The behavior of primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary dodecylammonium chloride and bromide in benzene and toluene was investigated by surface tension measurements, the dye-solubilization and iodine-complex formation method and vapor pressure osmometry at 37° and 50°C. The smooth continuity in the measured properties of these solutions as a function of concentration has been interpreted in terms of a progressive oligomerization of the cationic surfactants rather than in terms of a monomer ⇄, micelle equilibrium, familiar in aqueous solutions. No indication for the phenomenon of critical micelle concentration could be observed.

Osmometric vapor-pressure-lowering measurements on toluene, butylbenzene, chlorobenzene, and chloronaphthalene solutions of several secondary, tertiary, and quaternary long-chain (at least five carbon atoms per chain) alkylammonium chlorides, bromides, thiocyanates, nitrates, and perrhenates in the temperature range between 50–130°C show an appreciable amount of molecular association. The extent (number of aggregated units) and/or the degree (size of aggregated units) of aggregation decreases with the number of carbon atoms per chain, the polarity of the solvent, and the temperature, but increases with the size of the anions and the solute concentration. The data were treated quantitatively in terms of activity coefficients via the Gibbs-Duhem relation and also in terms of specific oligomer formation. The latter treatment shows the salts to form a dimer and one (exceptionally two) higher oligomer, for which the association constants have been calculated.

A method utilizing high-performance liquid-liquid chromatography has been developed for the separation of the carcinogen N-hydroxy-2-fluorenylacetamide from N-2-fluorenylacetamide and N-(7-hydroxy-2-fluorenyl) acetamide. The height of the peak traced by the recording device is proportional to the amount of hydroxamic acid applied to the column and serves as a measure of the amount of compound. As little as 0.1 μg of hydroxamic acid can readily be detected. Because of its sensitivity, power of resolution, and speed, liquid-liquid chromatography appears to be superior to previous methods employed in the separation and analysis of the carcinogen. The method was used to separate N-hydroxy-2-fluorenylacetamide produced in the N-hydroxylation of N-2-fluorenylacetamide by rat-liver microsomes and NADPH. The separation of N-(7-hydroxy-2-fluorenyl) acetamide and N-(5-hydroxy-2-fluorenyl) acetamide, the two major C-hydroxylated metabolites in this reaction, was accomplished by liquid-solid chromatography.

Primary normal alkylammonium halides crystallize in a preferred crystallographic orientation, forming single or twinned layers. The basal spacings are related to the number of carbon atoms within the homologous series, and are doubled in the twin layers. The orientation of the hydrocarbon chains between the ionic heads is discussed.

Israel Journal of ChemistryVolume 8, Issue 6 p. 947-950 Physical Chemistry: Note Conductance and Association of Secondary and Tertiary Alkylammonium Salts in Organic Solvents H. Gutmann, H. Gutmann Department of Inorganic Chemistry, The Hebrew University of JerusalemSearch for more papers by this authorA.S. Kertes, A.S. Kertes Department of Inorganic Chemistry, The Hebrew University of JerusalemSearch for more papers by this author H. Gutmann, H. Gutmann Department of Inorganic Chemistry, The Hebrew University of JerusalemSearch for more papers by this authorA.S. Kertes, A.S. Kertes Department of Inorganic Chemistry, The Hebrew University of JerusalemSearch for more papers by this author First published: 1970 https://doi.org/10.1002/ijch.197000120Citations: 3AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume8, Issue61970Pages 947-950 RelatedInformation

Thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis have been applied to the determination of the stability of chlorides, nitrates and bisulfates of some long-chain (at least eight carbon atoms per chain) primary, secondary and tertiary normal aliphatic amines. All compounds investigated are thermally stable at least up to their melting point. The decomposition is exothermal in all cases, and the weight-loss corresponds to a total vaporization of the salts. Some of the salts are sufficiently stable for use as metal extractants from molten salt media.

Long chain secondary ammonium chlorides, bromides and iodides crystallize in a preferred orientation. Values of the basal spacings of the salts indicate hydrocarbon chains oriented towards each other between planes of the ionic heads. The inclination angle of the chains was found to be 40°.

AbstractChloride, bromide, nitrate, perchlorate, bisulfate, tetrachloro‐ and tetra‐bromo ferrate salts of a number of normal long‐chain (eight or more carbon atoms per chain) aliphatic primary, secondary and tertiary amines were prepared in solid crystalline form and their infrared spectra recorded at 25°C as mulls in Nujol and as KBr pellets. Hydrogen bonding in all these salts was shown to exist by the shift of the N‐H stretching frequency. With a common proton donor the magnitude of Δ v was found to vary with the nature of the anion. A closely linear relationship between Δv and the ionic radii and the proton affinity of the anions has been observed. From this relationship the ionic radii of FeCl4− and FeBr4− have been estimated. The chain length has apparently no effect on the hydrogen bond strength, contrary to the effect reported for low molecular weight (four or less carbon atoms per chain) amine salts.

AbstractThe trimethylsilyl ethers of reduced vitamins K1, K2, and of phytylubiquinone were investigated by means of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.

