Through summarizing and analyzing relevant regulations including 2013 version of the construction contract model text,this paper points out contractors should claim for loss on cessation due to exceptionally adverse climatic conditions,and puts forward suggestions to avoid similar disputes when signing the contract for both contractors and owners.

PPP model is becoming an important development direction for the city infrastructure construction, rational risk allocation will influence the development of PPP projects directly. From risk undertaker's perspective, unilateral risk and joint risk can be divided. This paper combines the realistic incomplete information status and uses bargaining game theory to respectively constructe the bargaining game model of joint risk allocation under symmetry of status and asymmetry of status and find the sub-game perfect Nash equilibrium. This paper not only enriches the theory research of the risk allocation of PPP project,but also has some meanings in promoting the development of PPP project.

According to the principle of scientific and rational,systematic and comprehensive,operational and feasible,the paper establishes the evaluation indicator system including technology,economy,environment and society indicators of regional energy supply system in eastern China. Then,carries on combination weighting of indicator through AHP and entropy method,to make improvement to TOPSIS model. Taking one city complex project in Northern Jiangsu as an example,verifies the application procedure of this model,proves the effectiveness of the evaluation method.

科学合理的补贴机制是吸引社会资本进入城市轨道交通PPP项目的关键.本文立足于投资回报率与票价,建立了城市轨道交通PPP项目在运营阶段的补贴金额计算模型,设计了“三方共赢”的灵活性补贴机制.为了激励社会资本,将补贴金额分为固定和可变两部分,每部分的比例系数通过讨价还价博弈得到,并结合某轨道交通项目验证了模型的有效性,最后提出了完善城市轨道交通PPP项目补贴机制的建议.

政府和社会资本合作模式(PPP)被广泛应用到我国各类基础设施建设中,PPP项目定价是提高双方合作效率的关键因素之一.本文提出了基于合同设计及风险收益对等因素的PPP项目定价模型,通过实证分析验证了模型的有效性,为PPP项目定价提供了重要依据.最后,为完善我国基础设施PPP项目定价提出政策建议.

文章在Helpman et al.(2004)研究的基础上,采用理论分析和数据印证相结合的方法研究了企业进入区域一体化市场的方式选择问题.研究结论显示:生产率较高的企业选择FDI方式进入区域一体化市场内某个(数个)东道国,并以它(们)为贸易平台将产品出口至区域内其他国家;生产率处于中间位置的企业选择出口方式进入区域一体化市场所有国家,而生产率较低的企业选择不进入国际市场.此外,贸易成本与市场规模等外生变量对企业进入区域一体化市场的方式选择也产生了作用.

外币报表折算产生于跨国公司的境外经营，它是一套连接境内外经营实体的会计方法体系，与整体经济金融环境密切相关。我国外币报表折算方法基本实现了与国际接轨，但在“走出去”战略、汇率改革和人民币国际化的大环境下，外币报表折算实务展现出了新的特点，也需要企业及时应对。

With the rise of New-new trade theory in recent years,the test on two-way causality of export behavior and heterogeneous firms' productivity became one of the important hot fields.A lot of scholars used different countries' data upon the actual empirical analysis of two logical opposite hypotheses,which called self-selection effects and exporting-by-learning effects.In this paper,we use micro-level data of Chinese enterprises to make verification on it.As a result,self-selection effects was found significant,while the learning-by-exporting effects is not significant.At last,we got analysis of Chinese enterprises characteristics in international behavior and gave some policy advices.

Based on 1996 to 2009 between the U.S.real exports of China's total quarterly data,we adapt two-step method using EG cointegration test and the establishment of ECM error correction model.After the empirical investigation on the mechanism of the real exchange rate level,volatility of real exchange rate,China's exports to the U.S.long-term equilibrium relationship and short-term dynamic relationship,we give some relevant policy recommendations.Empirical results indicate that the level of long-term real exchange rate of RMB and U.S.real exports were significantly negatively correlated,the real exchange rate volatility rate on the actual export produce long-term moderate negative effect.In short-term effect of view,although the level of the real exchange rate and the impact of exchange rate volatility change in the same direction in long-term,but the degree of significant decline;the RMB exchange rate adjustment should be taken into account the exchange rate level and the combined effect of exchange rate volatility.

On the super-marginal issue of the relationship between economic take-off and industrial policy in a country, this article analyze the motivation for industrial system development, the limitation of central government in industrial policy and local government in developing industry cluster. Based on these analysis, this article propose an alternative way of industrial policy to promote the commercialization of the modern industrial system. Meanwhile, from the view of the meso-level, this article also analyze the role and its mechanism of industry association in the industrial system.

内外需失衡是我国目前经济发展中遇到的一个突出难题.文章首先通过外贸依存度、基尼系数、外汇储备配置等指标,分析了内外需失衡的种种问题.然后以民间资本为切入点,阐释民间资本的分工效应可以缓解内外需失衡的作用.最后就引导民间资本发展的制度和政策提出建议.

This paper has studied the differiences in productivity and participation in international activities among enterprises with different ownership,which is based on the penal dates from 352 firms in 7 different lines during 2002-2007 and the export decision -making model proposed by Bernard and Jesen.The empiricical results suggest that the line will show stronger export expansion and international participation if it has higher proportion of foreign -capital enterprises.Instead,those lines with high proportion of state-owned enterprises will have low degree in international participation.Therefore,corporate ownership structure has some explanatory power in the heterogeneity of firms in international behavior.In view of this,this paper will propose several suggestions about how to improve the international participation and further boost enterprises togo out.

In the information economy era,information access and usage are overwhelming for business development,and informatization has become the primary issue faced by firms.Based on hierarchical linear modeling(HLM),the authors make an empirical analysis into the questionnaire data.The results show that the Chinese enterprises informatization is still in the initial stage of the process,and different industries vary greatly on the level of enterprise informatization.Enterprise performance is affected not only by the informatization variables,but also by the industry variables significantly.By the end,the authors give their conclusions and advices.

在激烈的全球市场竞争下,自由贸易协定(FTAs)对于每个国家来说也越来越重要,许多国家都已签订或计划与其贸易伙伴签订。文章试图用建立一个三国模式的古诺模型来探讨二者关系——全球兴起的垂直专业化贸易是怎样影响各国与其贸易伙伴对于签订自由贸易协定的决策。在研究方法上,基于政治经济学视角,分析了利益集团贸易政策制定中的贸易利得变化与其政府决策的影响。

国际垂直专业化贸易是第二次全球化浪潮的主要特征。与此同时,在激烈的全球市场竞争下,自由贸易协定(FTAs)对于每个国家来说也越来越重要,许多国家都已签订或计划与其贸易伙伴签订。文章试图建立一个三国模式的古诺模型来探讨二者关系——全球兴起的垂直专业化贸易是怎样影响各国与其贸易伙伴对于签订自由贸易协定的决策。在研究方法上,基于政治经济学视角,分析了利益集团贸易政策制定中的贸易利得变化与其政府决策的影响。