Recent breakthroughs in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have increased the interest in applications of AI in general and Generative AI in particular. This interest is manifested in public debate on the promise and limitations of AI in various sectors, but also on the risks of relying upon such technology. However, little is known about the interest in and perceptions of Generative AI among Information Technology (IT) professionals likely to take responsibility for developing and implementing AI-based solutions in the public sector. We present findings from a survey we developed (with help from ChatGPT) and conducted among IT practitioners in the Norwegian public sector. Through this survey, we investigated how opportunities and limitations of the use Generative AI were perceived and understood. We found ambivalent attitudes: while the interest in Generative AI is high, the level of perceived knowledge is low; there is considerable optimism about the value of AI, but an equivalent level of concern about threats this technology represents; and although respondents suspected AI had helped generate the survey, they found the survey questions relevant and fully context-oriented. These findings provide background and context for further research into the adoption of AI and help practitioners establish a baseline for efforts to build and manage AI-based solutions in public institutions.

Evidence suggests that benefits management is critical for enabling greater value and for enhancing the positive impact of programs, projects, and portfolios. However, many organizations only focus their efforts on identifying the intended benefits, without conducting a proper follow-up through ongoing assessment or evaluation to ensure benefits realization. For this reason, this study aims to obtain an overview of the actual use of the assessment methods in benefits management, through a compilation and analysis of the literature following the Systematic Mapping Study methodology. The results and findings obtained show a significant gap in the interplay between the fields of assessment methods and benefits management. Based on this, we suggest opportunities for improvement, such as developing audit guides and frameworks for enhancing the monitoring of the benefits, strengthening the focus on external benefits of organizations, and for adapting benefits assessment to the changed perceptions of intended benefits, in line with continuous improvement.

Information Technology (IT) plays a key role in the world we live in. As such, its relation to the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) stated by the United Nations to improve lives and health of the people and the planet is inexorable. In particular, the SDG 5 aims to enforce gender equality and states 9 Targets that drive the actions to achieve such goals. The lack of women within IT has been a concern for several years. In this context, the objective of this study is to get an overview of the state of the art on gender equality in IT processes. To do so, we conducted a Systematic Mapping Study to investigate the addressed targets, challenges, and potential best practices that have been put forward so far. The results we have obtained demonstrate the novelty of this field, as well as a set of opportunities and challenges that currently exist in this regard, such as the lack of best practices to address gender equality in IT processes and the need to develop proposals that solve this problem. All of this can be used as a starting point to identify open issues that help to promote research on this field and promote and enhance best practices towards a more socially sustainable basis for gender equality in and by IT.

Digitalization has become a primary goal for organizations. Successfully adopting the digital context both in daily operations and in business management and strategy entails great benefits at different levels (organizational, economic, social, environmental…). Thus, it is very important that practitioners have clear conceptions of the goals in this regard and that those goals are “alive” in organizations.For this reason, in this study we present a survey that we performed among practitioners related to the management of Information Technology (IT) from both the private and public sectors in Norway. Through this survey we have tried to find out how organizations understand and translate the current context of digitalization from different goal levels. For that, we asked respondents to relate to one of three goal hierarchies: A) a classical governance approach; B) an organizational tier approach; and C) an effects-based approach.Among the results obtained we found that the first two are the most used and the goal achievement is slightly higher for the classical governance approach than for the organizational tier approach. Likewise, we identified that while top level management has a good understanding of the goals, this understanding deteriorates as one moves down the organizational hierarchy.

Sustainability has become an important engine of change for both society and organizations. The latter have realized that sustainability goes far beyond preserving the environment and the implementation and improvement of sustainable practices is helping them to be increasingly effective and efficient in their processes and operations. One of the business areas that is evolving the most and taking on the most relevance regarding sustainability is Information Technology (IT). The well-known as Green IT not only defends the idea of sustainable IT, but also of using IT to help other areas to be sustainable. However, organizations are still disoriented regarding Green IT, since they do not have the frameworks and/or standards to properly implement and improve Green IT in their processes and operations. That is why this study addresses the problem of improving Green IT processes by applying the ISO/IEC TR 33014 standard to this area, based on a case study in a Colombian organization. The results and findings obtained through this application demonstrate the usefulness and importance of conducting improvement plans for Green IT processes when best practices are implemented in this regard. Likewise, following standards such as the ISO/IEC TR 33014 for the improvement of processes help to obtain more reliable results, as well as more effective and efficient practices and processes.

