Purpose:Although paclitaxel is widely used in cancer treatment, severe side effects and drug resistance limit its clinical use. 10-gingerol (10-G) is a natural compound isolated from ginger, which displays anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiproliferative properties. However, the chemotherapy-sensitization effect of 10-G on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has not been fully clarified. This study is aimed at investigating the effect of 10-G on the paclitaxel sensitivity in TNBC, and its underlying mechanism.Methods:The study was determined through in vitro and in vivo experiments. Cell viability and proliferation were detected by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) and colony formation. To detect cell apoptosis, flow cytometry and TUNEL were used. The expression of proteins was detected by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The molecular docking and gene knockout were corroborated by interactions between 10-G and adrenoceptor Beta 2 (ADRB2). The body weight of mice, histopathology and organs (kidney and spleen) coefficients were used to monitor the drug toxicities.Results:In vitro, 10-G increased the sensitivity of TNBC cells to paclitaxel, and could synergistically promote the apoptosis of TNBC cells induced by paclitaxel. In combination with molecular docking and lentivirus knockdown studies, ADRB2 was identified as a 10-G binding protein. 10-G inhibited ADRB2 by binding to the active site of ADRB2. Knockdown of ADRB2 reduces the proliferation activity of TNBC cells but also attenuates the sensitizing effects of 10-G to paclitaxel. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry showed that 10-G played an anti-proliferation and chemotherapy-sensitizing role by inhibiting the ADRB2/ERK signal. Toxicity evaluation showed that 10-G would not increase hepatorenal toxicity with paclitaxel.Conclusion:This data suggests that 10-G may be used as a new chemotherapeutic synergist in combination with paclitaxel to enhance anticancer activity. The potential value of ADRB2 as a target for improving chemotherapy sensitivity was also emphasized.

BackgroundThis Bayesian network meta-regression analysis provides a head-to-head comparison of first-line therapeutic immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) combinations for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) using median follow-up time as covariate.MethodsWe searched Six databases for a comprehensive analysis of randomised clinical trials (RCTs). Comparing progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of different interventions at the same time node by Bayesian network meta-analysis. Bayesian network meta-regression analysis was performed on objective response rate (ORR), adverse events (AEs) (grade ≥ 3) and the hazard ratios (HR) associated with PFS and OS, with the median follow-up time as the covariate.ResultsEventually a total of 22 RCTs reporting 11,090 patients with 19 interventions. Lenvatinib plus Pembrolizumab (LenPem) shows dominance of PFS, and Pembrolizumab plus Axitinib (PemAxi) shows superiority in OS at each time point. After meta-regression analysis, for HRs of PFS, LenPem shows advantages; for HRs of OS, PemAxi shows superiority; For ORR, LenPem provides better results. For AEs (grade ≥ 3), Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab (AtezoBev) is better.ConclusionConsidering the lower toxicity and the higher quality of life, PemAxi should be recommended as the optimal therapy in treating mRCC.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD4202236775.

account for nearly half of the world's population. We aimed to analyse mortality trends of breast cancer across the BRICS countries from 1990 to 2019. Breast cancer mortality estimates were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. An age-period-cohort model was adopted to estimate age, period and cohort effects on breast cancer mortality between 1990 and 2019. Results showed that breast cancer caused 0.23 million deaths across the BRICS countries in 2019, accounting for 32.7% of the total death caused by breast cancer worldwide. China had the largest number of deaths, followed by India. All five BRICS countries showed positive percentage changes in deaths from 1990 to 2019. The age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) trends. South Africa presented the fastest increased rate with age. Downward period trends were observed in trend was seen in India, with the period rate ratio increasing from 0.95 to 1.17. In conclusion, the disease burden of breast cancer is still heavy across the BRICS countries. It is important to pay more attention to elderly sed multidimensionally, incorporating screening and early detection, timely and sufficient treatment and appropriate prevention.

