”). This drawing has a handwritten note (probably by Mettenius) stating that it was based on a specimen at M (“Panama, Wagner, Herb. Monacense”). Along with the drawing, there is also an envelope containing some fragments of a specimen. Although I did not find Wagner's collection at M, the drawing and fragments on this sheet clearly represent E. auripilum Christ (not E. apodum), as indicated on a label by L. Atehortúa, 1983. This agrees with the distribution of E. auripilum, which is endemic to Costa Rica and Panama (see Mickel, l.c. 1995: 258). In contrast, E. apodum is restricted to the Antilles and readily differs from E. auripilum by petioles nearly absent to 3 cm long (vs. 4–30 cm long in E. auripilum) (pers. obs.). Therefore, neither of the syntypes of A. webbii can be attributed to E. apodum. First, because they are not from the Antilles, and second, because their petioles are longer than 7 cm. Additionally, both syntypes of A. webbii are characterized by the presence of subulate scales and hydathodes. In Elaphoglossum, the combination of these two characters (i.e., subulate scales and hydathodes) is unique to E. sect. Setosa (Christ) Mickel & Atehortúa. Of the five Chilean species of Elaphoglossum listed in Rodríguez & al. (in Gayana, Bot. 75: 11. 2018), only two are members of E. sect. Setosa: E. lindenii (Bory ex Fée) T. Moore and E. porteri Hicken. Both differ from Cuming 151 (W No. 0055285), suggesting that this syntype was actually collected somewhere else in the world. According to Dance (in J. Soc. Bibliogr. Nat. Hist. 9: 477–501. 1980), Hugh Cuming (1791–1865) collected in many countries of the Americas, Polynesia, and the Philippines. Based on the plant's morphology and Cuming's itinerary, there are only two possible names for Cuming 151. The most probable name is E. florencei Rouhan, which refers to a species endemic to Moorea and Raiatea (see Rouhan & al. in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 158: 309–331. 2008). Cuming visited these islands during his first voyage (1827–28), so it is likely that the specimen came from there. The other possibility is E. setigerum (Sodiro) Diels, which is distributed from Mexico to Bolivia, with additional records from Hispaniola (see Kessler & al. in Phytotaxa 353: 32. 2018). Cuming visited many of these countries during his second voyage (1828–30). The date of April 1834, which was written on the specimen, is not a collection date (Cuming was living in England from 1831 to January 1836) and does not help on identifying the origin of the specimen. The collection number “151” also does not help with this issue, since there are different species from different localities under “Cuming 151” (e.g., the syntype of Lastrea propinqua J. Sm., from the Philippines, K000235735). Without knowing the origin, the distinction between sterile specimens of E. florencei and E. setigerum is often impossible. In any case, A. webbii is much older and would displace any of the species names mentioned above. The specimen from Panama (Webb s.n.), which was selected as the lectotype of Acrostichum webbii by Rouhan & Cremers (l.c.), certainly came from Panama and represents E. setigerum, which was originally described in Acrostichum by Sodiro (in Anales Univ. Centr. Ecuador 4: 174. 1890). Although A. webbii (1845) has priority over A. setigerum (1890), it would be highly undesirable to have a rarely used name replacing a well-established one. The type of A. setigerum is at K, not at Q or QPLS as respectively suggested by Mickel (l.c. 1995: 279) and Mickel & Smith (in Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 88: 309. 2004). Because the species is widely distributed in the Neotropics, the name E. setigerum has been used in all major fern floras and checklists for the countries in which it occurs, such as for Mexico by Mickel & Smith (l.c.) and Mickel & Montes (in Diego-Pérez & Fonseca, Fl. Guerrero 37: 53–54. 2009), Mesoamerica by Mickel (l.c. 1995: 279), Colombia by Forero & Gentry (Lista Anot. Pl. Depto. Chocó: 28. 1989) and Murillo-Pulido & al. (Pteridóf. Colombia: 248. 2008), Ecuador by Jørgensen & León-Yánez (in Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75: 133. 1999), Peru by Mickel (in Fieldiana, Bot., n.s., 27: 160. 1991), and Bolivia by Sundue (in Nee, Fl. Parq. Nac. Amboró 1: 291. 2011) and Kessler & al. (l.c.). Some older floras treated this species as E. crinipes C. Chr., a name that has been considered a synonym of E. setigerum since Mickel (l.c. 1995: 279). This was done for Haiti by Christensen (in Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl. 16(2): 76. 1936), Guatemala by Mickel (in Fieldiana, Bot., n.s., 6: 218. 1981), Chiapas by Smith (in Breedlove, Fl. Chiapas 2: 108. 1981), and Oaxaca by Mickel & Beitel (in Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 46: 172. 1988). Additionally, the name E. setigerum has appeared in several molecular phylogenetic studies, such as Rouhan & al. (in Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 33: 745–763. 2004), Lóriga & al. (in Pl. Syst. Evol. 300: 937–951. 2014), and Matos & al. (in Int. J. Pl. Sci. 179: 296–313. 2018), and in a study of perine evolution by Moran & al. (in Int. J. Pl. Sci. 171: 872–881. 2010). Because of its long use, replacing Elaphoglossum setigerum with E. webbii would cause confusion. It seems best to reject the name E. webbii so that E. setigerum can continue to be used. FBM, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2133-6032 This research was partially funded by Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES). I thank the curators of the herbaria mentioned above for loans and images of their specimens. I also thank John Wiersema, John McNeill, and Robbin Moran for constructive comments on the manuscript.