The largest gender gaps within entrepreneurship today are in the Information Technology (IT) sector, where male entrepreneurs are more than twice as likely as women to operate. The current gender gap in tech society needs to decrease, and more women who are involved in computer science through study or labor should consider tech entrepreneurship as a career path. This is crucial for developing technology suitable for the whole society. That is why the research objective of this study is to provide information about the relation between IT and gender from the entrepreneurship point of view, using the Systematic Mapping Study (SMS) methodology for this purpose. The results obtained show the original research that exist on gender equality and tech entrepreneurship, in addition to a coverage of various challenges and success factors connected to female tech entrepreneurs. Likewise, they also revealed that there is still a lack of existing studies on the intersection of gender equality and tech entrepreneurship, but it is slowly increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to continue working in this area and the current success factors obtained from female tech entrepreneurs should work as guidelines to help women pursue a career within tech entrepreneurship. CCS CONCEPTS • Social and professional topics →User characteristics →Gender • Social and professional topics → Professional topics → Computing profession ACM Reference format: Alis Wiken Wilson and J. David Patón-Romero. 2022. Gender Equality in Tech Entrepreneurship: A Systematic Mapping Study. In Third Workshop on Gender Equality, Diversity, and Inclusion in Software Engineering (GE@ICSE’22), May 20, 2022, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 8 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3524501.3527608

When talking about sustainability, we usually think that it is only about safeguarding the environment; nothing is further from reality. Of course, the environment is a crucial component of sustainability and our survival, but it is important to recall that the society and the economy play important roles in this regard, and without the interconnection and development of these three perspectives it will not be possible to achieve sustainable progress. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) established by the United Nations (UN) defend this idea and address the main challenges that humanity faces. One of these challenges is gender equality, which is identified in the perspective of social sustainability through SDG 5. Gender equality is a very complex and difficult challenge to address due to the great cultural diversity of our society. Thus, achieving this goal will require laying a solid foundation and working together by combining very different fields of knowledge. In this sense, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the fields that is currently having the greatest impact and relevance for the development of new technologies and for the advancement of numerous areas. This growing evolution of AI demonstrates that its repercussions at the social level must be analyzed and addressed in such a way that AI becomes a positive asset for sustainability and, in this particular case, for gender equality.For all these reasons, this study aims to analyze the current state of the art and collect the existing knowledge in the fields of AI and gender equality, by conducting a Systematic Mapping Study (SMS). The obtained results and findings have allowed us to identify the most relevant advances in this regard, as well as the gaps and drawbacks that currently exist and on which we must urgently focus to address gender equality both in and by AI. In the same way, these findings demonstrate the limited joint development of both fields, but also indicate an increase in the relevance and the number of proposals that these fields are receiving in recent years.

The advancement and adoption of technology in recent years has been unstoppable and has brought with it multiple benefits. However, progress towards a digitized world and society carries certain dangers and risks that must be addressed. One of these threats, which is becoming more and more frequent, for example, in social media/networks, is the radicalization towards extremism and the performance of acts of terror that, mainly, occur in a male audience. Therefore, the present study aims to analyze this perception that men are more vulnerable than women to adopt these extremisms, identifying the characteristics of people vulnerable in this regard, as well as to present the proposal of the practices that can be followed for the design and development of software to prevent young people from acquiring extremist beliefs. The final goal is that software that follows these practices can be implemented at online social platforms and used at an educational level, mainly in primary schools, where it can have the greatest impact in preventing extremism, and therefore contribute to reducing the number of terror and discrimination acts.

Sustainability is not a trend; more and more areas of knowledge defend it and apply it among their main characteristics. The area of Information Technology (IT) has not been left behind and, through the so-called Green IT, advocates for a more sustainable environment. Organizations around the world are realizing that Green IT is an important asset that produces great benefits at ecological, social, and economic level. For this reason, we have developed a revised version of the "Governance and Management Framework for Green IT". With this new version we intend to offer a more complete and solid guide that helps organizations to gradually implement, assess, and improve those characteristics of governance and management that are the basis of the processes and practices of Green IT. This proposal has been empirically validated through a case study and the results obtained demonstrate the validity, usefulness, and applicability of the framework for organizations.