Although vaccination is regarded as one of the most significant achievements of public health, there also exists the phenomenon of vaccination hesitancy which refers to delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccination despite availability of vaccination services. In this study, we conducted a bibliometric analysis to provide a comprehensive overview of vaccination hesitancy research from 2013 to 2022. All related publications were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection Database. Information on annual publications, countries, organizations, journals, authors, keywords, and documents was analyzed adopting the bibliometix R-package, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace software. A total of 4042 publications were enrolled. The annual publications increased slightly before 2020 but had an extremely dramatic increase from 2020 to 2022. The United States contributed the most articles and had the greatest collaboration with other countries and organizations. The London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine was the most active institution. Vaccine was the most cited and influential journal while Vaccines was the most productive journal. It was Dube E who was the most productive authors with the highest h-index. The most frequent keywords were "vaccine hesitancy," "COVID-19," "SARS-CoV2," "immunization," "attitudes," and "willingness." Vaccination hesitancy to some extent hinders the achievement of global public health. The influencing factors vary across time, space, and vaccines. The COVID-19 pandemic and the development of COVID-19 vaccines have made this issue the focus of interest. The complexity and specific contexts of influencing factors of vaccination hesitancy require further study and will potentially be the focus of future research direction.

Abstract DNA Primase Subunit 2 (PRIM2) encodes a large subunit (p58C) of DNA primase, which plays an important role in DNA replication. However, the role of PRIM2 in cancer and immune regulation has not been elucidated. Therefore, in the present study, the expression profile of PRIM2 in cancer was investigated using publicly available databases like the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), the Broad Institute Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) from the University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC) Xena website. PRIM2 expression was analyzed in paired normal to the adjacent tumor and unpaired cancer and normal tissues. The prognosis of PRIM2 in various cancers was studied using Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis. The relationship between PRIM2 and tumor staging, tumor mutation burden (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI) was analyzed. Algorithms like cell type identification by estimating relative subsets of RNA transcripts (CIBERSORT), xCell, ssGSEA, and MCP-counter were used to study the correlation between PRIMA2 and tumor immune microenvironment, immune infiltrating cells, and immune-related genes (antigen processing and presentation genes, chemokines, chemokine receptors, HLA-related genes, immune checkpoints). Further, the correlation between PRIM2 and methyltransferase (DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B) from different databases. The biological processes and signaling pathways associated with PRIM2 in various tumors were studied. Finally, the correlation between the PRIM2 and the sensitivity of multiple drugs was analyzed using the National Cancer Institute (NCI)-60 database. The results show that PRIM2 was up-regulated in most tumors, high PRIM2 expression was associated with the different stages of cancer, and poor prognosis was observed. The results indicate that PRIM2 could potentially be used as a prognostic and immunotherapy target in tumors.

Background and Objective:Previous studies determined the therapeutic effects of capecitabine-based chemotherapy regimens on early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the optimal strategy of capecitabine-based chemotherapy remains uncertain. We conducted this network meta-analysis to address this issue. Methods:We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Registry of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) to retrieve eligible studies published before September 2021. Two independent reviewers extracted information from eligible studies using a pre-designed data extraction sheet. The primary outcome included disease-free survival, and the second outcome showed overall survival and adverse events. Direct meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4, and Bayesian network analysis was performed using R version 3.6.1 with the "gemtc" and "rjags" packages. Results:Nine studies involving 3661 TNBC patients met the selection criteria. The network meta-analysis suggested that the addition of capecitabine to adjuvant chemotherapy achieved a significantly longer disease-free (HR = 0.66, 95% CrI = 0.49 to 0.86) and overall survival time (HR = 0.60, 95% CrI = 0.43 to 0.83) than standard chemotherapy. All comparisons did not achieve statistical significance. The addition of capecitabine to adjuvant chemotherapy was the most effective treatment for improving disease-free (81.24%) and overall survival (78.46%) times, and the replacement of capecitabine to adjuvant chemotherapy was the safest regime. Conclusions:Based on available evidence, capecitabine-based chemotherapy benefits TNBC patients, and the addition of capecitabine with adjuvant chemotherapy was the most effective regime. In contrast, the replacement of capecitabine to adjuvant chemotherapy was the safest regime. More studies of high quality and large scale are needed to confirm our findings.

Objective: To identify immune-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Methods: The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases were used to obtain the gene expression profile. Immune-related lncRNAs were screened from the Molecular Signatures Database v4.0 (MsigDB). We performed a survival analysis of critical lncRNAs. Further, the function of prognostic lncRNAs was inferred us ing the Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) to clarify the possible mechanisms underlying their predictive ability. The assessment was performed in clinical samples and PTC cells. Results: We obtained 4 immune-related lncRNAs, 15 microRNAs (miRNAs), and 375 mRNAs as the key mediators in the pathophysiological processes of PTC from the GEO database. Further, Lasso regression analysis identified seven prognostic markers (LINC02550, SLC26A4-AS1, ACVR2B-AS1, AC005479.2, LINC02454, and AL136366.1), most of which were related to tumor development. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed different, changed genes mainly enriched in the cancer-related pathways, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and focal adhesion. Only SLC26A4-AS1 had an intersection in the results of the two databases. Conclusion: LncRNA SLC26A4-AS1, which is the most associated with prognosis, may play an oncogenic role in the development of PTC.

