The deterioration degree of pomegranate husk, aroma components and antioxidant contents of pomegranate juice have important effects on postharvest storage quality and vary among cultivars. At the present study, 'Tunisia soft seed', 'Jingpitian' and 'Lishanhong' cultivars from Shaanxi, China was used as raw materials. They were stored at 4 +/- 0.5 degrees C and 85-90% relative humidity for 90 d which aimed to elucidate storability differences. Both husk changes and storage quality were monitored. Our results showed that 'Tunisia soft seed' maintained a good microstructure in husk and possessed a high value of soluble solids/titratable acid ratio and high contents of antioxidants (total phenols, total flavonoids, total anthocyanins, vitamin C) but suffered from high moisture and volatile aroma compounds losses. 'Jingpitian' exhibited lower moisture and aroma compounds losses, but showed significant husk browning, micro-cracks widening, lenticels blocking and wax layer disintegrating. 'Lishanhong' showed similar fruit quality characteristics to 'jingpitian'. These findings will contribute to eluci-dating the appearance change, microstructure and fruit quality differences among cultivars in postharvest pomegranates during cold storage and providing help for enterprises to discriminate and select varieties suitable for fresh sales or storage.

The perishable and short shelf-life characteristics of figs result in nutrient loss and fruit waste. The application of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is effective strategy for fruit preservation. In this study, 1-MCP and MAP were employed to inhibit figs decay and postharvest senescence during storage. Three treatments were evaluated, including the COM (untreated in commercial packaging), MAP (sealed in 4081 mL/m(2)center dot d center dot atm oxygen permeability bags), and treatment with 1-MCP and MAP (treated with 1.5 mu L/L 1MCP and sealed in 4081 mL/m(2)center dot d center dot atm oxygen permeability bags). Each treatment consisted of three replicates with 72 figs per replicate. Results indicated that treatment with 1-MCP and MAP inhibited fig decay, softening, and weight loss significantly, and changes in O-2 and CO2 partial pressures. 1-MCP and MAP also effectively retained the higher contents of total phenol, total flavonoid, ascorbic acid and glutathione in figs, and increased activities of ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase. The production of superoxide anion (O-2(-) center dot), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in figs was prevented, and color were retained in 1-MCP and MAP treatment. Moreover, the analysis of volatile components indicated that 1-MCP and MAP improved the flavor of figs during storage and reduced the loss of aroma compounds in figs. Therefore, treatment with 1-MCP and MAP significantly extended storage life of figs.

Cold storage is one of the most commonly used ways to store pomegranates(Punica granatum L.).Husk browning can occur during cold storage due to phenolic metabolism and energy decay.Three pomegranate cultivars grown in Shaanxi:the introduced cultivar'Tunisia soft seed',the traditional cultivar'Jingpitian'and the newly bred cultivar'Lishanhong'were used to explore the relationship between husk browning and phenolic and energy metabolism under storage conditions of(4.0±0.5)℃and 85%-90%relative humidity,and the storage characteristics of these cultivars were compared.The results showed that with the extension of storage time,browning index increased,1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl(DPPH)radical scavenging capacity increased at first and decreased later,2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline 6-sulfonic acid(ABTS)cation radical scavenging capacity,total phenol and flavonoid contents fluctuated only slightly,and anthocyanin content increased at first and then decreased for all cultivars.Among them,the contents of total phenols,total flavonoids and anthocyanins were highest in'Tunisia soft seed'pomegranates.During storage,polyphenol oxidase(PPO)activity remained lowest,and phenylalanine ammonialyase(PAL)activity remained highest in'Tunisia soft seed'pomegranates.Peroxidase(POD)activity was always highest in'Jingpitian'pomegranates.In addition,'Tunisia soft seed'pomegranate husk maintained higher adenosine triphosphate(ATP)and adenosine diphosphate(ADP)contents and energy charge,as well as higher Mg2+-ATPase and H+-ATPase activities during storage.The correlation analysis showed that the browning index of'Jingpitian'pomegranate husk,which was highest among the three cultivars,was significantly positively correlated with total phenol and flavonoid contents,POD and PAL activities,and ATP and ADP contents(P<0.05 and P<0.01);the browning index of'Tunisia soft seed'pomegranate husk,which was lowest,was significantly positively correlated with POD activity and the content of adenosine monophosphate(AMP)(P<0.01);and the browning index of'Lishanhong'pomegranate husk,which was in the middle,was significantly positively correlated with total phenol and AMP contents(P<0.05 and P<0.01,respectively)but significantly negatively correlated with Mg2+-ATPase activity(P<0.01).Principal component analysis(PCA)showed significant quality differences between'Tunisia soft seed'pomegranates and the two other cultivars.The above findings demonstrated that the browning degree of pomegranate husk under cold storage conditions varied among cultivars and was related to phenolic and energy metabolism.