The continuous adoption and evolution of technology in all aspects and areas of our lives and our environment entails new and complex challenges and asks for interdisciplinary perspective to avoid biases that affect sustainable development. In today's digital, automated, and globally connected society, digitization and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are among the fields that are taking the most relevance attention and societal impacts. The new technological development they imply and their use by an increasing part of the world population demonstrate that they must be driven by and for all people in society (across gender, culture, nationality, and other kinds of discrimination), protecting and achieving a positive impact on the environment, as well as a sustainable economy for all. Although the challenge is evident, progress has been invariably slow and addressed from isolated perspectives. The hUGe(2) research program aims to address sustainability in and by technology (focusing on digitization and AI), analyzing from an interdisciplinary perspective the casuistry and existing discrimination (mainly due to gender imbalance, geographical inequalities, and lack of citizens' engagement), and proposing new ways to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) tackling the intersectional challenges. To do this, it will be centered around four PhD students and their supervisors, which will investigate common case studies and data sets from different scientific perspectives.

Context: The changes that are taking place with respect to environmental sensitivity are forcing organizations to adopt a new approach to this problem. Implementing sustainability initiatives has become a priority for the social and environmental awareness of organizations that want to stay ahead of the curve. One of the business areas that has, more than others, proven to be a vital asset and a potential ally of the environment, is the area of Information Technology (IT). Through this area, Green IT practices advocate sustainability in and by IT. However, organizations have a significant handicap in this regard, due to the lack of specific Green IT standards and frameworks that help them carry out this type of sustainability practices. Objective: We have developed the "Governance and Management Framework for Green IT" (GMGIT), which establishes the necessary characteristics to implement Green IT in organizations, from the point of view of the governance and management of this area. After developing and validating a first version of this framework, we have performed a set of improvements, obtaining the GMGIT 2.0, which we want to validate. Method: We have conducted a series of empirical validations at international level based on case studies, whose characteristics and results are presented in this study. Results: The results of this multi-case study show an example of the current situation of organizations in Green IT, as well as the resolution of problems encountered during the validations conducted with the GMGIT 1.0. Conclusion: The findings obtained demonstrate the usefulness, applicability, and validity of the framework when implementing, auditing, and improving Green IT in organizations in a systematic and progressive manner.

Sustainability is a problem that is increasingly worrying organisations around the world, which has led them to adopt sustainable practices in their processes. From the point of view of one of the areas that have had the greatest impact in recent times in organisations, the area of information technology (IT), different sustainable practices have arisen in isolation, known as Green IT practices. So, a framework that organises and establishes these practices (until now isolated) is necessary in order to implement, assess, and improve the Green IT in organisations in an efficient, gradual, and integrated way. In this study, the authors propose a maturity model based on capability maturity model integration (CMMI), through which it is intended to help organisations gradually implement and improve through different levels of maturity, the governance and management of Green IT. The validations of this proposal carried out through experts and practical cases demonstrate the usefulness of this proposal when implementing, assessing, and improving the Green IT in organisations.

Ensembles are the engines that keep large computing infrastructures and architectures running, such as smart cities and smart campuses, among others. Being critical elements for the correct functioning of an entire system, constant and rigorous assessments or evaluations are performed on different aspects such as performance, quality, design, etc. But among these aspects, energy consumption and environmental impact that the ensembles have are not usually considered. Sustainability is a fundamental characteristic nowadays and ensembles are the elements that most directly affect it. For this reason, assessments should be extended towards the sustainability or “greenability” of ensembles. In this study we propose the use of the “Governance and Management Framework for Green IT”, a framework that we have developed, to conduct the assessment of the greenability of ensembles. Through this framework, we identify which are the goals and metrics that should be considered, as well as the practices and activities that must be assessed to ensure that the ensembles work individually in an eco-sustainable manner, to achieve an entire green system.

Sustainability is a reality and a necessity for everyone in all areas. The changes that are taking place with respect to environmental sensitivity force organizations to adopt a new approach to this problem. This has led organizations such as the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) to develop standards that help all types of organizations achieve sustainable development, such as the ISO 14000 family of standards. However, the ISO 14000 family of standards is too generic and does not address specific areas that are highly relevant for organizations in the search for sustainability, as is the case of the area of Information Technology (IT). From the area of IT, sustainability and, in particular, the Green IT philosophy have become slogans for executive, corporate, and service management. Implementing Green IT initiatives has become a priority for the environmental awareness of organizations that want to stay ahead of the curve. That is why, in this study, the application/inclusion of the ISO 14000 family of standards to IT is carried out. The results obtained and the validation of this proposal by experts show an adequate and consistent proposal, which covers all areas related to IT. All this demonstrates the applicability of the ISO 14000 family of standards to IT through the Green IT and completes a developed framework that is useful in practice when implementing the governance and management of Green IT. Likewise, thanks to this proposal, organizations finally have a standardized guide when implementing Green IT, as well as when seeking for international and recognized certifications in this field.