Xihuang pill, an approved Chinese medicine formula (state medical permit number. Z11020073), is a commonly used adjuvant drug for cancer patients in China. Xihuang pill has a satisfactory effect in treating breast cancer in clinics, especially triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which is the most aggressive type of breast cancer, and finite effective therapies. However, the mechanism of Xihuang pill in treating TNBC remains unclear. The present study aims to explore the pharmacological mechanism of Xihuang pill in treating advanced TNBC. We identified the main chemical components of Xihuang pill by using HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) analysis shows that serum containing Xihuang pill (XS) had no obvious killing effect on any subtype of breast cancer cells, but it inhibited mammosphere colony formation of two TNBC cell lines (4T1 and HCC1806 cells) and could enhance the inhibitory effect of paclitaxel (PTX) on the proliferation of 4T1 and HCC1806 cells when combined with PTX. Seventy-six active compounds in Xihuang pill, their 300 protein targets, and 16667 TNBC stem cell–related genes were identified. The drug–herb–active compound–target gene–disease network and enrichment analyses were constructed with 190 overlapping candidate targets. Through text mining and molecular docking, the target gene NR3C2 and its active compound naringenin were selected for further validation. According to the TCGA database, we observed that a high expression of NR3C2 promoted a higher survival probability regarding overall survival (OS). In vitro experiments indicated that naringenin presented an identical effect to XS, possibly by regulating the NR3C2 expression. Overall, this study explored the effect of Xihuang pill in treating advanced TNBC cells and showed that naringenin, which is the key active compound of Xihuang pill, could lessen the stemness of TNBC cells to produce a synergistic effect on PTX by regulating the NR3C2 gene.

Hai Lu guang zhou zhong yi yao da xue: Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine https://orcid.org/00000002-3795-6087 Jinqun Jiang Shantou University Medical College YuZhu Zhang Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Rui Xu Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Liping Ren Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine QianJun Chen (  cqj55@163.com ) Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine

BACKGROUND:Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive among breast cancer subtypes with the worst prognosis. Ginger is widely used in pharmaceuticals and as food. Its anticancer properties are known, but the mechanism is still unclear. [10]-Gingerol is one of the main phenolic compounds isolated from ginger. Studying the biological effects of [10]-Gingerol is of great significance to understand the efficacy of ginger.METHODS:In this study, the therapeutic effects of [10]-Gingerol on TNBC cells were studied using network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vitro experiments, and the target and mechanism of action were explained.RESULTS:A total of 48 targets of ginger for the treatment of TNBC were found. These targets might interfere with the growth of TNBC by participating in many pathways, such as endocrine resistance, progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation, estrogen signaling pathway, and cellular senescence. Prognostic analyses indicated that the JUN, FASN, ADRB2, ADRA2A, and PGR were the hub genes, while molecular docking predicted the stable binding of ADRB2 protein with drug compounds. Additionally, [10]-Gingerol could induce apoptosis by regulating the caspase activation.CONCLUSIONS:[10]-Gingerol affects the growth of TNBC through multiple action targets and participating in multiple action pathways. ADRB2 and apoptosis pathways might be important target pathways for [10]-Gingerol in the treatment of TNBC.