Helvetica Chimica ActaVolume 49, Issue 1 p. 369-390 Article Synthesen in der Carotinoid-Reihe 20. Mitteilung† Neue Synthesen von Apocarotinoiden U. Schwieter, U. Schwieter Forschungsabteilung der F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. A.G., BaselSearch for more papers by this authorH. Gutmann, H. Gutmann Forschungsabteilung der F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. A.G., BaselSearch for more papers by this authorH. Lindlar, H. Lindlar Forschungsabteilung der F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. A.G., BaselSearch for more papers by this authorR. Marbet, R. Marbet Forschungsabteilung der F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. A.G., BaselSearch for more papers by this authorN. Rigassi, N. Rigassi Forschungsabteilung der F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. A.G., BaselSearch for more papers by this authorR. Rüegg, R. Rüegg Forschungsabteilung der F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. A.G., BaselSearch for more papers by this authorS. F. Schaeren, S. F. Schaeren Forschungsabteilung der F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. A.G., BaselSearch for more papers by this authorO. Isler, O. Isler Forschungsabteilung der F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. A.G., BaselSearch for more papers by this author U. Schwieter, U. Schwieter Forschungsabteilung der F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. A.G., BaselSearch for more papers by this authorH. Gutmann, H. Gutmann Forschungsabteilung der F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. A.G., BaselSearch for more papers by this authorH. Lindlar, H. Lindlar Forschungsabteilung der F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. A.G., BaselSearch for more papers by this authorR. Marbet, R. Marbet Forschungsabteilung der F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. A.G., BaselSearch for more papers by this authorN. Rigassi, N. Rigassi Forschungsabteilung der F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. A.G., BaselSearch for more papers by this authorR. Rüegg, R. Rüegg Forschungsabteilung der F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. A.G., BaselSearch for more papers by this authorS. F. Schaeren, S. F. Schaeren Forschungsabteilung der F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. A.G., BaselSearch for more papers by this authorO. Isler, O. Isler Forschungsabteilung der F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. A.G., BaselSearch for more papers by this author First published: 1966 https://doi.org/10.1002/hlca.660490143Citations: 34 † 19. Mitteilung: [1]. AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Citing Literature Volume49, Issue11966Pages 369-390 RelatedInformation

Ausgehend von der Beobachtung, dass 1-Methyl-2-benzyl-hydrazin tumorhemmend wirkt, wurden durch systematische Variationen die für diese Wirkung essentiellen Strukturmerkmale festgelegt. Aus einer grösseren Anzahl von Verbindungen wurden 1-Methyl-2-p-(isopropylcarbamoyl)benzyl-hydrazin-hydrochlorid und 1-Methyl-2-p-allophanoylbenzyl-hydrazin-hydrobromid für ausgedehnte experimentelle und klinische Versuche ausgewählt.

AbstractThirty tertiary propargylic carbinols have been prepared by condensing propargyl bromide with ketones. Some of them showed better hypnotic activity than 3‐methylpentyn‐3‐01. The best compound of the series was 1‐chloro‐2‐chloromethylpent‐4‐yn‐2‐01 which proved to be a very effective hypnotic with a favourable therapeutic index.

Annals of the New York Academy of SciencesVolume 80, Issue 3 p. 555-567 AMINO ACID AND FATTY ACID HYDRAZIDES: CHEMISTRY AND ACTION ON MONOAMINE OXIDASE P. Zeller, P. Zeller Research Department, F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co., Ltd., Basel, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this authorA. Pletscher, A. Pletscher Research Department, F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co., Ltd., Basel, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this authorK. F. Gey, K. F. Gey Research Department, F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co., Ltd., Basel, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this authorH. Gutmann, H. Gutmann Research Department, F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co., Ltd., Basel, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this authorB. Hegedüs, B. Hegedüs Research Department, F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co., Ltd., Basel, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this authorO. Straub, O. Straub Research Department, F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co., Ltd., Basel, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this author P. Zeller, P. Zeller Research Department, F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co., Ltd., Basel, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this authorA. Pletscher, A. Pletscher Research Department, F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co., Ltd., Basel, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this authorK. F. Gey, K. F. Gey Research Department, F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co., Ltd., Basel, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this authorH. Gutmann, H. Gutmann Research Department, F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co., Ltd., Basel, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this authorB. Hegedüs, B. Hegedüs Research Department, F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co., Ltd., Basel, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this authorO. Straub, O. Straub Research Department, F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co., Ltd., Basel, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this author First published: September 1959 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1959.tb49234.xCitations: 23AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Citing Literature Volume80, Issue3Amine Oxidase InhibitorsSeptember 1959Pages 555-567 RelatedInformation

AbstractA simple and efficient synthesis of norbixin and crocetin diesters is described following the schemes C2 + C2o + C2,=C24 and C3 + C14 + C3 = C20 respectively. By means of the Wittig reaction crocetin di‐aldehyde is condensed with a bromoacetic acid ester and a C14‐dialdehyde with an α‐bromopropionic acid ester. The intermediate tri‐ phenylphosphorane compounds are crystalline and easily isolated in a pure state.

AbstractA simple and efficient synthesis of lycopene is described based on stepwise lengthening of a symmetrical C10‐dialdehyde as central component. This C10‐dialdehyde is lengthened at both ends, first with vinyl ether and then with propenyl ether, leading to a C20‐dialdehyde which is transformed into crocetin dialdehyde by partial hydrogenation of the central triple bond. By means of a new reaction devised by Wittig, crocetin dialdehyde is condensed at both ends with geranylidene‐triphenylphosphorane and lycopene is obtained according to the scheme C10 + C20 + C10 = C40. This synthetic pigment is identical with pure natural lycopene isolated from tomato juice. The Wittig reaction also allows a new β‐carotene synthesis using the components cyclogeranylidene‐triphenylphosphorane and 8,8′‐dehydro‐crocetin dialdehyde.

AbstractSome fifty‐two derivatives of 2‐methylisonicotinic acid hydrazide were synthesized and tested for their antitubercular action. The derivatives were prepared by reaction of 2‐methylisonicotinic acid hydrazide with aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acid chlorides, by condensation of 2‐methylisonicotinic acid chloride with dialkylated hydrazines, and by hydrogenation of 2‐methylisonicotinyl hydrazones.