Logistics transportation is the critical procedure that sprouts must go through from producers to consumers, but during this transportation, it is very easy to cause quality deterioration. Generally, the quality of fresh peanut sprouts during cold chain transportation is maintained by using the high polymer phase change cold storage agent (CSA). In this research, different quantities of CSA were used to maintain peanut sprouts quality，and the effects of CSA on sprouts quality under simulated transportation conditions were investigated for 5 days, including overall quality, water content, ascorbic acid content, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, weight loss rate, along with the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). According to the overall quality, it is meaningful to observe the changes of each index within 3 days. Results indicated that 4 bags of CSA could decrease the temperature to 8.4 °C within 580 min and keep rising slowly until the maximum temperature reached 18.9 °C at 4260 min. In addition, it effectively prevented the loss of water (93.87%) and ascorbic acid (5.38 mg/100 g), as well as inhibited the production of MDA, which was attributed to a slow metabolism in low temperatures. Moreover, the 4 bags of CSA had no negative effects on the contents of total phenolic and flavonoid along with CAT activity of peanut sprouts, and the sensory quality was maintained at an optimum level. In conclusion, it had a positive effect on the maintenance of quality during transportation when the mass ratio of sprouts to CSA was 15:8 and the volume ratio of styrofoam container and CSA was 10:1.

目的 研究不同含量1-MCP结合MAP包装处理对无花果低温贮藏和商业包装品质的影响.方法 以'波姬红'无花果为实验材料,在贮藏温度(5±1)℃下,探究不同含量1-MCP(1.0、1.5、2.0μL/L)处理并结合PE(0.05 mm)包装膜对新鲜无花果贮藏品质的影响;在室温下,探究1.5μL/L 1-MCP处理并结合PE(0.05 mm)包装膜对商业包装无花果流通过程中品质的影响.结果 在低温下,1-MCP处理有利于维持无花果贮藏品质的稳定,其中1.5 uL/L 1-MCP处理后效果最显著,有效降低了无花果的腐烂指数,维持了果实的色泽、硬度等品质指标.对于商业包装无花果,单独用PE包装以及与1-MCP复合处理均有延长其保鲜期的效果,其中复合处理的效果更优.结论 1.5μL/L 1-MCP处理可有效延缓无花果的衰老进程,延长果实的低温货架期;1-MCP复合PE包装处理对商业包装无花果有积极作用,可有效保证无花果的流通品质.

This study investigated the color and pigment content changes, the activities of flavonoid biosynthesis related enzymes and relative expression of genes of irradiated winter jujubes during cold storage at 0 +/- 1 degrees C for 70 d. The results showed that 0.3 kGy X-rays could maintain the lightness and superior appearance of winter jujube while suppressing the decay. In addition, the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR) were restricted in 0.3 kGy X-rays treated jujubes, and the relative expression of MYB transcription factors (LOC107415776 and LOC107404478) and bHLH transcription factors (LOC107407443, LOC107423582 and LOC107423649) were down-regulated, causing the reduced anthocyanin and quercetin content. Together with the alleviated chlorophyll degradation levels delayed the reddening of irradiated jujube. This research demonstrates the potential of 0.3 kGy X-rays in delaying winter jujube reddening, which can provide a solid theoretical reference for the mechanism study.

为延长无花果采后的贮藏品质,以丝路红玉无花果为试验材料,采用不同厚度聚乙烯(polyethylene,PE)保鲜膜复合1-甲基环丙烯(1-methylcyclopropene,1-MCP)熏蒸处理无花果,通过测定果实理化指标、营养品质等相关指标,探究其低温贮藏的效果.结果表明:PE保鲜膜处理可以维持持续的低氧环境,有效抑制果实颜色、硬度的劣变,降低失重率、腐烂率,其中以0.05 mm厚度的保鲜膜效果最佳.而1.5μL/L的1-MCP与0.05 mm PE保鲜膜复合处理组不仅抑制了无花果颜色的氧化褐变和后熟转红,同时也抑制了果实营养物质的劣变,有效提高了无花果的贮藏品质.

In this research, winter jujubes were treated with X-ray doses of 0, 0.3, 0.5 kGy and stored at 0 degrees C. Then jujubes from early (day 0) and late (day 60) storage were transferred to 20 +/- 1 degrees C and qualities were evaluated every 3 days to explore the preservation effect of X-ray. Results indicated that 0.3 kGy X-ray inhibited the jujube decay by preventing 8.20% of fungal and 29.12% of aerobic bacterial growth. The pectin decomposition was prevented (0.21% on day 60), softening was alleviated, and reddening was delayed for 5 days correspondingly. Microscopic observation validated the integrity of the treated jujube tissue. Furthermore, the highest inhibition rates of 0.3 kGy X-ray on the activities of polygalacturonase (PG), cellulase and 8-glucosidase (8-Glu) were 47.32%, 74.71% and 68.00%, respectively. Research demonstrated X-ray's potential in winter jujube preservation, which can provide a solid theoretical reference for the development and industrial application.

花椒营养丰富,具有独特的香气和麻味,通常被加工成香辛料,广泛地应用于人们的日常饮食.但花椒在贮藏过程中易发生褐变、微生物侵染等生理性和侵染性病害,以及香气麻味物质的降解、营养物质的流失等问题,造成较大的经济损失.本文综述了花椒的营养成分,分析了鲜花椒采后品质劣变的原因,总结了相关的保鲜方法,以期为花椒新型高效保鲜技术的应用提供参考.