Autophagy is a process of engulfing one's own cytoplasmic proteins or organelles and coating them into vesicles, fusing with lysosomes to form autophagic lysosomes, and degrading the contents it encapsulates. Increasing studies have shown that autophagy disorders are closely related to the occurrence of tumors. However, the prognostic role of autophagy genes in cervical cancer is still unclear. In this study, we constructed risk signatures of autophagy-related genes (ARGs) to predict the prognosis of cervical cancer. The expression profiles and clinical information of autophagy gene sets were downloaded from TCGA and GSE52903 queues as training and validation sets. The normal cervical tissue expression profile data from the UCSC XENA website (obtained from GTEx) were used as a supplement to the TCGA normal cervical tissue. Univariate COX regression analysis of 17 different autophagy genes was performed with the consensus approach. Tumor samples from TCGA were divided into six subtypes, and the clinical traits of the six subtypes had different distributions. Further absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariable COX regression yielded an autophagy genetic risk model consisting of eight genes. In the training set, the survival rate of the high-risk group was lower than that of the low-risk group (p < 0.0001). In the validation set, the AUC area of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.772 for the training set and 0.889 for the verification set. We found that high and low risk scores were closely related to TNM stage (p < 0.05). The nomogram shows that the risk score combined with other indicators, such as G, T, M, and N, better predicts 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates. Decline curve analysis (DCA) shows that the risk model combined with other indicators produces better clinical efficacy. Immune cells with an enrichment score of 28 showed statistically significant differences related to high and low risk. GSEA enrichment analysis showed the main enrichment being in KRAS activation, genes defining epithelial and mesenchymal transition (EMT), raised in response to the low oxygen level (hypoxia) gene and NF-kB in response to TNF. These pathways are closely related to the occurrence of tumors. Our constructed autophagy risk signature may be a prognostic tool for cervical cancer.

Abstract The present systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken to evaluate the effects of acupuncture in women with breast cancer (BC), focusing on patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Methods A comprehensive literature search was carried out for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting PROs in BC patients with treatment-related symptoms after undergoing acupuncture for at least four weeks. Literature screening, data extraction, and risk bias assessment were independently carried out by two researchers. Results Out of the 2, 524 identified studies, 29 studies representing 33 articles were included in this meta-analysis. At the end of treatment (EOT), the acupuncture patients’ quality of life (QoL) was measured by the QLQ-C30 QoL subscale, the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Endocrine Symptoms (FACT-ES), the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–General/Breast (FACT-G/B), and the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MENQOL), which depicted a significant improvement. The use of acupuncture in BC patients lead to a considerable reduction in the scores of all subscales of the Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form (BPI-SF) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) measuring pain. Moreover, patients treated with acupuncture were more likely to experience improvements in hot flashes scores, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and anxiety compared to those in the control group, while the improvements in depression were comparable across both groups. Long-term follow-up results were similar to the EOT results. Conclusions Current evidence suggests that acupuncture might improve BC treatment-related symptoms measured with PROs including QoL, pain, fatigue, hot flashes, sleep disturbance and anxiety. However, a number of included studies report limited amounts of certain subgroup settings, thus more rigorous, well-designed and larger RCTs are needed to confirm our results.

BACKGROUND:Neuroinflammation involving the central nervous system (CNS), such as depression, is associated with a significantly increased risk of cancer and cancer-specific mortality due to breast cancer. It is of great significance to learn about the regulatory process of CNS in breast cancer progression.METHODS:We established a depressive MMTV-PyVT mouse model. The expression levels of neurotransmitters in the serum of depression animal models were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Changes of the microglia cells in the mice's brains were evaluated by immunofluorescence and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Breast cancer progression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis. To further investigate the mechanism by which ant-depressant drugs disrupt breast cancer progression, protein sequencing and network pharmacology were applied to identify related targets. Furthermore, we used conditioned medium from BV-2 microglia to culture breast cancer cells and treated the cells with quercetin at different concentrations; cell viability was assessed by the MTT assay.RESULTS:Our results show a possible regulatory target between neuroinflammation in the CNS and development of breast cancer, along with the reversal effect of quercetin on breast cancer progression.CONCLUSIONS:Chronic stress may be an indicator of breast cancer and that quercetin could be an effective treatment for breast cancer patients with chronic stress.