Sustainability is not an option; it has become a primordial necessity in our nearest future and in the base of the growth of our society in all aspects and areas. Information Technology (IT) is playing a leading role in the field of sustainability. Organizations around the world realize the importance of Green IT and the great benefits it generates at an ecological, social, and economic level. That is why more and more organizations advocate for a sustainable environment in and by IT and demand standards and guidelines in this regard. However, this transformation towards the Green IT is not simple, it is a profound change that must be approached in stages, and the first one is the level of governance and management. For this reason, after developing, applying, and validating a first version (obtaining a series of lessons learned and points of improvement), we have carried out the development of the second version of a "Governance and Management Frameworkfor Green IT". With this revised framework, we intend to offer a more complete and solid guide that helps organizations to gradually implement, evaluate, and improve all those aspects and characteristics of governance and management that are the basis of the processes, practices, and activities of Green IT. The results obtained after validating the revised framework demonstrate a stronger validity, usefulness, and applicability, offering a solid guide to organizations in their efforts to gradually implement, evaluate, and improve Green IT.

Sustainability is increasingly present in all areas of society and organizations. In Information Technology (IT), the idea of sustainability has come through the so-called Green IT practices. These practices are attracting many organizations that have realized the importance of this area and the benefits it generates socially, economically, and environmentally. However, there is a lack of standards and/or frameworks that help organizations to carry out these Green IT practices. For this reason, we have developed the “Governance and Management Framework for Green IT” and an ISO/IEC 33000-based maturity model for this framework, which allow to perform the implementation, evaluation, and improvement of Green IT in organizations in a systematic and progressive manner. In the present study we present an empirical validation through a case study that we have conducted with these proposals, emphasizing the application of ISO/IEC 33000 family of standards to Green IT. The results obtained in this case study demonstrate the importance of having a maturity model for Green IT and the validity and usefulness of the application of ISO/IEC 33000 to Green IT through the developed maturity model.

Organizations around the world are increasingly concerned about the environment, adopting sustainable practices in their business processes. In the field of Information Technologies (IT) several Green IT practices have been proposed, but in isolation, so a framework is needed if the Green IT is to be implemented and improved in an efficient and integrated way. In this paper, we propose a maturity model (based on ISO/IEC 15504) to help organizations implement the governance and management of Green IT gradually, as well as to improve their maturity level in this area. The validation of this proposal by experts and a case study seems to indicate that the proposal can be useful for implementing and improving the Green IT processes in organizations.

Organizations around the world are increasingly concerned about the environment, adopting sustainable practices in their business processes. In the field of Information Technologies (IT) several Green IT practices have been proposed, but in isolation, so a framework is needed if the Green IT is to be implemented and improved in an efficient and integrated way. In this paper, we propose a maturity model (based on SPICE) to help organizations to implement the governance and management of Green IT gradually, as well as to improve their maturity level in this area. The validation of this proposal by experts and a case study seems to indicate that the proposal can be useful for implementing and improving the Green IT processes in organizations.

In recent years, Green Information Technology (IT) has grown enormously, and has become an increasingly important and essential area, providing multiple benefits to the organizations that focus on it. It is for this reason that there is an increasing number of organizations embracing the idea of Green IT. However, Green IT is a very young field and each organization implements it according to its own criteria. That is why it is extremely important to develop the bases or best practices of governance and management that allow organizations to implement Green IT practices correctly and standardize them. In this article, we propose the Governance and Management Framework for Green IT, establishing the characteristics needed to carry out the governance and management of Green IT in an organization, and perform audits in this area. This framework is based on COBIT 5, which is a general framework for the control and audit of different areas related to IT. The results obtained through different validations demonstrate the validity and usefulness of the framework developed in the field of Green IT, providing a complete guide to the organizations in their efforts to implement, control and/or improve the practices of Green IT in their processes and day-to-day operations.