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events.

We correct a number of omissions and errors in the previous series of publications of the “Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia”. Most importantly, we correct the combining authorship for Didymoglossum punctatum subsp. sphenoides (Kunze) Boudrie & Cremers, add missing information on Elaphoglossum latevagans Mickel, and validly publish the new combination and status for Hypolepis rigescens var. buchtienii (Rosenst.) Schwartsb. and new combination Christella abrupta (A.R.Sm.) A.R.Sm., previously called C. grandis, which was invalidly published.

O presente artigo tem como objeto de estudo os processos de reciclagem de papel desenvolvidos por meio de oficinas práticas e participativas, junto a jovens de comunidades de baixa-renda, constituintes do Núcleo de Estudo e Ação Sobre o Menor da PUC-Rio. O papel reciclado serve como matéria prima à fabricação de produtos artesanais. Para tal, utilizam-se a observação sistemática, a análise dos processos de fabricação e a entrevista com seus autores. No seguimento, constata-se que o aprendizado dos jovens, por meio dessa prática, habilita sua consciência para a necessidade da preservação dos recursos naturais e humanos do planeta e da consequente promoção da sustentabilidade, enquanto aprimora a autoconfiança e desperta suas potencialidades.

Background – Cyclodium is a neotropical fern genus comprising about ten species. Most species are found in northern South America, and the foothills of the Guiana Shield is an important region for species diversification. Our phylogenetic and taxonomic studies of the genus demonstrated the need to describe a new species and to recognize a variety at species level.Methods – This study is based on herbarium specimens from CAY, HUA, INPA, MBM, NY, P, RB, UC, UFP, UPCB, and US. Morphological characters were analyzed using standard procedures. The indumentum and spores of the new species were studied using a scanning electron microscope. Species delimitation is proposed based on our preliminary phylogenetic studies, as well as on morphology and geographical distribution.Key results – Cyclodium alansmithii Bohn & Labiak is recognized as a new species, described, and illustrated. The most similar species is Cyclodium inerme (Fée) A.R.Sm., from which it differs by ovate-lanceolate and bicolored scales, reduced fronds, truncate pinna bases, and non-ciliate indusia. Cyclodium alansmithii is currently assessed as Endangered (EN) using IUCN criteria, but more fieldwork and herbarium studies are necessary to establish a more accurate conservation assessment. Cyclodium trianae (Mett.) A.R.Sm. var. chocoense A.R.Sm. is here elevated to species rank. A key to species of Cyclodium with free veins is provided.

Elaphoglossum Schott ex J. Sm. sect. Polytrichia Christ is characterized by the presence of subulate scales and the absence of hydathodes. We did a molecular phylogenetic analysis using three non-coding plastid markers and found that five species thought to belong to section Elaphoglossum are actually members of section Polytrichia. The five species were previously thought to belong to section Elaphoglossum because they lack the characteristic subulate scales of section Polytrichia. We refer to these species as the Decursivum Group. We assign two other species to this group based on their morphological similarity to the known members of the group. Besides lacking subulate scales on the laminae, the seven species of the Decursivum Group are distinctive by having a submarginal connecting vein, a character otherwise absent in section Polytrichia. The group is entirely Neotropical, occurring at middle elevations and extending from the West Indies and Mexico to Bolivia and southeastern Brazil. For the Decursivum Group, we provide a taxonomic treatment including a key, descriptions, illustrations, distribution maps, discussion, and lists of specimens examined. Lectotypes are designated for Acrostichum miersii Baker and A. papyraceum Fée. A new species from the Andes, E. vascoae F. B. Matos & R. C. Moran, is described and illustrated.