BACKGROUND:To explore the role of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) in breast cancer (BC).METHODS:Cav-1 expression data were downloaded from the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. We compared the expression of Cav-1 in different tumor tissues and between BC tissues and normal tissues (NTs), as well as the differences between different clinical traits. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to determine whether Cav-1 serves as a prognostic factor. The correlations of Cav-1 expression with the immune microenvironment and infiltrating immune cells were also analyzed. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect Cav-1 mRNA expression in the MCF-7, SKB-R3, MDB-MB-231, and SUM-159 cell lines. LV-Cav-1-RNAi was transfected into MCF-7 and MDB-MB-231 cells, and the MTT assay was used to detect cell proliferation. Subsequently, MDB-MB-231 cells carrying the Cav-1-RNAi gene were used to determine the effects of Cav-1 knockdown on tumor growth in vivo using a severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) model.RESULTS:Cav-1 was enriched in most solid tumors, and its expression was lower in BC tissues than in NT. Cav-1 expression was shown to be related to patients' clinical outcomes. Cav-1 was expressed in the MCF-7, SKB-R3, MDB-MB-231, and SUM-159 cell lines. The MTT assay revealed that the proliferative ability of MDB-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells was accelerated. The tumor volume of SCID mice administered with LV-Cav-1-RNAi cells was increased.CONCLUSIONS:These results suggest that Cav-1 may serve as a suppressor in the development of BC.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has been acknowledged as an aggressive disease with worst prognosis, which requires endeavor to develop novel therapeutic agents. Bruceae fructus oil (BO), a vegetable oil derived from the fruit of Brucea javanica (L.) Merr., is an approved marketable drug for the treatment of cancer in China for several decades. Despite that the anti–breast cancer activity of several quassinoids derived from B. javanica has been found, it was the first time that the potential of BO against TNBC was revealed. Although BO had no cytotoxicity on TNBC cell lines in vitro, the oral administration of BO exhibited a gut microbiota–dependent tumor suppression without toxicity on the non-targeted organs in vivo. By metagenomics and untargeted metabolomics, it was found that BO not only altered the composition and amino acid metabolism function of gut microbiota but also regulated the host’s amino acid profile, which was in accordance with the metabolism alternation in gut microbiota. Moreover, the activity of mTOR in tumor was promoted by BO treatment as indicated by the phosphorylation of 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) and ribosomal protein S6, and hyper-autophagy was consequently restrained. By contrast, the failure of tumor suppression by BO under pseudo germ-free (PGF) condition came with indistinctive changes in autophagy and mTOR activity, implying the critical role of the gut microbiota in BO’s anticancer activity. The present study highlighted a promising application of BO against breast cancer with novel efficacy and safety.

Background：Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor and the leading cause of death in women. Chemotherapy is one of the most important treatments for breast cancer. However, the development of chemotherapy resistance is the main cause of 20-30% of breast cancer patients developing metastasis, leading to death. MCL-1, an anti-apoptotic protein, has not been found to contribute to chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer. Methods：We used large gene panels to detect pathological sections of tumors in drug-resistant and sensitive patients. We validated protein profiling by IHC in a larger cohort of samples. We performed the function of MCL-1 by knockdown and overexpression in vitro and in vivo. Luciferase assay and CHIP assay were used to prove the regulatory network between MCL-1 and LRP6.Result:We found that MCL-1 is more highly expressed in drug-resistant breast cancer tissues than it is in sensitive breast cancer tissues. Functional studies have revealed that MCL-1 plays an important role in drug resistance by regulating apoptosis in breast cancer cells. We found that overexpression of MCL-1 enhances the chemoresistance and stemness of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, while silencing has the opposite effect. Mechanistically, by downregulating and upregulating MCL-1, we show that MCL-1 regulates LRP6 and activates the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway in breast cancer cells. Finally, we found that a high level of MCL-1 expression predicts a poor prognosis in breast cancer. Conclusion:Our work highlights the role of MCL-1 in chemoresistance and stemness. The MCL-1-WNT/β-catenin axis might be used as a new clinical target for breast cancer therapy.

PRIM1 plays an important role during oncogenesis, however it has never been reported in liver cancer, and thus our objective is to explore the role of PRIM1 in liver cancer. We selected RNAseq data of 50 paired liver cancer samples from the Cancer Gene Atlas (TCGA), and then bioinformatics methods and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze the correlation between PRIM1 and the clinical pathological stage of liver cancer. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) was used to detect mRNA expression of PRIM1 in BEL-7404, BCL-7402, HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cell lines. LV-PRIM1-RNAi was transfected into BEL-7404 and SMMC-7721 cells by lentivirus, and then Celigo imaging cytometer, Caspase3/7 Assay, flow cytometry and MTT assay were used to detect the proliferation and apoptosis of BEL-7404 and SMMC-7721 cells with ≥50% gene reduction rate after lentivirus transfection detected by QPCR. BEL-7404 and SMMC-7721 carrying PRIM1 gene were used for oncogenesis in vitro to observe the weight and fluorescence intensity of the tumor. Bioinformatics method was used to obtain the information about PRIM1 gene, and the correlation between PRIM1 and clinical pathological stage of liver cancer was analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test. QPCR results showed that PRIM1 was expressed in BEL-7404, BCL-7402, HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cell lines, which was highest in BCL-7404 cell line. Celigo imaging cytometer, Caspase3/7 Assay, flow cytometry and MTT assay showed that the proliferative ability of BEL-7404 and SMMC-7721 were decreased after LV-PRIM1-RNAi transfection. Furthermore, the weight and the fluorescence intensity of the tumors in vitro formed by LV-PRIM1-RNAi cells on SCID mice were decreased. So, interference of PRIM1 expression can inhibit the proliferation of BEL-7404 and SMMC-7721 cells, as well as induce the apoptosis of liver cancer cells.

