In ihren ana to mischen Arbeiten haben Wi/son und Mirarb. (12) die Beziehung und Größe der Bursa semimembranosa gastrocnemia (GSM) zum poplitealen Teil der Gelenkkapsel unte rsucht. Lindgren und Mitarb . (9) führ en auf Grund ihrer anawmisch-arrhrographischen Studien die Auspr ägung des arthrog raphischen Befundes auf die Art der Kommunikation mit der Gelenkkapsel zurück. Durch Degeneration der Gelenkkaps el und Verringerung ihrer Elastizi tät werd en die GSM-Bursen altersabhängig häufiger . Nac h den letztgenannten Auto ren sind die Bursen nach der röntgenologischen Seitenpro jektion mit 141 0 mm2 weit größer als früher mit ca . 300-500 mrn? angenommen wu rde. Die pahtol ogischen Veränderun gen des poplitealen Gelenkkapselteils aus den Bursen könn en wie folgt eingete ilt werden: 1. Einfache Distension 2. Disten sion mit Herniat ion zum Schienbein 3. Distenstion mit Hern iat ion und Ruptur 4. Rupturen der GSM-Bursa oder der Gelenkkapsel nachträglicher Verkapselun g. Die retrofemoralen Bakerzys ren gehö ren in die 4. Gruppe dieser Einteilung. Von Pallardy und Mitarb. (10) wurden sie als eigenständige Form eines pathologischen, popl itealen Hohlrau ms ohne nähere ätiologische Anga ben eingereiht . Im Schr ifttum über arthrographische Befunde erschienen sie nur vereinze lt und ohne systema tische Bearbeitu ng (4, 5,6, 10).

The article describes the special features governing the assessment of angiographic findings in tumours of the nerve sheaths. Considerations of differential diagnosis, especially between neurinoma and neurofibroma, are discussed. Likewise, the problems of differential diagnosis of such tumours against neoplasms of the tissue of the soft parts, are also discussed. Angiography permits only a limited determination of the degree of malignancy of the neurinoma and neurofibroma. It is always mandatory to correlate these findings with the histological findings. However, angiography does seem to be justified as an additional examination technique, since it supplies fundamental pointers for surgery.

In inappropriately treated synovitides of the knee joint with shift towards a villonodular inversion, an inflammatory angiographic symptomatology may be expected which is different according to the seriousness of the illness including (1) local hyperaemia, (2) deviation of arteries, (3) morphologic and formative vascular inversions and (4) diffusion of the contrast material into synovitic conglomerates and (5) shunts. From these findings the stadia of synovitis may be evaluated, including the extent and place of the villonodular inversion in the clinically or arthrographically inaccessible sites. Differential-diagnostic contributions to the origin of the synovitis cannot be expected from angiography and biochemical as well as bacteriological methods (cultivation) remain necessary. Despite this, angiography has its supplementary value in all cases where an analysis of synovitis is impossible by other means and also in all cases, where the extent of the synovitic changes must be evaluated for an operative treatment.

In 570 patients an examination of the subarachnoideal space was performed. In 77 of them oily contrast media, in 93 oxygen and in the remaining 400 patients different water-soluble contrast media were used, including Conray 60, Dimer X and Amipaque. Neurotoxic spinal complications occurred in 12 of the 400 patients investigated with hydrosoluble agents (i.e. in 3%). In one of them after investigation with Dimer X, intense cramps in the lower extremities caused a fracture of the femoral neck within a few hours after the investigation. In another patient, investigated with Amipaque, a psychotic reaction with amentia and paranoid symptoms developed, which disappeared completely after 4 days.