An investigation of the dynamic response of saturated soil plays an important role in classical application fields such as soil mechanics,hydrology,ocean engineering and so on.Further-more,it is essential to the development of emerging sciences and technologies,such as the me-chanical characteristic of skin and soft tissue in biology.Therefore,it is important to provide ap-propriate theoretical analyses and numerical simulation methods.In addition,the transient re-sponse of saturated soil is also essential to the understanding of deformation and the pore water pressures generated by ground motion.This response is a key factor in the dynamic analysis of building foundations,offshore structures,and wave propagation in geological medium during blasts or earthquakes.Saturated soil is one that exhibits a solid faction and a porous space filled with a viscous fluid on a microscopic scale.Two approaches are possible for addressing the de-scription of such a soil.The first approach is at the microscopic scale.Here,the “solid elastic”and“viscous fluid”phases each constitute distinct geometric domains.A geometric point is found at a given instant in one of these two clearly identifiable phases.The second approach considers the problem from the macroscopic level.The elementary volume is considered to be the superposition of two material particles with different kinematics occupying the same geometric points at the same instant.Thus,the saturated soil is considered as a two-phase continuum;the skeleton particle is constituted by the solid matrix and connected porous space,and the fluid particle is formed from the fluid saturating this connected porous space.There are many theories describing the characteristics of saturated soils,e.g.,Biot Theory,porous media theory,hybrid mixture theory, and so on.Most of the transient response studies for saturated soils are solved by numerical meth-ods such as the finite element method (FEM)and finite difference method (FDM).Compared to the FDM,the most attractive feature of the FEM is its ability to handle nonlinear material and complicated geometries (and boundaries)with relative ease.In this investigation,based on Biot Theory,a mathematical model of a two-dimensional saturated elastic soil is established,and a time-domain FEM for analyzing the transient dynamic response of saturated soil under cyclic load-ing is presented.To verify the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method,a one-dimensional saturated soil column subject to two different surface loadings was simulated.The first numerical example models the transient response of the saturated soil column due to sine wave loading.The second case is for the dynamic response of the soil column subject to step loading.For both nu-merical examples,the solid displacement history and pore pressure history are presented and com-pared with analytical solutions.Good agreement between the computed results and analytical solu-tions show the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.

Objective To observe the clinical effects of improved and minimal invasive therapy in treatment of in-tracranial hematoma of patients with cerebral hemorrhage,in order to investigate the optimal timing of surgery. Methods 126 patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage treated in our hospital from October of 2010 to April of 2013 were chosen to be researched and they were randomly divided into two groups.Patients of control group were given conservative medical management, and patients of observation group were given improved and minimal invasive removal of intracra-nial hematoma on the basis of the control group.The clinical effect of two groups were compared according to the de-cline of neurological deficiency score (NDS).After followed-up with 6 months,the rehaemorrhagia rate of observation group of different operation time were compared. Results After treatment with 3 months,the total effective rate of obser-vation group and the control group respectively was 88.89%,38.10%,the differences had statistically significant (P<0.05).After followed-up with 6 months,the rehaemorrhagia rate from 6 to 24 hours was lower than within 6 hours and from 24 to 48 hours,and the differences of three time buckets had statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion For pa-tients with cerebral hemorrhage,the clinical effect of improved and minimal invasive therapy is exact,and prognosis quality of patients are significantly increased,and worthy of popularization and application in clinic,and from 6 to 24 hours affter cerebral hemorrhage is the best operation time.

目的 评价早期中医综合性康复治疗对脑梗塞患者的临床治疗效果.方法 随机选取我院2012年7月至2013年7月入院治疗的100例脑梗塞患者,随机将其分成治疗组与观察组,每组50例患者,除了开展基础性常规治疗以及康复性训练之外,治疗组同时辅以中医药等综合性治疗方式做康复性治疗操作.结果 做神经功能缺损评分,两组差异显著(P＜0.05),具有统计学意义.结论 早期综合行康复治疗方式对脑梗死早期患者而言,治疗效果突出.